Eriocaulon cinereum

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Eriocaulaceae

Herbs perennial or annual . Leaves in a rosette, grasslike, linear , occasionally thinly filiform , often thin and transparent, fenestrate, base sheathing . Inflorescences capitate, globose to ovoid ; scapes thin, twisted, angled , base surrounded by a bladeless, tubular sheath . Flowers 2- or 3-merous, bracteate , with both sexes usually in same head . Male flowers: sepals 2 or 3, connate or free ; petals 2 or 3, often inconspicuous; stamens 6. Female flowers: sepals 2 or 3, free or connate; petals absent to 4, free; ovary (1--) 3-loculed; ovules 1 per locule, basal; style 1, 1--3-branched. Fruit a capsule, thin, loculicidal. Seeds small; testa usually reticulate and prickly; endosperm with abundant starch grains.

Ten genera and ca. 1150 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical regions; one genus and 35 species (13 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Eriocaulon

Herbs, annual or perennial , often cespitose, rosulate. Roots : larger roots unbranched, pale , septate , thickened, spongy . Stems rarely sparingly branched, short or elongate . Leaves many ranked in flat or high spiral ; blade basally pale, distally greener, linear-attenuate or triangular-acuminate, lingulate , narrowing gradually or abruptly from base , base noticeably lacunate , less distinctly so distally. Inflorescences: scape sheaths tubular , orifice oblique (often 2--3-cleft) ; scapes 1--several per rosette, glabrous ; heads pale to dark, white, gray, or gray-brown, hemispheric to globose or short-cylindric; receptacle hairy or glabrous; involucral bracts obscured or not obscured by inflorescence, pale to dark, chaffy or scarious ; receptacular bracts narrower, thinner than involucral bracts, often scarious. Flowers mostly with staminate and pistillate on same plants , 2--3-merous; sepals 2(--3), adnate to stipelike base, boat-shaped , scarious, apex often covered with multicellular hairs , hairs mealy white or translucent , frequently club-shaped; petals 2(--3), narrower, shorter than sepals, apex hairy, hairs club-shaped, glands adaxial , subapical , dark, rarely pale. Staminate flowers : androphore apically dilated stalk ; petals separated from sepals by androphore, diverging as lobes from apex; stamens 3--4 or 6, 2--3 alternating with petals; apex of staminal column with 2--3 glands, glands unappendaged; filaments arising from androphore rim; anthers 2-locular, 4-sporangiate, dorsifixed , usually versatile, well exserted at anthesis , jet black (except in E. cinereum) . Pistillate flowers: gynophore separating petals from sepals, stipelike; pistil 2(--3) -carpellate; style 1, unappendaged, style branches 2(--3) .

Species ca. 400: mostly pantropic, mostly aquatic or on wet, mainly acidic substrates.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Muck of rice fields ; 0--200 m ; introduced [3].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,662 meters (0 to 12,014 feet).[4]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Eriocaulon sieboldianum Siebold & Zuccarini Ex Steudel

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 21-Jun-2005

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eriocaulon

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 21 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

E. aquaticum (Seven-Angle Pipewort) · E. benthamii (Bentham's Pipewort) · E. cinereum (Ashy Pipewort) · E. compressum (Flattened Pipewort) · E. compressum var. compressum (Flattened Pipewort) · E. decangulare (Ten-Angle Pipewort) · E. decangulare L. var. latifolium Chapm. ex Moldenke (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. decangulare var. decangulare (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. decangulare var. latifolium (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. heterolepis (Buttonhead Pipewort) · E. koernickianum (Gulf Pipewort) · E. koernickianum van (Gulf Pipewort) · E. lineare (Narrow Pipewort) · E. longifolium (Pipewort) · E. microcephalum (Small-Head Pipewort) · E. nigrobracteatum (Black-Bract Pipewort) · E. parkeri (Estuary Pipewort) · E. ravenelii (Ravenel's Pipewort) · E. stellulatum (Starry Pipewort) · E. texense (Texas Pipewort) · E. truncatum (Short Pipe-Wort)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 192.
• Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url p. 192, p. 291.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 527, p. 58.
• Flora of Japan: in English: combined, much revised and extended translation / by the author of his Flora of Japan (1953) and Flora of Japan, Pteridophyta (1957); edited by Frederick G. Meyer and Egbert H. Walker. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1965. url p. 266.
• New or noteworthy Philippine plants. .. / by Elmer D. Merrill. Manila: Bureau of Public Printing, 1904-1922. url p. 291.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 196, p. 198, p. 207, p. 208, p. 211, p. 216, p. 226, p. 255, p. 257, p. 258, p. 260, p. 267, p. 270, p. 272, p. 278, p. 281, p. 283, p. 285, p. 292, p. 299, p. 300, p. 303, p. 304, p. 307, p. 314, p. 336, p. 339, p. 400, p. 403, p. 41, p. 57, p. 598, p. 627.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 101, p. 105, p. 11, p. 122, p. 169, p. 172, p. 180, p. 19, p. 20, p. 230, p. 232, p. 236, p. 246, p. 25, p. 260, p. 262, p. 279, p. 282, p. 29, p. 299, p. 306, p. 311, p. 328, p. 336, p. 339, p. 346, p. 350, p. 350, p. 362, p. 372, p. 373, p. 403, p. 415, p. 415, p. 416, p. 421, p. 421, p. 424, p. 425, p. 448, p. 450, p. 455, p. 457, p. 457, p. 458, p. 460, p. 461, p. 461, p. 474, p. 488, p. 491, p. 492, p. 505, p. 67, p. 7, p. 73, p. 78, p. 81, p. 81, p. 82.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 540.
• The Philippine journal of science. 10 1915 Manila. url p. 291.
• The botany of the Kimberleys, Northwest Australia. [Perth, W. Simpson, Govt. Printer]1918. url .
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 578.
• The flora of British India. London, L. Reeve & Co., 1875-97. url .
• Tulane studies in zoology and botany. 21 1979 New Orleans: Tulane University, [1968- url p. 45.
• Ma Weiliang. 1997. Eriocaulaceae. In: Wu Kuo-fang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 13(3): 20--63.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 24, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2659873
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-243590
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13756683
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 39197
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 115678-3
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMERI01010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ERCI4
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 37482

Footnotes

1. Wei-liang Ma, Zhixiang Zhang & Thomas Stützel "Eriocaulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 7. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Eriocaulon". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Eriocaulon cinereum". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Mean = 325.630 meters (1,068.340 feet), Standard Deviation = 682.640 based on 94 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.