Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Euphorbia
Description
Family Euphorbiaceae
The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.
Physical Description
Flowers: Female flowers carry a three part pistil over a three part ovary, producing three or sometimes more seeds.
Landscaping
Care: Heat tolerant . Drought tolerant. Fertilize regularly. Avoid frost.
Biology
Growth
Culture: Space 6-9" apart. Propagate by dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs, or from herbaceous stem cuttings.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun to light shade.
Moisture: Water Requirements: Water only in sumer.
Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): 50°F. • Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Rosidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Malpighiales
()
- C. Martius, 1835
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
()
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Spurge Family
- Subfamily:
Euphorbioideae
()
- Tribe:
Euphorbieae
()
- Genus:
Euphorbia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Specific epithet:
albipollinifera
- L.C.Leach
- Botanical name: - Euphorbia albipollinifera L.C.Leach
- Specific epithet:
albipollinifera
- L.C.Leach
- Genus:
Euphorbia
(
- Tribe:
Euphorbieae
(
- Subfamily:
Euphorbioideae
(
- Family:
Euphorbiaceae
(
- Order:
Malpighiales
(
- Superorder:
Euphorbianae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003
Similar Species
Members of the genus Euphorbia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 648 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
E. aaron-rossii (Marble Canyon Spurge) · E. abdelkuri (Euphorbia) · E. abyssinica (Abyssinian Spurge) · E. actinoclada (Euphorbia) · E. aeruginosa (Dwarf Spurge) · E. aggregata (Euphorbia) · E. agraria (Shining Spurge) · E. albertensis (Euphorbia) · E. albipollinifera (Euphorbia) · E. alfredii (Euphorbia) · E. ambohipotsiensis (Euphorbia) · E. ambovombensis (Euphorbia) · E. ammak (African Candelabra) · E. ampliphylla (Euphorbia) · E. amygdaloides (Golden Glory Spurge) · E. amygdaloides robbiae var. robbiae (Robb's Spurge) · E. amygdaloides var. Purpurea (Purple Leaved Wood Spurge) · E. amygdaloides x characias 'Red Martin' (Spurge) · E. amygdaloides x characias 'Rudolph' (Wood Spurge) · E. amygdaloides 'Craigieburn' (Spurge) · E. amygdaloides 'Rubra' (Perennial Wood Spurge) · E. angustiflora (Euphorbia) · E. ankarensis (Euphorbia) · E. anoplia (Euphorbia) · E. antisyphilitica (Candelilla) · E. antso (Euphorbia) · E. aphylla (Leafless Spurge) · E. appariciana (Euphorbia) · E. arceuthobioides (Euphorbia) · E. argillicola (Euphorbia) · E. arida (Euphorbia) · E. asthenacantha (Euphorbia) · E. atrispina (Euphorbia) · E. atropurpurea (Spurge) · E. atroviridis (Euphorbia) · E. attastoma (Euphorbia) · E. attastoma var. xanthochlora (Euphorbia) · E. aureoviridiflora (Euphorbia) · E. avasmontana (Euphorbia) · E. baioensis (Euphorbia) · E. ballyana (Euphorbia) · E. balsamifera (Euphorbia) · E. balsamifera var. adenensis (Euphorbia) · E. barnardii (Euphorbia) · E. baylissii (Euphorbia) · E. beharensis var. adpressifolia (Euphorbia) · E. beharensis var. guillemetii (Euphorbia) · E. bemarahaensis (Euphorbia) · E. bicolor (Snow On the Prairie) · E. bifurcata (Forked Spurge) · E. bilobata (Black-Seed Spurge) · E. bongensis (Euphorbia) · E. bongolavensis (Euphorbia) · E. borenensis (Euphorbia) · E. bosseri (Euphorbia) · E. bothae (Euphorbia) · E. bourgaeana (Euphorbia) · E. bourgeanana (Spurge) · E. brachycera (Horned Spurge) · E. brakdamensis (Euphorbia) · E. breviarticulata (False Cow Horn) · E. brevirama (Euphorbia) · E. brevitorta (Euphorbia) · E. brunellii (Euphorbia) · E. bubalina (Euphorbia) · E. bupleurifolia (Euphorbia) · E. burmannii (Euphorbia) · E. buruana (Euphorbia) · E. cactus (Euphorbia) · E. caducifolia (Euphorbia) · E. canariensis (Canary Island Spurge) · E. candelabrum (Euphorbia) · E. cap-manambatoensis (Euphorbia) · E. capsaintemariensis (Euphorbia) · E. capuroni (Euphorbia) · E. caput-medusae (Medusa Head) · E. cattimandoo (Euphorbia) · E. caudicifolia (Euphorbia) · E. cedrorum (Euphorbia) · E. chamaesula (Mountain Spurge) · E. characias (Euphorbia) · E. characias wulfenii (Cushion Spurge) · E. characias wulfenii 'Jimmy Platt' (Mediterranean Spurge) · E. characias wulfenii 'John Tomlinson' (Mediterranean Spurge) · E. characias wulfenii 'Lambrook Gold' (Mediterranean Spurge) · E. characias wulfenii 'Purpurea' (Mediterranean Spurge) · E. characias 'Tasmanian Tiger' (Tasmanian Tiger Euphorbia) · E. charleswilsoniana (Euphorbia) · E. clandestina (Euphorbia) · E. classenii (Euphorbia) · E. clava (Euphorbia) · E. clavarioides (Euphorbia) · E. clavigera (Euphorbia) · E. clivicola (Euphorbia) · E. coerulescens (Sweet Noor) · E. colliculina (Euphorbia) · E. columnaris (Euphorbia) · E. commutata (Tinted Euphorbia) · E. comosa (Euphorbia) · E. compressa (Rampressa Euphorbia)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 264.
- Checklist of CITES Species CITES, WCMC url p. 278.
- Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 283, p. 290.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed February 5, 2012.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5784580
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-78254
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:906067-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 979345
