Equisetum hyemale affine

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Description

Family Equisetaceae

Plants with jointed stems, with distinct nodes. Leaves small, whorled , fused into sheaths ; tips remaining free , toothlike. Sporangia borne on peltate sporophylls aggregated in cones 0.3--10 cm. Spores green (except white in hybrids), all 1 kind. Gametophytes green, terrestrial , unisexual ; male gametophytes smaller than female.

Genus 1, species 15 (11 species in the flora ) : nearly worldwide.[1]

Genus Equisetum

Plants perennial , rhizomatous . Aerial stems annual or perennial. Stems with hollow center and series of small carinal (under the ridges ) and larger vallecular (under the valleys) canals. Leaves in whorls, fused part of length into sheaths . Stem ridges traversing length of internode and continuing into sheaths, terminating in sheath teeth. Branches when present borne at nodes, erupting through base of subtending sheath. Cones terminal on green stems or, in some species, terminating special, reproductive, brown stems, composed of whorls of peltate sporophylls; cone apices rounded or sharply pointed ; sporangia 5--10 per sporophyll, pendent, attached to inner surface of sporophylls, elongate , dehiscing longitudinally. x =108.

Species 15: nearly worldwide.

Equisetum occurs in moist places such as riverbanks, lakeshores, roadsides, ditches, seepage areas, meadows, marshes, and wet woodlands. Aerial stems of Equisetum vary considerably in habit and appearance , even on individual plants, because of environmentally induced modifications affecting height and branching. Many taxonomically trivial varieties and forms have been named. For an extended discussion of this, see R.L. Hauke (1966). [2]

Physical Description

Landscaping

Care: Follow a regular watering schedule during the first growing season to establish a deep, extensive root system . Can become invasive, best contained in an unperforated pot with lip above soil level.

Biology

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full to partial sun

Moisture: Water Requirements: Keep moist, will grow in water.

Temperature: Heat Zones: High: 12 (>210 days) Low:1 (< 1 days) (map) • Cold Hardiness: High:11 (Above 40 F) Low:4 (-30 to -20 F) (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Calder and Roy L.Taylor Publication : Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1387 1965

Basionym author: (Engelm.)

Place of publication: Canad. J. Bot. 43:1387. 1965

Name verified on 26-Feb-1996 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 18-Jul-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Equisetum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 185 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

E. affine · E. alaskanum · E. araucanum · E. arcticum · E. arenaceum · E. arenarium · E. arvense (Western Horsetail) · E. arvense x fluviatile · E. arvenses · E. arvense f. nanum (Field Horsetail) · E. arvense f. nemorosum (Field Horsetail) · E. arvense f. ramulosum · E. arvense subsp. boreale · E. arvense var. arcticum · E. arvense var. ramulosum (Field Horsetail) · E. 'Bandit' · E. bogotense · E. bolivianum · E. boreale · E. bridgesii · E. californicum · E. camtschatcense · E. capense · E. caracasanum · E. cascadensis · E. columnare · E. debile · E. diffusum · E. dycei (Horsetail) · E. eburneum · E. elongatum · E. ferrissi · E. ferrissii (Ferriss' Horsetail) · E. florissantense · E. fluviale · E. fluvialile · E. fluviatile (Water Horsetail) · E. fluviatile f. linnaeanum · E. fluviatile var. verticillatum · E. fluviatilis · E. fluviatoides · E. font-queri · E. fontinale · E. FU036 · E. funstoni · E. funstonii · E. funstonii var. ramosum · E. giganteum (Giant Horsetail) · E. haguei · E. heleocharis · E. hiemale · E. hiemale var. affine · E. hyemale (Scouring Rush Horsetail) · E. hyemale x variegatum · E. hyemale affine (Scouring Rush Horsetail) · E. hyemale f. geminatum · E. hyemale f. herbaceum (Common Scouring-Rush) · E. hyemale f. intermedium · E. hyemale f. multirameum · E. hyemale f. pumilum · E. hyemale f. ramigerum · E. hyemale f. ramosum · E. hyemale L. var. robustum (A.Braun) Eaton · E. hyemale var. affine (Scouringrush Horsetail) · E. hyemale var. drummondi · E. hyemale var. pumilum · E. hymale · E. hymenale · E. intermedium · E. kansanum · E. kansanum f. ramosum · E. laevigatum (Smooth Scouring-Rush) · E. laterale · E. limosum · E. limosum f. linnaeanum · E. limosum var. leptocladon · E. limosum var. verticillatum · E. litorale (Litoral Horsetail) · E. litorale f. formosum · E. litorale var. arvensiforme · E. littorale · E. lyellii · E. mackaii (Mackai's Horsetail) · E. martii · E. maximum · E. mekongense · E. meridionales · E. mexicanum · E. moorei · E. moorey · E. mougeotii · E. myriochaetum (Cola De Caballo Grande) · E. nelsonii (Nelson's Horsetail) · E. occidentale · E. octangulatum · E. oregonense · E. ornithopus · E. paleaceum · E. palustre (Marsh Horsetail) · E. palustre f. fluitans

More Info

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Further Reading

• Cronquist, A. et al. 1972&ndash;. Intermountain flora. (Intermt F) [mentions].
• Davidse, G. et al., eds. 1994. Flora mesoamericana. (F Mesoamer)
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993&ndash;. Flora of North America. (F NAmer) 2:83.
• Hickman, J. C., ed. 1993. The Jepson manual: Higher plants of California. (F CalifJep)
• Judd, Campbell, Kellog and Donoghue: Plant Systematics, a phylogenetic approach
• Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A. and Donoghue, M.J. (2002): Plant Systematics: a phylogenetic approach, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
• Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88:1-1054. (Ferns Mexico)
• Hauke, R.L. 1966. A systematic study of Equisetum arvense. Nova Hedwigia 13: 81--109.
• Hauke, R.L. 1979. Equisetum ramosissimum in North America. Amer. Fern J. 69: 1--5.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 28, 2007.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 18, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8288258
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13921215
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:92940-2
• GRIN Nomen Number: 404675
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 709507

Footnotes

1. Richard L.Hauke "Equisetaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Richard L. Hauke "Equisetum". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

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