Erythrina herbacea

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Erythrina

Trees , shrubs or undershrubs; branches often prickly. Leaf pinnately trifoliolate ; stipels glandular ; stipules small. Inflorescence axillary or terminal racemes , flowers usually clustered, scarlet, showy. Calyx with an oblique mouth , splitting down to the base or campanulate , bilabiate. Vexillum much longer than the wing and the keel. Stamens mono or diadelphous , vexillary stamen free nearly to the base or connate with others, anthers uniform . Ovary stipitate , many-ovuled, style incurved , stigma small, terminal. Fruit stipitate, torulose , falcate .

A genus with about 108 species (Krukoff & Barneby l.c.), tropical and sub-tropical in distribution; locally represented by 3 species.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,401 meters (0 to 7,877 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 36-48" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.1 • Maximum pH: 5.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Corallodendron herbaceum (L.) Kuntze • Corallodendron herbaceum (L.)kuntze • Erythrina arborea Small • Erythrina hederaefolia Spreng. • Erythrina herbacea var. arborea Chapman • Erythrina humilis Salisb. • Erythrina rubicunda Jacq. • Xyphanthus hederifolius Raf.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Climbing : Not climbing, Conservation Status: Not Threatened, Habit: Herb, Habit: Shrub , Habit: Tree , Lifespan: Perennial

Similar Species

Members of the genus Erythrina

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 50 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

