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Enterolobium cyclocarpum

(Bois Tanniste Rouge, Conacaste, Ear Pod Tree, Earpod, Earpod Tree, Elephant Ear, Elephant's Ear, Elephants Ear, Guanacaste, Monkey Ear, Monkey Soap, Monkeysoap, Oreille Cafre, Oreja, Plants)

Overview

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A very large tree from the new world tropics. The timber is useful for a variety of purposes and the pods are used as food for cattle and humans.

Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Bois Tanniste Rouge, Conacaste, Devil´s-Ear, Ear Pod Tree, Earpod, Earpod Tree, Earpodtree, Elephant Ear, Elephant´s-Ear, Elephant's Ear, Elephants Ear, Framboy n Extranjero, Guanacaste, Monkey Ear, Monkey Soap, Monkeysoap, Oreille Cafre, Oreja

Common Names in French:

Bois Tanniste Rouge, Oreille D´éléphant

Common Names in German:

Affenseife

Common Names in Spanish:

árbol De Las Orejas, Carita, Corotú, Guanacaste, Parota

Description

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Family Fabaceae

The Fabaceae are herbs, vines , shrubs , trees , and lianas found in both temperate and tropical areas. They comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants , numbering 630 genera and 18,000 species. The leaves are stipulate , nearly always alternate, and range from bipinnately or palmately compound to simple . The petiole base is commonly enlarged into a pulvinus that commonly functions in orientation of the leaves (sometimes very responsively, as in the sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica). The flowers are usually bisexual , actinomorphic to zygomorphic, slightly to strongly perigynous, and commonly in racemes , spikes, or heads . The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The androecium consists of commonly 1- many stamens (most commonly 10), distinct or variously united , sometimes some of them reduced to staminodes. The pistil is simple, often stipitate , comprising a single style and stigma, and a superior ovary with one locule containing 2-many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume, sometimes a samara, loment, follicle, indehiscent pod, achene, drupe, or berry. The seeds often have a hard coat with hourglass-shaped cells , and sometimes bear a u-shaped line called a pleurogram. [Carr]

Subfamily Mimosoideae

Mostly trees or shrubs . Leaves mostly bipinnate. Corolla usually not showy, actinomorphic , sympetalous , the lobes valvate . Stamens 10-numerous, often monadelphous , showy. Pollen released in monads , tetrads , or polyads . Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) present. [Carr]

Physical Description

Species Enterolobium cyclocarpum

Large tree to 25m; bark fairly smooth . Petiole with a flat gland near the middle . 4-15 pairs pinnae; 20-30 pairs leaflets , 8-15mm long, paler below. Flowers in balls on 14-40mm peduncles ; Many stamens, joined at base . Pod more or less flat, but spongy within, twisted into a circle

Habit: Deciduous.

Flowers: Bloom Period: March, April, May. • Flower Color: near white, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: over 40' tall.

Biology

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Growth

Culture: Space over 40' apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

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Unambiguous Synonyms

  1. Albizia longipes Britton & Killip
  2. Enterolobium cyclocarpa (Jacq.)Griseb.
  3. Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb.
  4. Enterolobium cyclocarpum Jacq.
  5. Feuilleea cyclocarpa (Jacq.) Kuntze
  6. Feuilleea cyclocarpa (Jacq.)Kuntze
  7. Inga cyclocarpa (Jacq.) Willd.
  8. Inga cyclocarpa (Jacq.)Willd.
  9. Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacq.
  10. Mimosa parota Sesse & Moc.
  11. Pithecellobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.)Mart.
  12. Prosopis dubia Kunth

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Nielsen I.C., Rico M .L., 1994

Place of publication : Fl. Brit . W. I. 226. 1860

Name verified on 06-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 23-Aug-1994

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Enterolobium

There are approximately 26 species in this genus:

E. barinense · E. barnebianum · E. bernebianum · E. blancheti · E. contortisiliqua · E. contortisiliqum · E. contortisiliquum (Earpod Tree) · E. cyclocarpum (Bois Tanniste Rouge) · E. ellipticum · E. glaucescens · E. glaziovii · E. guaraniticum · E. gummiferum · E. jamboril · E. maximum · E. mongollo · E. monjollo · E. oldemanii (Prefontaine) · E. oldemannii · E. schomburgkii · E. schomburgkii var. glaziovii · E. schomburgkii var. schomburgkii · E. tamboril · E. timbouva · E. timbouva f. minor · E. timbouva var. canescens

Bibliography

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More Info

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 28, 2008:

Identifiers

Last Revised: 2008-09-28