Erysimum alliaria

• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Description

Genus Erysimum

Herbs annual , biennial, or perennial , rarely subshrubs or shrubs . Trichomes sessile, medifixed , appressed , malpighiaceous or 3-5(-8) -rayed stellate . Stems simple or branched basally and/or apically. Basal leaves petiolate , rosulate, simple, entire or dentate , rarely pinnatifid or pinnatisect . Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile, cuneate or attenuate at base , rarely auriculate , entire or dentate. Racemes ebracteate or basally bracteate , rarely bracteate throughout, corymbose , elongated or not in fruit. Fruiting pedicels slender or thickened and nearly as wide as fruit, erect , ascending , divaricate , or reflexed . Sepals oblong or linear , erect, pubescent , base of lateral pair saccate or not. Petals yellow or orange, rarely white, pink, purple, or violet; blade suborbicular , obovate , spatulate , or oblong, apex rounded or emarginate ; claw differentiated from blade, subequaling or longer than sepals. Stamens 6, erect, tetradynamous ; anthers oblong or linear. Nectar glands 1, 2, or 4, distinct or confluent and subtending bases of all stamens; median glands present or absent. Ovules 15-100 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent siliques or rarely silicles , linear or rarely oblong, terete , 4-angled, latiseptate , or angustiseptate, sessile or rarely shortly stipitate ; valves with an obscure to prominent midvein , pubescent on outside, rarely also on inside, keeled or not, smooth or torulose ; replum rounded; septum complete , membranous, translucent or opaque , veinless; style obsolete or short, rarely half as long as or subequaling fruit, often pubescent; stigma capitate, entire or 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate or rarely biseriate , winged , margined , or wingless, oblong, plump or flattened; seed coat minutely reticulate , mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons incumbent or rarely accumbent .

About 150 species: N hemisphere, primarily in Asia and Europe, with 14 species in Central and North America and eight species in N Africa and Macaronesia; 17 species (five endemic) in China.[1]

Taxonomy

Similar Species

Members of the genus Erysimum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 71 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

E. ammophilum (Coast Wallflower) · E. angustatum (Contra Coasta Wallflower) · E. arenicola (Cascade Wallflower) · E. arenicola S.Watson var. arenicola S.Watson (Cascade Wallflower) · E. arenicola S.Watson var. torulosum (Piper) C.L.Hitchc. (Cascade Wallflower) · E. arenicola var. arenicola (Cascade Wallflower) · E. arenicola var. torulosum (Cascade Wallflower) · E. capitatum (Alpine Wallflower) · E. capitatum subsp. angustatum (Contra Costa Wallflower) · E. capitatum angustatum var. angustatum (Western Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. angustatum (Contra Costa Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. bealianum (Sanddune Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. capitatum (Sanddune Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. lompocense (San Luis Obispo Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. lompocense (G.Rossb.) Kartesz, comb. nov. ined. (San Luis Obispo Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. perenne (Sanddune Wallflower) · E. capitatum var. purshii (Purshs Wallflower) · E. cheiranthoides (Treacle Wallflower) · E. cheiri (Aegean Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Blood Red' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Fair Lady Mix' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Harpur Crewe' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Ivory White' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Jane's Derision' (Aegean Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Persian Carpet Mix' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Ruby Gem' (English Wallflower) · E. cheiri 'Vulcan' (English Wallflower) · E. durum (Hard Wallflower) · E. franciscanum (San Francisco Wallflower) · E. franciscanum var. franciscanum (San Francisco Wallflower) · E. glandulosum (Jewelflower) · E. helveticum (Tufted Wallflower) · E. hieraciifolium (European Wallflower) · E. hirsutum (Hairy Rockcress) · E. holboellii (Holboell's Rockcress) · E. inconspicuum (Shy Wallflower) · E. inconspicuum (S.Watson) MacM. var. coarctatum (Fern.) G.Rossb. (Shy Wallflower) · E. inconspicuum var. coarctatum (Shy Wallflower) · E. inconspicuum var. inconspicuum (Shy Wallflower) · E. insulare (Island Wallflower) · E. insulare insulare (Island Wallflower) · E. insulare suffrutescens (Island Wallflower) · E. kotschyanum (Kotschy Erysimum) · E. linifolium (Alpine Wallflower) · E. linifolium 'Julian Orchard' (Alpine Wallflower) · E. linifolium 'Variegatum' (Variegated Wallflower) · E. linifolium 'Wenlock Beauty' (Alpine Wallflower) · E. menziesii (Coast Wallflower) · E. menziesii menziesii (Coast Wallflower) · E. menziesii yadonii (Menzies' Wallflower) · E. occidentale (Pale Wallflower) · E. odoratum (Smelly Wallflower) · E. pallasii (Pallas Wallflower) · E. pallasii var. bracteosum (Pallas' Wallflower) · E. pallasii var. ochroleucum (Pallas' Wallflower) · E. pallasii var. pallasii (Pallas' Wallflower) · E. perofskianum (Afghan Erysimum) · E. perofskianum 'Gold Shot' (Afghan Erysimum) · E. repandum (Repand Wallflower) · E. suffrutescens var. suffrutescens (Shrubby Wallflower) · E. teretifolium (Ben Lomond Wallflower) · E. xmarshallii (Siberian Wallflower) · E. x marshallii (Siberian Wallflower) · E. 'Apricot Twist' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Bowles' Mauve' (Bowles' Mauve Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Cotswold Gem' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Fragrant Sunshine' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'John Codrington' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Pastel Patchwork' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Plant World Gold' (Perennial Wallflower) · E. 'Plant World Lemon' (Perennial Wallflower)

