Eucalyptus botryoides

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Myrtaceae

Trees or shrubs , evergreen , usually with essential oils-containing cavities in foliage , branchlets , and flowers. Stipules absent or small and caducous . Leaves opposite, occasionally alternate, occasionally ternate or pseudo-whorled; leaf blade with secondary veins pinnate or basal, often with intramarginal veins near margin , margin usually entire. Inflorescences axillary or terminal , cymose but variously arranged, 1- to many-flowered. Flowers bisexual , sometimes polygamous, actinomorphic . Hypanthium usually adnate to ovary and prolonged above it. Calyx lobes (3 or) 4 or 5 or more, distinct or connate into a calyptra. Petals 4 or 5, sometimes absent, distinct or connate into a calyptra, sometimes coherent and pseudocalyptrate. Stamens usually numerous , in 1 to several whorls; filaments distinct or connate into 5 bundles opposite petals; anthers 2-celled, dorsifixed or basifixed , dehiscing longitudinally or rarely terminally; connectives usually terminating in 1 or more apical glands . Ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or very rarely superior, carpels 2 to more, locules 1 to many, pseudoseptum sometimes present, placentation usually axile but occasionally parietal ; ovules 1 to several per locule. Style single; stigma single. Fruit a capsule, berry, drupaceous berry, or drupe, 1- to many-seeded. Seeds without endosperm or endosperm sparse and thin; testa cartilaginous or thinly membranous, sometimes absent; embryo straight or curved .

About 130 genera and 4500-5000 species: Mediterranean region, sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar, tropical and temperate Asia, Australia, Pacific islands, tropical and South America; 10 genera (five introduced ) and 121 species (50 endemic, 32 introduced treated here) in China.

Many Myrtaceae are cultivated garden ornamentals , street trees, or plantation trees. Some members of tribe Syzygieae are grown as fruit crops. In addition to the cultivated members of the family treated here, some others grown in China include Acca sellowiana (O. Berg ) Burrett (Feijoa sellowiana (O. Berg) O. Berg), Myrtus communis Linnaeus, and Syncarpia glomulifera (Smith) Niedenzu.[1]

Genus Eucalyptus

Trees or shrubs . Bark smooth , fibrous , stringy, or tessellated. Leaves usually polymorphic with different juvenile and mature forms and sometimes with intermediate forms. Juvenile leaves opposite, 3 to several pairs, shortly petiolate or sessile; leaf blade often glaucous or with glandular trichomes ; juvenile foliage sometimes persisting throughout life of plant. Mature leaves alternate, petiolate; leaf blade usually leathery, secondary veins numerous , with intramarginal veins . Inflorescences axillary or clustered into terminal or axillary panicles, consisting of umbelliform condensed dichasia. Flowers bisexual . Hypanthium campanulate , obconic, or semiglobose, stipitate or not, apex usually truncate . Sepals rarely distinct . Petals connate , either adnate to sepals into a 1-layered calyptra or not adnate and then with connate sepals forming a 2-layered calyptra; calyptra deciduous at anthesis . Stamens numerous, usually distinct, in several whorls with outer whorl usually sterile ; anthers 2-celled, parallel or oblique , elliptic , ovate , cordate, or bifurcate , dehiscing longitudinally or occasionally poricidally. Ovary adnate to hypanthium, 2-7-loculed; ovules numerous. Style persistent . Whole or most of capsule included in expanded hypanthium; disk often well developed; valves exserted from hypanthium, equaling hypanthium rim, or included in hypanthium. Seeds numerous, many sterile and undeveloped , developed seeds ovate or angular; testa rigid , sometimes developed into wings .

About 700 species: mainly in Australia, with a minor representation in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines; about 110 species cultivated in China with only 25 major ones treated here.

