Eschscholzia glyptosperma

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Papaveraceae

Herbs or subshrubs , shrubs , or small trees , annual , biennial, or perennial , scapose or caulescent , usually from taproots , sometimes from rhizomes; sap clear, white, or colored , often sticky. Stems leafy or naked, erect , spreading , or decumbent , simple or branching. Leaves basal and/or cauline, alternate to opposite or whorled , simple, without stipules, petiolate or sessile; blade unlobed or with 1-3 odd-pinnate, subpalmate, or palmate orders of lobes . Inflorescences axillary or terminal , unifloral or else multifloral and cymiform, racemose, umbelliform, corybiform, or paniculate , pedunculate or subsessile ; bracts usually present. Flowers radially symmetric , pedicellate or sessile; receptacle sometimes expanded and forming cup or ring beneath calyx (only in Eschscholzia, Meconella, and Platystemon ) ; perianth and androecium sometimes perigynous; sepals caducous , 2 or 3, distinct or connate , usually obovate ; petals distinct, usually obovate, mostly 2 times number of sepals, sometimes more or absent; stamens many or 4-15 (only in Meconella and Canbya ) ; anthers 2-locular; pistil 1, 2-18[-22]-carpellate; ovary 1-2-locular or incompletely to completely multilocular by placental intrusion; placentas 2 or more, parietal ; style 1 or absent; stigmas or stigma lobes 2-many. Fruits capsular , dehiscence valvate , poricidal , or transverse , or carpels dissociating and breaking transversely into 1-seeded segments (only in Platystemon ) . Seeds usually many, small, sometimes arillate or carunculate.

Genera 25-30 (17 genera, 63 species in the flora ) : worldwide, mainly Northern Hemisphere.

According to W. R. Ernst (1962b), Papaveraceae "may be divided conveniently into four subfamilies." His scheme is followed here, but with the subfamilies taken up in alphabetic order; they seem to be natural groups, but their phylogenetic interrelationships are not yet clear. Similarly, the evolutionary relationships within the subfamilies remain ambiguous, and the genera in each are listed alphabetically. Subfamily Chelidonioideae Ernst includes genera 1-5; subf. Eschscholzioideae Ernst, genera 6-7; subf. Papavaroideae Ernst, genera 8-14; and subf. Platostamenoideae Ernst, genera 15-17.[1]

Genus Eschscholzia

Herbs, annual or perennial , scapose or caulescent , from taproots ; sap colorless or clear orange. Stems leafy. Leaves alternate, basal and sometimes cauline, petiolate ; blade 1-4× pinnately deeply lobed , lobes of each order usually 3; ultimate lobes narrow. Inflorescences terminal , cymose with bracts present, or 1-flowered. Flowers: receptacle dilated , forming cup beneath calyx, sometimes with free rim ; perianth and androecium perigynous; sepals 2, connate , calyptrate , deciduous as unit ; petals 4, rarely more (doubled flowers), obovate to obcuneate , with satin sheen from microscopic linear grooves ; stamens 12-many; pistil 2-carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style absent; stigmas 4-8, spreading , linear. Fruits capsular , cylindric , 2-valved, dehiscing from base along placentas, often explosively. Seeds many, tan, brown, or black, spheric to ovoid , reticulate , ridged and burlike, or pitted , aril absent. x = 6, 7.

Species 12: w North America (United States), nw Mexico.

Eschscholzia species are introduced from cultivation elsewhere in warm-temperate regions worldwide.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Desert washes, flats, slopes ; 50-1500 m [3].

