| Your Home Page | Contact Us |

• Taxonomy
• Physical Description
• Distribution
• Reproduction
• Growth
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes
• Keep Exploring

Overview:

Ornamental tree from India, flowering without the leaves in January and February; flowers deep red.

Taxonomy

Ambiguous Synonyms:

1. Erythrina humeana Sprengel

Unambiguous Synonyms:

1. Chirocalyx candolleanus Walp.
2. Chirocalyx divaricatus Walp.
3. Chirocalyx indicus Walp.
4. Chirocalyx pictus Walp.
5. Corallodendron divaricatum (Moc. & Sesse)Kuntze
6. Corallodendron orientale (L.)Kuntze
7. Corallodendron spathaceum (DC.)Kuntze
8. Erythrina alba Cogn. & Marchal
9. Erythrina boninensis Tuyama
10. Erythrina carnea Blanco
11. Erythrina corallodendron Lour.
12. Erythrina corallodendron var. orientalis L.
13. Erythrina divaricata DC.
14. Erythrina indica Lam.
15. Erythrina indica var. alba W.S.Millard & Blatt.
16. Erythrina indica var. fastigiata Guill.
17. Erythrina indica var. orientalis (L.)Merr.
18. Erythrina lithosperma Miq.
19. Erythrina lobulata Miq.
20. Erythrina loueiri G.Don
21. Erythrina loureiri G.Don
22. Erythrina loureirii G.Don
23. Erythrina marmorata Planch.
24. Erythrina mysorensis Gamble
25. Erythrina orientalis (L.)Merr.
26. Erythrina parcelli hort.
27. Erythrina parcellii W.Bull
28. Erythrina phlebocarpa Bailey
29. Erythrina picta L.
30. Erythrina rostrata Ridl.
31. Erythrina spathacea DC.
32. Erythrina variegata var. orientalis (L.)Merr.
33. Gelala alba Rumph.
34. Gelala litorea Rumph.
35. Tetradapa javanorum Osbeck

Notes:

Name Status: Accepted Name. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: –

Place of publication: Herb. amb. 10. 1754 (Amoen. acad. 4:122. 1759)

Name verified on 15-Mar-1987 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 27-Nov-2006

Physical Description

Family Fabaceae:

The Fabaceae are herbs, vines, shrubs, trees, and lianas found in both temperate and tropical areas. They comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants, numbering 630 genera and 18,000 species. The leaves are stipulate, nearly always alternate, and range from bipinnately or palmately compound to simple. The petiole base is commonly enlarged into a pulvinus that commonly functions in orientation of the leaves (sometimes very responsively, as in the sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica). The flowers are usually bisexual, actinomorphic to zygomorphic, slightly to strongly perigynous, and commonly in racemes, spikes, or heads. The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The androecium consists of commonly 1- many stamens (most commonly 10), distinct or variously united, sometimes some of them reduced to staminodes. The pistil is simple, often stipitate, comprising a single style and stigma, and a superior ovary with one locule containing 2-many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume, sometimes a samara, loment, follicle, indehiscent pod, achene, drupe, or berry. The seeds often have a hard coat with hourglass-shaped cells, and sometimes bear a u-shaped line called a pleurogram. [Carr]

Subfamily Faboideae:

Mostly herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves pinnate or palmate to trifoliolate or apparently simple. Corolla usually, showy, zygomorphic, the petals imbricate, posterior (upper or banner) petal outermost in bud. Stamens 10 or 9 + 1 (diadelphous), not showy. Pollen released in monads. Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) lacking. [Carr]

Genus Erythrina:

Trees, shrubs or undershrubs; branches often prickly. Leaf pinnately trifoliolate; stipels glandular; stipules small. Inflorescence axillary or terminal racemes, flowers usually clustered, scarlet, showy. Calyx with an oblique mouth, splitting down to the base or campanulate, bilabiate. Vexillum much longer than the wing and the keel. Stamens mono or diadelphous, vexillary stamen free nearly to the base or connate with others, anthers uniform. Ovary stipitate, many-ovuled, style incurved, stigma small, terminal. Fruit stipitate, torulose, falcate.

A genus with about 108 species (Krukoff & Barneby l.c.), tropical and sub-tropical in distribution; locally represented by 3 species.^[1]

Habit: Deciduous.

Flowers: Bloom Period: January, February. • Flower Color: red

Images:

Distribution

Range and Population

Native: .

