Draba breweri

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Draba

Herbs perennial , rarely annual , biennial (or subshrubs with woody stems). Trichomes simple , forked , stellate , malpighiaceous, or dendritic , stalked or sessile, often more than 1 kind present. Stems erect or ascending , sometimes prostrate , leafy or leafless and plants scapose . Basal leaves petiolate , often rosulate, simple, entire or toothed , rarely lobed . Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile, cuneate or auriculate at base , entire or dentate , sometimes absent. Racemes bracteate or ebracteate , elongated or not in fruit. Fruiting pedicels slender, erect, ascending, or divaricate . Sepals ovate , oblong , or elliptic , base of lateral pair not saccate or subsaccate, margin usually membranous. Petals yellow, white, pink, purple, orange (or rarely red) ; blade obovate , spatulate , oblong, oblanceolate , orbicular , or linear , apex obtuse , rounded , or rarely emarginate ; claw obscurely to strongly differentiated from blade. Stamens 6, tetradynamous ; filaments dilated or not at base; anthers ovate or oblong, obtuse at apex. Nectar glands 1, 2, or 4, distinct or confluent and subtending bases of all stamens; median glands present or absent; lateral glands toothlike, semiannular, or annular . Ovules 4 to numerous per ovary. Fruit dehiscent, silicles or rarely siliques, ovate, elliptic, oblong, orbicular, ovoid , globose , lanceolate, or linear, latiseptate or terete , sometimes spirally twisted; valves distinctly or obscurely veined, glabrous or pubescent ; replum rounded; septum complete , membranous, translucent ; style distinct or obsolete , glabrous; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds biseriate , wingless (or rarely winged ), oblong, ovate, or orbicular, flattened; seed coat minutely reticulate , not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent .

About 350 species: primarily in the N hemisphere, especially arctic , subarctic , alpine , and subalpine regions, with about 70 species in South America; 48 species (16 endemic) in China.

Draba is the largest and most taxonomically difficult genus in the Brassicaceae. More than 950 binomials and nearly a fourth as many infraspecific taxa have been proposed. Numerous taxa are based on trivial characters, especially the presence vs. absence of trichomes on the fruit valves. Otto Eugene Schulz (Pflanzenr. 89(IV . 105) : 1-396. 1927), hereafter Schulz (without a reference), was the last person to monograph Draba on worldwide basis. Although he accorded varietal names to forms with glabrous and pubescent fruits, this variation often occurs within the same population (see discussion under D. oreades). By contrast, petal color is taxonomically important and should be recorded in the field rather than from dried specimens because white petals sometimes dry yellow or vice versa. Another taxonomically important character is the number of ovules/seeds per ovary/fruit. This is easily obtained by counting the seeds and aborted ovules in the fruit.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,324 meters (0 to 14,186 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2009

Similar Species

Members of the genus Draba

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 194 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

