Eriocaulon lineare

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Eriocaulaceae

Herbs perennial or annual . Leaves in a rosette, grasslike, linear , occasionally thinly filiform , often thin and transparent, fenestrate, base sheathing . Inflorescences capitate, globose to ovoid ; scapes thin, twisted, angled , base surrounded by a bladeless, tubular sheath . Flowers 2- or 3-merous, bracteate , with both sexes usually in same head . Male flowers: sepals 2 or 3, connate or free ; petals 2 or 3, often inconspicuous; stamens 6. Female flowers: sepals 2 or 3, free or connate; petals absent to 4, free; ovary (1--) 3-loculed; ovules 1 per locule, basal; style 1, 1--3-branched. Fruit a capsule, thin, loculicidal. Seeds small; testa usually reticulate and prickly; endosperm with abundant starch grains.

Ten genera and ca. 1150 species: mainly in tropical and subtropical regions; one genus and 35 species (13 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Eriocaulon

Herbs, annual or perennial , often cespitose, rosulate. Roots : larger roots unbranched, pale , septate , thickened, spongy . Stems rarely sparingly branched, short or elongate . Leaves many ranked in flat or high spiral ; blade basally pale, distally greener, linear-attenuate or triangular-acuminate, lingulate , narrowing gradually or abruptly from base , base noticeably lacunate , less distinctly so distally. Inflorescences: scape sheaths tubular , orifice oblique (often 2--3-cleft) ; scapes 1--several per rosette, glabrous ; heads pale to dark, white, gray, or gray-brown, hemispheric to globose or short-cylindric; receptacle hairy or glabrous; involucral bracts obscured or not obscured by inflorescence, pale to dark, chaffy or scarious ; receptacular bracts narrower, thinner than involucral bracts, often scarious. Flowers mostly with staminate and pistillate on same plants , 2--3-merous; sepals 2(--3), adnate to stipelike base, boat-shaped , scarious, apex often covered with multicellular hairs , hairs mealy white or translucent , frequently club-shaped; petals 2(--3), narrower, shorter than sepals, apex hairy, hairs club-shaped, glands adaxial , subapical , dark, rarely pale. Staminate flowers : androphore apically dilated stalk ; petals separated from sepals by androphore, diverging as lobes from apex; stamens 3--4 or 6, 2--3 alternating with petals; apex of staminal column with 2--3 glands, glands unappendaged; filaments arising from androphore rim; anthers 2-locular, 4-sporangiate, dorsifixed , usually versatile, well exserted at anthesis , jet black (except in E. cinereum) . Pistillate flowers: gynophore separating petals from sepals, stipelike; pistil 2(--3) -carpellate; style 1, unappendaged, style branches 2(--3) .

Species ca. 400: mostly pantropic, mostly aquatic or on wet, mainly acidic substrates.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Sandy or peaty shores , hypericum ponds , wet savanna , southern coastal plain terraces ; 0--100 m [3].

Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 46 meters (150 feet).[4]

Biome: Coastal.

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Eriocaulon lineare var. gigas Moldenke

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: nom. cons.

Last scrutiny: 21-Jun-2005

Similar Species

Members of the genus Eriocaulon

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 21 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

E. aquaticum (Seven-Angle Pipewort) · E. benthamii (Bentham's Pipewort) · E. cinereum (Ashy Pipewort) · E. compressum (Flattened Pipewort) · E. compressum var. compressum (Flattened Pipewort) · E. decangulare (Ten-Angle Pipewort) · E. decangulare L. var. latifolium Chapm. ex Moldenke (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. decangulare var. decangulare (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. decangulare var. latifolium (Tenangle Pipewort) · E. heterolepis (Buttonhead Pipewort) · E. koernickianum (Gulf Pipewort) · E. koernickianum van (Gulf Pipewort) · E. lineare (Narrow Pipewort) · E. longifolium (Pipewort) · E. microcephalum (Small-Head Pipewort) · E. nigrobracteatum (Black-Bract Pipewort) · E. parkeri (Estuary Pipewort) · E. ravenelii (Ravenel's Pipewort) · E. stellulatum (Starry Pipewort) · E. texense (Texas Pipewort) · E. truncatum (Short Pipe-Wort)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A guide and key to the aquatic plants of the Southeastern United States, by Don E. Eyles and Lynne Robertson, Jr. With original drawings by Garnet W. Jex. Washington, U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1963. url p. 106.
• Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 267, p. 329, p. 338, p. 404, p. 408, p. 55, p. 64.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 18, p. 23.
• Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and in Oklahom by John Kunkel Small. New York, The author, 1913. url p. 1328, p. 236.
• Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 23 1922 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 141.
• Manual of the southeastern flora: being descriptions of the seed plants growing naturally in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, eastern Louisiana, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. 1933 New York: The author, 1933. url p. 257.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 19, p. 22, p. 25, p. 26, p. 601.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 108, p. 112, p. 112, p. 125, p. 128, p. 134, p. 14, p. 155, p. 183, p. 204, p. 239, p. 266, p. 275, p. 28, p. 283, p. 284, p. 287, p. 29, p. 318, p. 320, p. 342, p. 349, p. 356, p. 359, p. 379, p. 380, p. 391, p. 402, p. 425, p. 428, p. 473, p. 481, p. 491, p. 498, p. 501, p. 75, p. 82.
• Small, J. K. Flora of the southeastern United States;being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolin, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana and the Indian territory and in Oklahoma and Texas east of the one-hundredth meridian /by John Kunkel Small. .. 1903 New York: The author, 1903. url p. 1328, p. 236.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 121.
• Ma Weiliang. 1997. Eriocaulaceae. In: Wu Kuo-fang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 13(3): 20--63.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2659875
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-243911
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13751144
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335444-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 39200
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 94405-2
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMERI01050
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ERLIG
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 37904

Footnotes

1. Wei-liang Ma, Zhixiang Zhang & Thomas Stützel "Eriocaulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 7. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Eriocaulon". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Eriocaulon lineare". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
4. Standard Deviation = 42.140 based on 8 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.