The genus is treated here in the broad sense, i.e. , the segregate Corymbia is not recognized.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,701 meters (0 to 15,423 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space over 40' apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Eucalyptus botryoides var. platycarpa Blakely • Eucalyptus platypodos Cav. • Eucalyptus saligna botryoides (Sm.) Passioura & Ash • Eucalyptus saligna var. botryoides (Sm.) Maiden

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2004

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eucalyptus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 159 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

E. acaciiformis (Wattle-Leaved Peppermint) · E. aggregata (Rodway Black Gum) · E. alba (White Eucalyptus) · E. albens (White Box) · E. albida (White-Leaved Mallee) · E. albopurpurea (Coffin Bay Mallee) · E. alpina (Grampian Stringybark) · E. andrewsii (New England Ash) · E. angulosa (Kwaral) · E. angustissima (Narrow-Leaved Mallee) · E. apiculata (Narrow-Leaved Mallee Ash) · E. approximans (Barren Mountain Mallee) · E. archeri (Apple Cider Gum) · E. aspratilis (Flat-Topped Yate) · E. badjensis (Badja Gum Tree) · E. baeuerlenii (Baeuerlens Gum) · E. barberi (Barbers Gum Tree) · E. baxteri (Brown Stringybark) · E. blakelyi (Blakelys Red Gum) · E. botryoides (Bangalay) · E. bridgesiana (Apple Box) · E. brookeriana (Brookers Gum) · E. burdettiana (Burdetts Gum) · E. caesia (Gungurru) · E. caesia magna (Silver Princess) · E. caesia 'Magna' (Silver Princess Gum) · E. caliginosa (Broad-Leaved Stringybark) · E. calophylla (Redgum) · E. calycogona (Gooseberry Mallee) · E. camaldulensis (Red Gum) · E. camaldulensis var. obtusa (Red River Gum) · E. campaspe (Silver Gimlet) · E. camphora (Broad-Leaved Sallee) · E. cannonii (Capertree Stringybark) · E. cernua (Red-Flowered Moort) · E. cinerea (Argyle Apple) · E. cladocalyx (Sugar Gum) · E. cladocalyx var. nana (Dwarf Sugar Gum) · E. cloeziana (Gympie Messmate) · E. coccifera (Tasmanian Snow Gum) · E. conferruminata (Busy Yate) · E. consideniana (Prickly Stringybark) · E. cordata (Heart-Leaved Silver Gum) · E. cornuta (Yate) · E. coronata (Crowned Mallee) · E. crebra (Narrow-Leaved Red Ironbark) · E. crenulata (Buxton Gum) · E. crucis (Silver Mallee) · E. curtisii (Plunkett Mallee) · E. cyanophylla (Blue-Leaved Mallee) · E. cylindriflora (White Mallee) · E. cypellocarpa (Monkey Gum) · E. dealbata (Hill Gum) · E. deanei (Deanes Gum) · E. debeuzevillei (Jonama Snow Gum) · E. deglupta (Indonesian Gum) · E. diversicolor (Karri) · E. doratoxylon (Spearwood Mallee) · E. effusa (Rough-Barked Gimlet) · E. elata (River Peppermint) · E. erythrocorys (Illyarrie) · E. forrestiana (Fuchsia Gum) · E. fruticetorum (Eucalyptus) · E. gamophylla (Blue-Leaved Mallee) · E. gillii (Arkaroola Mallee) · E. glaucescens (Tingiringi Gum) · E. globoidea (White Stringybark) · E. globulus (Blue Gum) · E. globulus bicostata (Eurabbie) · E. globulus globulus (Bluegum Eucalyptus) · E. globulus globulus var. globulus (Tasmanian Blue Gum) · E. globulus maidenii (Maiden´s Gum) · E. gomphocephala (Tuart) · E. goniocalyx (Mountain Graygum) · E. grandis (Flooded Gum) · E. gregsoniana (Mallee Snow Gum) · E. grossa (Coarse-Leaved Mallee) · E. gunnii (Cider Gum) · E. gunnii 'Blue Ice' (Cider Gum) · E. gunnii 'Silver Drop' (Cider Gum) · E. haemastoma (Scribbly Gum) · E. halophila (Eucalyptus) · E. intertexta (Red Box) · E. jacksonii (Red Tingle) · E. kitsoniana (Bog Gum) · E. kruseana (Bookleaf Mallee) · E. lansdowneana (Box) · E. largiflorens (Black Box) · E. lehmannii (Bushy Yate) · E. leucoxylon (Eucalyptus) · E. leucoxylon leucoxylon (White Iron Bark) · E. leucoxylon var. Rosea (Yellow Gum) · E. loxophleba loxophleba (Eucalyptus) · E. macrocarpa (Blue Bush) · E. marginata (Jarrah) · E. microcorys (Australian Tallow Wood) · E. microtheca (Coolibah) · E. moorei nana (Little Sally) · E. morrisbyi (Morrisby's Gum) · E. mortoniana (Morton Eucalyptus)