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 20-30' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 11. (map)

Similar Species

Members of the genus Erythrina:

There are approximately 238 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: E. lanata occidentalis · E. abyssinia · E. abyssinica (Coral Tree) · E. abyssinica abyssinica · E. acanthocarpa (Tambookie Thorn) · E. acanthophora · E. acunae · E. adansonii · E. addisoniae · E. altissima · E. amazonica · E. americana (Naked Coral Tree) · E. ankaranensis · E. arborescens · E. argentea · E. atitlanensis · E. barqueroana · E. batolobium · E. baumii · E. bequaertii · E. berenices · E. berineces · E. berteriana (Machete) · E. berteroana (Amapola De Cerca) · E. bidwillii (Amapola) · E. bisetosa · E. blakei · E. bracteata · E. brateata · E. breviflora · E. breviflora f. oaxacana · E. breviflora f. petraea · E. brucei · E. buchii · E. burana · E. burttii · E. caffra · E. caribaea · E. castillejiflora · E. chiapasana (Pipal) · E. chiriquensis (Erythrina) · E. citronella · E. cobanensis · E. cochleata · E. coddii · E. comosa · E. compacta · E. constantiana · E. corallodendron (Amapola) · E. corallodendron var. bicolor · E. corallodendron var. connata · E. corallodendron var. corallodendron · E. coralloides (Naked Coral Tree) · E. cordifolia · E. costa-ricensis · E. costaricensis · E. crista-galli (Brazillian Coral Tree) · E. crista-galli 'Compacta' · E. crista-galli var. corallina · E. cubensis · E. cuneata · E. dariensis · E. decora · E. dominguezii (Seibo Rosado) · E. dominquezii · E. droogmansiana · E. dybowskii · E. dyeri · E. edulis · E. eggersii (Cock's Spur) · E. elenae · E. elenae · E. erythrostachia · E. esculata · E. euodiphylla · E. excelsa · E. falcata (Brazilian Coral Tree) · E. fastigiata · E. fissa · E. flabelliformis (Colorines) · E. florenciae · E. folkersii (Coral Tree) · E. fulcata · E. fusca (Amapola) · E. gibbosa · E. gilletii · E. globocalyx · E. goldmanii · E. greenwayi · E. grisebachii · E. guatemalensis (Pito) · E. guineensis · E. haerdii · E. hamiltoniana · E. hazombay · E. hazomboay · E. hennessyae · E. herbacea (Cardinal Spear) · E. herbacea f. albiflora · E. herbacea nigrorosea

Bibliography

• Agroforestry.net. The traditional tree initiative: species profiles for Pacific Island agroforestry - on-line resource. (Trad Tree Init)
• Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1960–. Flore du Cambodge du Laos et du Viet-Nam. (F CambLVN)
• Englert, J. M. et al. 1999–. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators. (NRCS Cons Pl Mat)
• Howard, R. 1974–1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles. (F LAnt) [introd.].
• Huang, S. F. & T. C. Huang. 1987. Taxonomic treatment of the Papilionoideae (Leguminosae) of Taiwan. Taiwania 32:11-117. (Leg Taiwan) [var. orientalis (L.) Merr.].
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
• Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby. 1974. Conspectus of species of the genus Erythrina. Lloydia 37:431.
• Krukoff, B. A. 1972. J. Arnold Arbor. 53:132–136.
• Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption. (L Edible Pl)
• Lazarides, M. & B. Hince. 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Economic Plants of Australia. (Econ Pl Aust)
• Lewis, G. P. 1987. Legumes of Bahia. (Leg Bahia)
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• Lock, J. M. 1989. Legumes of Africa: a checklist. (Leg Africa)
• McGuffin, M. et al., eds. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
• Smith, A. C. 1979–1991. Flora vitiensis nova. (F Viti)
• Tietz, S. 1988 Mitt. Bot.S taatssamml. Munchen 27:135-380. Astragalus.
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr)
• Verdcourt, B. 1979. A manual of New Guinea legumes. (Leg NewGuin)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CA L | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
• Translate this page using Google: Arabic | Chinese | Deutsch | Espa�ol | Fran�ais | Italiano | Japanese | Korean | Portugu�s

Notes

Contributors:

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed November 7, 2006.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 02, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 11 providers.
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)

Data Sources:

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 02, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea

Identifiers:

• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 502440
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13634285
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:90135-3
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDFAB1M0H0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ERVAO
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 38472

Footnotes:

1. "Erythrina". in Flora of Pakistan Page 235. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.