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Further Reading

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• A supplement to the Pharmacopia, and treatise on pharmacology in general: including not only the drugs and preparations used by practitioners of medicine, but also most of those employed in the chemical arts: together with a collection of the most useful medical formulæ. . by Samuel Frederic Gray. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, 1836. url p. 107.
• An illustrated natural history of British butterflies and moths / by Edward Newman; the figures drawn by George Willis and engraved by John Kirchner. London [England]: W.H. Allen, [18--?] url p. 157, p. 160.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 12.
• Bulletin. Bureau of Plant Industry. U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1901-13. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off. url p. 12.
• C. E. Hobbs Botanical hand-book of common local, English, botanical and pharmacopial names arranged in alphabetical order, of most of the crude vegetable drugs, etc., in common use. Especially designed as a reference book for druggists and apothecaries. Comp. and pub. by Charles E. Hobbs. Boston, Printed by C.C. Roberts, 1876. url p. 172.
• C.E. Hobbs' Botanical hand-book: of common local, English, botanical and pharmacopœial names arranged in alphabetical order, of most of the crude vegetable drugs, etc., in common use: their properties, productions and uses in an abb Boston: Printed by C.C. Roberts, 1876. url .
• Chronological history of plants: man's record of his own existence illustrated through their names, uses, and companionship. Boston, Little, Brown & company, 1879. url .
• Einleitung in die Entomologie: oder Elemente der Naturgeschichte der Insecten / Von Wilhelm Kirby und Wilhelm Spence. Stuttgart: Cottaischen Buchhandlung, 1823-1833. url p. 152.
• Essex naturalist: being the journal of the Essex Field Club. Buckhurst Hill, Essex, The Club. url p. 83.
• Farm insects: being the natural history and economy of the insects injurious to the field crops of Great Britain and Ireland, and also those which infest barns and granaries, with suggestions for their destruction. Edinburgh, Blackie & Son, 1860. url p. 29.
• Flora diaetetica, or, History of esculent plants, both domestic and foreign: in which they are accurately described, and reduced to their Linnaean generic and specific names; with their English names annexed, and ranged under eleven general heads / by Charles Bryant. London: B. White, 1783. url p. 98.
• Gaelic names of plants (Scottish and Irish) Collected and arranged in scientific order, with notes on their etymology, their uses, plant superstitions, etc., among the Celts, with copious Gaelic, Eng EdinburghBlackwood1883 url p. 107, p. 6.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 864.
• Handbook of British fungi, with full descriptions of all the species, and illustrations of the genera. By M. C. Cooke, M.A. London, Macmillan and co., 1871. url p. 454, p. 903.
• Handbook of British fungi: with full descriptions of all the species, and illustrations of the genera / by M.C. Cooke. London: Macmillan, 1871. url p. 454, p. 903.
• Illustrated natural history of British butterflies and moths; the figures drawn by George Willis and engraved by John Kirchner. London, Glaisher, pref. 1869. url p. 157, p. 160.
• Insects. Ottawa: T. Mulvey [etc.], 1919-1920. url p. 66.
• Leechdoms, wortcunning, and starcraft of early England. Being a collection of documents, for the most part never before printed, illustrating the history of science in this country before the Norman conquest. Collected and edited by the Rev. Oswald Cockayne. London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green, 1864-66. url p. 380, p. 397.