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Further Reading

• A critical revision of the genus Eucalyptus, by J.H. Maiden. Sydney, Gullick, 1903-33. url , p. 138, p. 138, p. 192, p. 250, p. 257, p. 324, p. 336, p. 376, p. 475, p. 53, p. 55, p. 57, p. 60, p. 70, p. 76, p. 79, p. 79.
• A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees, and shrubs, by William Miller; in two parts, English-Latin and Latin-English. London, J. Murray, 1884. url p. 81.
• A research on the eucalypts, especially in regard to their essential oils, SydneyW.A. Gullick, Govt. Printer1920 url p. 16, p. 38, p. 401, p. 405, p. 466.
• A research on the eucalypts: especially in regard to their essential oils / by Richard T. Baker and Henry G. Smith. Sydney: Pub. by authority of the government of the state of New South Wales, W.A. Gullick, government printer, 1920. url , , p. 16, p. 38, p. 401, p. 405, p. 466.
• American breeders magazine / American Breeders Association. [Washington, D.C.: ]The Association, url p. 191.
• Botanical abstracts. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co. url p. 203.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Forestry. Washington: G.P.O., 1902-1905. url , , , , p. 103, p. 53, p. 8, p. 85, p. 87.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url p. 23.
• Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United by L. H. Bailey. .. assisted by William Miller. .. and many expert cultivators and botanists. London: The Macmillan company, 1909. url p. 1846.
• Eucalyptographia. A descriptive atlas of the eucalypts of Australia and the adjoining islands; by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. .. Melbourne, J. Ferres, government printer, 1883. url , , , , , , , , , , , .
• Eucalypts cultivated in the United States / by Alfred James McClatchie. Washington: G.P.O., 1902. url , p. 103, p. 53, p. 8, p. 9.
• Eucalyptus, Los Angeles, Cal., B. R. Baumgardt & co., 1895. url , p. 111, p. 112, p. 128, p. 205, p. 245, p. 250, p. 272, p. 275, p. 28, p. 294.
• Eucalyptus, by Abbot Kinney. Los Angeles, Cal., B.R. Baumgardt, 1895. url , p. 111, p. 112, p. 116, p. 128, p. 129, p. 189, p. 205, p. 245, p. 250, p. 272, p. 275, p. 28, p. 294.
• Eucalyptus: its history, growth, and utilization / by C.H. Sellers. Sacramento: A.J. Johnston, 1910. url p. 21, p. 87.
• Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 301.
• Forest culture and eucalyptus trees, San FranciscoCubery1876 url p. 478, p. 560.
• Garden and forest; a journal of horticulture, landscape art and forestry. New York: The Garden and forest publishing co., 1888-97. url p. 251.
• Indian trees: an account of trees, shrubs, woody climbers, bamboos, and palms indigenous or commonly cultivated in the British Indian empire / London: A. Constable, 1906. url p. 328.
• International review of the science and practice of agriculture. Rome: International Institute of Agriculture, Bureau of Agricultural Intelligence and Plant Diseases, 1916-1926. url p. 1127.
• Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. London: The Society, 1866-1975. url p. 251.
• Key to the system of Victorian plants. .. By Baron Ferd. von Mueller. .. Melbourne, R.S. Bain, government printer, 1885-88. url p. 539.
• Nature. London, etc., Macmillan Journals Ltd., etc. url p. 399, p. 525.
• New and little known trees suitable for Southern California avenues [by] Dr. C.F. Franceschi. .. [Claremont, Cal.]1911. url p. 204.
• Pamphlets on forestry in California. [1900?- url p. 339, p. 95.
• Pamphlets on forestry in Hawaii. [1900?- url p. 47, p. 48, p. 64.
• Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 620.
• Pamphlets on the lumber industry. [1900?- url p. 121.
• Pamphlets. MelbourneGovt. Printer, 1918-42. url p. 14.
• Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url p. 31.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 11.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url , , , p. 100, p. 115, p. 121, p. 121, p. 130, p. 132, p. 135, p. 136, p. 137, p. 137, p. 138, p. 167, p. 175, p. 191, p. 21, p. 224, p. 234, p. 235, p. 25, p. 276, p. 277, p. 29, p. 292, p. 293, p. 39, p. 429, p. 49, p. 502, p. 505, p. 508, p. 764, p. 903.
• Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. Melbourne: The Society, 1889- url p. 90.
• Report of the Australian Association for the advancement of Science. Sidney, The Association. url p. 274, p. 298, p. 299, p. 728, p. 752.
• Report of the Board of Commissioners of Agriculture and Forestry of the Territory of Hawaii for the period. .. Honolulu. url p. 47.
• Report on the Natal forests. .. [S.l.: s.n.], 1889. url p. 185.
• Report on the forests of British East Africa. LondonPrinted for His Majesty's Stationery Off. by Darling1909 url p. 118.
• Seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1903-1913. url p. 13, p. 31, p. 51, p. 52, p. 97.
• Select extra-tropical plants readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation with indications of their native countries and some of their uses / by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Melbourne: R. S. Brain, govt. printer, 1895. url p. 192, p. 210, p. 631, p. 168, p. 174, p. 571, p. 580, p. 587.