E. abyssinica (Coral Tree) · E. abyssinica abyssinica (Erythrina) · E. acanthocarpa (Tambookie Thorn) · E. americana (Naked Coral Tree) · E. berteriana (Machete) · E. berteroana (Amapola De Cerca) · E. bidwillii (Amapola) · E. caffra (Cape Kaffirboom) · E. chiapasana (Pipal) · E. chiriquensis (Erythrina) · E. corallodendron (Amapola) · E. corallodendron var. bicolor (Bois Immortelle) · E. coralloides (Naked Coral Tree) · E. crista-galli (Brazillian Coral Tree) · E. dominguezii (Seibo Rosado) · E. edulis (Sachaporoto) · E. eggersii (Cock's-Spur) · E. falcata (Brazilian Coral Tree) · E. flabelliformis (Colorines) · E. folkersii (Coral Tree) · E. fusca (Amapola) · E. guatemalensis (Pito) · E. herbacea (Cardinal Spear) · E. humeana (Coral Bean) · E. indica (Indian Coral Tree) · E. indica var. picta (Samoan Sunshine Tree) · E. lanceolata (Machete Tree) · E. latissima (Broad-Leafed Coral Tree) · E. lysistemon (Common Coral Tree) · E. macrophylla (Machetillos) · E. mexicana (Pito) · E. mitis (Nourouc Sans pines) · E. poeppigiana (Anauca) · E. sandwicensis (Wili Wili) · E. senegalensis (Senegal Coraltree) · E. speciosa (Coral Tree) · E. speciosa 'Rosea' (Coral Tree) · E. standleyana (Chacmolche) · E. stricta (Coral-Tree) · E. suberosa (Coral Tree) · E. subumbrans (Erythrina) · E. sykesii (Coral Tree) · E. tahitensis (Oporavainui) · E. variegata (Amapola) · E. velutina (Bico-De-Papagaio) · E. verna (Mulungú) · E. vespertilio (Bat's Wing Coral Tree) · E. x bidwillii (Coral Tree) · E. x sykesii (Coral Tree) · E. zeyheri (Ploughbreaker)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A manual of gardening for Bengal and Upper India. By Thomas A. C. Firminger. .. Calcutta, Thacker, Spink and co.; [etc., etc.]1874. url p. 446.
• A practical guide to garden plants, containing descriptions of the hardiest and most beautiful annuals and biennials, hardy herbaceous and bulbous perennials, hardy water and bog plants, flowering and ornamental trees and shrubs, conife London;Longmans, Green, 1901. url , p. 351.
• A provisional host-index of the fungi of the United States, by W. G. Farlow and A. B. Seymour. Cambridge, 1888-91. url p. 26.
• A survey of natural areas in Brunswick County, North Carolina: for The North Carolina Natural Heritage Program, Coastal Natural Area Inventory Project / Raleigh: North Carolina Coastal Energy Impact Program, Office of Coastal Management, North Carolina Dept. of Natural Resources and Community Development, [1982?] url .
• Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 100, p. 219, p. 664.
• Annual report / Florida State Geological Survey. Tallahassee, Fla.: Capital Pub. Co., state printer, url p. 148, p. 276, p. 409.
• Annual report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. 1860 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, -1965. url p. 440.
• Annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1897- url p. 666.
• Annual wholesale catalogue of American trees, shrubs, plants and seeds: cultivated and for sale at the Linn©an Botanic Garden and Nurseries, near New-York / William Prince & Sons, proprietors. New York: s.n., 1832 url p. 199.
• Atlantic journal, and friend of knowledge in eight numbers: containing about 160 original articles and tracts on natural and historical sciences, the description of about 150 new plants, and 100 new animals or fossils; many vocabularies of Philadelphia: [s.n.], 1832-1833. url .
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 47 - 51 1980 - 19 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url p. 29.
• Bibliographical index to North American botany; or, Citations of authorities for all the recorded indigenous and naturalized species of the flora of North America, with a chronological arrangement of the synonymy. by Sereno Watson. Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 1878. url , p. 219, p. 463.
• Bulletin / Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1971. url p. 23.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. Washington: G.P.O., 1904-1916. url p. 152.
• Bulletin of the College of Charleston Museum. Charleston, S.C.: The Museum, 1905-1906. url p. 43, p. 75.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1902-1971. url p. 41.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 30 1903 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 292, p. 437.
• Bulletin, Gulf Biologic Station, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State Board of Agriculture and Immigration., 1902-1910. url p. 21, p. 4, p. 58.
• Bulletin: report of Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Auburn, Ala. Auburn, Ala.: The Station, [1888-1903] url p. 288, p. 394.
• Class-book of botany: being outlines of the structure, physiology and classification of plants; with a flora of the United States and Canada. New York, A.S. Barnes & Burr, 1861. url p. 322.
• Commercial gardening, a practical & scientific treatise for market gardeners, market growers, fruit, flower & vegetable growers, nurserymen, etc. By many practical specialists under the editorship of John Weathers. London, The Gresham publishing company, 1913. url p. 167.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 6 1901 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 114, p. 180, p. 499, p. 500, p. 579.
• Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium. 14 1980 Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan, 1939- url p. 129, p. 131.
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• Flora of the southern United States: containing an abridged description of the flowering plants and ferns of Tennessee, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida: arranged according to the natural system. Cambridge, Mass., Cambridge Botanical Supply Co., 1897. url p. 116.
• Florida wild flowers; an introduction to the flora of the Florida peninsula, by Mary Francis Baker, photographs by the author. New York, The Macmillan company, 1926. url p. 115.
• Forest conditions of Mississippi. [Jackson, Miss.]: Mississippi State Geological Survey, 1913. url p. 160, p. 163.
• Garden and forest; a journal of horticulture, landscape art and forestry. New York: The Garden and forest publishing co., 1888-97. url , p. 153, p. 251, p. 298, p. 347.
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• Garden flowers; how to cultivate them. A treatise on the culture of hardy ornamental trees, shrubs, annuals, herbaceous and bedding plants. By Edward Sprague Rand, jr.. .. Boston, J. E. Tilton and company, 1866. url p. 157.
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• Journal of the New York Entomological Society. Lawrence, Kan.: Allen Press [etc.] url p. 21, p. 22.
• Lawns and gardens. How to plant and beautify the home lot, the pleasure ground and garden, by N. Jönsson-Rose. With numerous plans and illustrations by the author. New York, G. P. Putnam, 1897. url p. 306.
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• Ornamental gardening in Florida, by Charles Torrey Simpson; a treatise on the decorative plants adapted to Florida and their cultivation, with suggestions for the ornamentation of Florida homes and grounds. Little River, Fla., The author, 1916. url p. 110, p. 110.
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• Plant life of Alabama, an account of the distribution, modes of association, and adaptations of the flora of Alabama, together with a systematic catalogue of the plants growing in the state. By Charles Mohr. .. Montgomery, Ala., Brown printing co., 1901. url p. 114, p. 579.
• Plant life of Alabama. An account of the distribution, modes of association, and adaptations of the flora of Alabama, together with a systematic catalogue of the plants growing in the state. Prepared in cooperationwith the Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1901. url .
• Plant life of Alabama: an account of the distribution, modes of association, and adaptations of the flora of Alabama, together with a systematic catalogue of the plants growing in the state / by Charles Mohr. Montgomery, Ala.: Brown Printing Co., 1901. url p. 114, p. 579.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:

• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• The New York Botanical Garden, Vascular Plant Type Specimens
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2650910
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-8788
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13641984
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:96601-2
• GRIN Nomen Number: 15748
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 26678
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDFAB1M070
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ERHE4
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 38465

Footnotes

1. "Erythrina". in Flora of Pakistan Page 235. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 72.350 meters (237.369 feet), Standard Deviation = 217.190 based on 216 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.