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eschscholzia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 40 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

E. caespitosa (Collarless California Poppy) · E. caespitosa 'Sundew' (Collarless California Poppy) · E. californica (California Goldenpoppy) · E. californica mexicana (California Goldenpoppy) · E. californica var. luxurians (California-Poppy) · E. californica 'Alba' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Apricot Chiffon' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Apricot Flambeau' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Aurantiaca Orange' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Ballerina' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Golden King' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Golden West' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Jersey Cream' (California Poppy) · E. californica subsp. mexicana (Mexican Goldenpoppy) · E. californica 'Mikado' (California Poppy Red) · E. californica 'Mission Bells' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Purple Gleam' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Red Chief' (Red California Poppy) · E. californica 'Rose Chiffon' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Strawberry Fields' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Summer Sorbet' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Thai Silk Fire Bush' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Thai Silk Lemon Bush' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'Thai Silk Rose Bush' (California Poppy) · E. californica 'White Linen' (California Poppy) · E. ciliata (Ciliate Poppy) · E. glyptosperma (Desert Goldenpoppy) · E. hypecoides (San Benito Poppy) · E. lemmonii (Lemmon Poppy) · E. lemmonii subsp. kernensis (Tejon Poppy) · E. lobbii (Frying Pans) · E. mexicana mexicana (Mexican Goldenpoppy) · E. minutiflora covillei (Pygmy Goldenpoppy) · E. minutiflora twisselmannii (Pygmy Goldenpoppy) · E. minutiflora subsp. covillei (Coville's Goldenpoppy) · E. minutiflora subsp. twisselmannii (Red Rock Poppy) · E. parishii (Parish's Poppy) · E. ramosa (Channel Island Poppy) · E. rhombipetala (Diamond-Petal California Poppy) · E. 'Tropical Punch Mix' (California Poppy)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 452.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 41 1981 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 33.
• Ernst, W. R. 1962. A Comparative Morphology of the Papaveraceae. Ph.D. dissertation. Stanford University.
• Ernst, W. R. 1962b. The genera of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 43: 315-343.
• Ernst, W. R. 1967. Floral morphology and systematics of Platystemon and its allies Hesperomecon and Meconella (Papaveraceae: Platystemonoideae). Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 47: 25-70.
• Fedde, F. 1936. Papaveraceae. In: H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 2. 26+ vols. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 17b, pp. 5-145.
• Fedde, F. 1909. Papaveraceae-Hypecoideae et Papaveraceae-Papaveroideae. In: H. G. A. Engler, ed. 1900-1953. Das Pflanzenreich. 107 vols. Berlin. Vol. 40[IV,104], pp. 1-430.
• Grey-Wilson, C. 1993. Poppies: A Guide to the Poppy Family in the Wild and in Cultivation. Portland.
• Gunn, C. R. 1980. Seeds and fruits of Papaveraceae and Fumariaceae. Seed Sci. Techn. 8: 3-58.
• Gunn, C. R. and M. J. Seldin. 1976. Seeds and Fruits of North American Papaveraceae. Washington. [U.S.D.A. Agric. Res. Serv., Techn. Bull. 1517.]
• Harms, H. 1936. Reihe Rhoeadales. In: H. G. A. Engler et al., eds. 1924+. Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien, ed. 2. 26+ vols. Leipzig and Berlin. Vol. 17b, pp. 1-4.
• Hutchinson, J. 1925. Contributions towards a phylogenetic classification of flowering plants: V. The genera of Papaveraceae. Bull. Misinform. Kew 1925: 161-168.
• Kadereit, J. W. 1993. Papaveraceae. In: K. Kubitzki et al., eds. 1990+. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 2+ vols. Berlin etc. Vol. 2, pp. 494-506.
• Stermitz, F. R. 1968. Alkaloid chemistry and the systematics of Papaver and Argemone. Recent Advances Phytochem. 1: 161-183.
• Clark, C. and J. A. Jernstedt. 1978. Systematic studies of Eschscholzia (Papaveraceae). II. Seed coat microsculpturing. Syst. Bot. 3: 386-402.
• Ernst, W. R. 1964b. The genus Eschscholzia in the south Coast Ranges of California. Madroño 17: 281-294.
• Greene, E. L. 1905b. Revision of Eschscholtzia. Pittonia 5: 205-308.
• Lewis, H. and R. Snow. 1951. A cytotaxonomic approach to Eschscholzia. Madroño 11: 141-143.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 25, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2645707
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-18958
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13731293
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:672773-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 448163
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 18958
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 672773-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDPAP0A050
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ESGL
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 38529

Footnotes

1. Robert W. Kiger "Papaveraceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Curtis Clark "Eschscholzia". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Eschscholzia glyptosperma". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.