• Life and letters of Alexander Goodman More, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., M.R.I.A., with selections from his zoological and botanical writings; ed. by C.B. Moffat, B.A., with a preface by Frances M. More. Dublin, Hodges, Figgis & co. (ltd.)1898. url p. 40.
• Memoirs and proceedings of the Manchester Literary & Philosophical Society. Manchester: The Society, 1888-1980. url p. 21.
• Natural history of Selborne, and observations on nature / by Gilbert White; with the text and new letters of the Buckland edition; introduction by John Burroughs; illustrations by Clifton Johnson. Toronto: Musson Book Co., 1904. url p. 223.
• Nature. London, etc., Macmillan Journals Ltd., etc. url p. 317.
• Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, 1841- url p. 557.
• Rambles in search of wild flowers, and how to distinguish them. London, Journal of horticulture and cottage gardener, 1864. url p. 37.
• Researches about atmospheric phenomena. By Thomas Forster. London: Printed for Harding, Mavor, and Lepard, 1823. url p. 375.
• Science and practice in farm cultivation. By James Buckman. London, R. Hardwicke, 1865. url p. 253.
• Science-gossip. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn, [1894]-1902. url p. 35, p. 84.
• Sturtevant's notes on edible plants / Edited by U.P. Hedrick. Albany: J.B. Lyon, 1919. url p. 536, p. 670.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 331.
• The Annals of Scottish natural history. Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1892-1911. url p. 242.
• The Coleoptera of the British islands: a descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, with notes as to localities, habitats, etc. / by the Rev. W. W. Fowler. London: L. Reeve & co., 1887-1913. url p. 353.
• The Entomologist's annual. London: John Van Voorst, 1855-1874. url p. 100, p. 144.
• The Entomologist's monthly magazine. Oxford [etc.]Entomologist's Monthly Magazine Ltd. [etc.] url p. 157, p. 34.
• The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url p. 274.
• The Entomologist. London: Edward Newman, 1840-[1869] url p. 61.
• The Entomologist. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., [1877- url p. 69.
• The Gaelic names of plants (Scottish, Irish, and Manx), collected and arranged in scientific order, with notes on their etymology, uses, plant superstitions, etc., among the Celts, with copious Gaeli Glasgow, J. Mackay, 1900. url .
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 247, p. 677.
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• The New Forest: its history and its scenery / by John R. Wise; with 63 illustrations by Walter Crane; engraved by W.J. Linton. London: Gibbings, 1895. url p. 297.
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• The natural history & antiquities of Selborne in the county of Southampton, by Gilbert White, with illustrations in colour by George Edward Collins... London: Macmillan and co., limited, 1911. url p. 393.
• The natural history of Selborne: with a naturalist's calendar and additional observations. / by Gilbert White; with a preface by Richard Jefferies. London: W. Scott, 1887. url p. 295.
• The natural history of Selborne; with A naturalist's calendar & additional observations; with a pref. by Richard Jefferies. London: Scott, 1887. url p. 297.
• Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. London, The Society. url p. 111, p. 220.
• Zoologist. London.1843-1916 url p. 7007, p. 7007.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2780638
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 4026860

Footnotes

1. Zhou Taiyan (Cheo Tai-yien, Lu Lianli (Lou Lian-li, Yang Guang, Vladimir I. Dorofeyev, Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz "Erysimum". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 163. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.