• Select extra-tropical plants, readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation, with indications of their native countries and some of their uses. By Baron Ferd. von Mueller. .. Sydney, T. Richards, government printer, 1881. url p. 116, p. 395.
• The Australian zoologist. Sydney, Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales url p. 188, p. 344, p. 347.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 294, p. 401, p. 557, p. 687, p. 790, p. 99.
• The Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Victoria. [Melbourne]:Dept. of Agriculture, Victoria, 1902-1955. url p. 725.
• The Victorian naturalist. [Melbourne]Field Naturalists Club of Victoria. url p. 114, p. 135, p. 168, p. 36.
• The century supplement to the dictionary of gardening, a practical and scientific encyclopaedia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists / by Geo. Nicholson. .. [et al.]. Hyde Park, Mass.: Geo. T. King; 1901. url p. 354.
• The concrete engineer's handbook; a convenient reference book for all persons interested in cement, plain and reinforced concerte, building construction, architecture, concrete blocks, mill building, office building, fireproof houses, Scranton, Pa., International Textbook Co., 1912. url p. 80.
• The silviculture of Indian trees. Published under the authority of His Majesty's Secretary of State for India in Council. OxfordClarendon Press1921 url p. 559, p. 563, p. 567, p. 569.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 382.
• The trees of Great Britain & Ireland / by Henry John Elwes and Augustine Henry. Edinburgh: Priv. print., 1906-13. url p. 1615.
• The useful native plants of Australia, (including Tasmania) by J. H. Maiden. Sydney, Turner and Henderson, 1889. url p. 240, p. 435.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 86.
• Transactions and proceedings of the Royal Society of South Australia (Incorporated). Adelaide: W.C. Rigby, 1912-1937. url p. 301.
• Transactions of the Royal Society of Victoria. Melbourne: The Society, 1888- url .
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 368, p. 573, p. 738, p. 782, p. 995.
• Wood, a manual of the natural history and industrial applications of the timbers of commerce. London, E. Arnold, 1902. url p. 238, p. 92.
• Wood; a manual of the natural history and industrial applications of the timbers of commerce. LondonE. Arnold1908 url p. 209, p. 210, p. 78.
• [Sa?o Paulo trees]. Antwerp: Laporte & Dosse, 191?-1916 url .
• Chang Hung-ta & Miau Ru-hwai. 1984. Myrtaceae. In: Chen Chieh, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 53(1): 28-135.
• Chang Hung-ta & Miau Ru-hwai. 1984. Myrtaceae. In: Chen Chieh, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 53(1): 28-135.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.
• "Eucalyptus botryoides". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 323, 325. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist. Release date: August 1, 2007
• Nghia, N.H. 1998. Dalbergia entadoides. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Nielsen IC & Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS).
• Pippen, Jeffrey S. Jeff's Nature Page. Accessed December 8, 2007.
• Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
• Polhill RM, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• Rhytismatales database 2006.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Schrire BD, 1994-10 (from ILDIS).
• Sokoloff DD, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
• Stirton CH, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• Thomson, Christian (from Diptera).
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
• Vaz AMSF, 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Adenanthera intermedia. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• van der Maesen LJG, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 30, 2008:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Extremadura, UNEX
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2667007
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: IOP-455680
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13690567
• GRIN Nomen Number: 15857
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 502462
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 2518-3
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDMRT020B0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: EUBO2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 38575

Footnotes

1. Jie Chen & Lyn A. Craven "Myrtaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 321. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Eucalyptus". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 321. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 266.750 meters (875.164 feet), Standard Deviation = 486.500 based on 60,565 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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