D. aizoides (Yellow Whitlow Grass) · D. albertina (Arc Dome Draba) · D. aleutica (Aleutian Draba) · D. alpina (Alpine Draba) · D. aprica (Hairy Draba) · D. arabisans (Rock Draba) · D. arctica (Arctic Whitlowgrass) · D. arctica subsp. ostenfeldii (Ostenfeld's Whitlowgrass) · D. arctogena (Fell-Field Whitlow-Grass) · D. argyrea (Silver Draba) · D. arida (Desert Draba) · D. asprella (Rough Draba) · D. asprella Greene var. kaibabensis C.L.Hitchc. (Kaibab Draba) · D. asprella Greene var. stelligera O.E.Schulz (Rough Draba) · D. asprella Greene var. zionensis (C.L.Hitchc.) Welsh & Reveal (Zion Draba) · D. asprella var. asprella (Rough Whitlowgrass) · D. asprella var. kaibabensis (Kaibab Whitlowgrass) · D. asprella var. stelligera (Rough Whitlowgrass) · D. asprella var. zionensis (Zion Draba) · D. asterophora (Lake Tahoe Draba) · D. asterophora Payson var. macrocarpa C.L.Hitchc. (Lake Tahoe Draba) · D. asterophora var. asterophora (Lake Tahoe Draba) · D. asterophora var. macrocarpa (Lake Tahoe Draba) · D. aurea (Golden Draba) · D. aureola (Golden Alpine Draba) · D. borealis (Boreal Draba) · D. borealis var. borealis (Boreal Whitlowgrass) · D. borealis var. maxima (Boreal Whitlowgrass) · D. brachycarpa (Short-Fruited Whitlow-Grass) · D. brachystylis (Shortstyle Draba) · D. breweri (Brewer's Whitlow-Grass) · D. breweri var. breweri (Cushion Draba) · D. breweri var. cana (Hoary Whitlowgrass) · D. californica (California Draba) · D. carnosula (Mt. Eddy Draba) · D. chamissonis (Cape Thompson Draba) · D. cinerea (Gray-Leaf Whitlow-Grass) · D. cinerea var. cinerea (Grayleaf Whitlowgrass) · D. cinerea var. ladogenesis (Grayleaf Whitlowgrass) · D. corrugata (Southern California Draba) · D. corrugata S.Watson var. corrugata S.Watson (Southern California Draba) · D. corrugata S.Watson var. saxosa (A.Davids.) Munz & Johnst. (Southern California Draba) · D. corrugata var. corrugata (Southern California Draba) · D. corrugata var. saxosa (Southern California Draba) · D. corymbosa (Flat-Top Draba) · D. crassa (Thick-Leaf Whitlow-Grass) · D. crassifolia (Rocky Mountain Draba) · D. crassifolia var. crassifolia (Snowbed Whitlowgrass) · D. cruciata (Mineral King Draba) · D. cruciata var. cruciata (Mineral King Whitlowgrass) · D. cuneifolia (Wedge-Leaf Whitlow Grass) · D. cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray var. integrifolia S.Watson (Wedgeleaf Draba) · D. cuneifolia Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray var. sonorae (Greene) Parish (Sonora Draba) · D. cuneifolia var. cuneifolia (Wedgeleaf Whitlowgrass) · D. cuneifolia var. integrifolia (Wedgeleaf Whitlowgrass) · D. cuneifolia var. sonorae (Sonoran Whitlowgrass) · D. cusickii (Cusick Whitlowgrass) · D. cusickii var. cusickii (Cusick's Draba) · D. cusickii var. cusickii B.L.Robins. ex O.E.Schulz (Cusick's Draba) · D. cusickii var. pedicellata (Cusick's Draba) · D. cusickii var. pedicellata Rollins & Price (Cusick's Draba) · D. daviesiae (Bitter Root Draba) · D. densifolia (Dense Leaf Draba) · D. exunguiculata (Clawless Draba) · D. fladnizensis (Arctic Draba) · D. fladnizensis var. fladnizensis (Austrian Draba) · D. fladnizensis var. pattersonii (Austrian Draba) · D. fladnizensis Wulfen var. fladnizensis Wulfen (Austrian Draba) · D. fladnizensis Wulfen var. pattersonii (O.E.Schultz) Rollins (Austrian Draba) · D. glabella (Smooth Draba) · D. glabella var. brachycarpa (Smooth Whitlowgrass) · D. glabella var. glabella (Smooth Whitlowgrass) · D. glabella var. glabella Pursh (Smooth Whitlowgrass) · D. globosa (Beavertip Draba) · D. graminea (Rocky Mountain Draba) · D. grayana (Gray's Draba) · D. gredinii (Gredin's Whitlowgrass) · D. haynaldii (Yellow Grass) · D. helleriana (Heller's Draba) · D. helleriana Greene var. bifurcata C.L.Hitchc. (Heller's Draba) · D. helleriana Greene var. blumeri C.L.Hitchc. (Blumer Whitlowgrass) · D. helleriana Greene var. patens (Heller) O.E.Schulz (Heller Whitlowgrass) · D. helleriana var. bifurcata (Heller's Whitlowgrass) · D. helleriana var. blumeri (Blumer's Whitlowgrass) · D. helleriana var. helleriana (Heller's Draba) · D. helleriana var. patens (Heller's Whitlowgrass) · D. hitchcockii (Lost River Draba) · D. howellii (Howell's Whitlow-Grass) · D. hyperborea (North Pacific Draba) · D. incana (Twisted Draba) · D. incana var. incana (Twisted Whitlowgrass) · D. incana var. incana L. (Twisted Whitlowgrass) · D. incerta (Yellowstone Draba) · D. incrassata (Sweetwater Draba) · D. jaegeri (Jaeger Whitlowgrass) · D. juvenilis (Long Stalk Draba) · D. kamtschatica (Kamchatka Whitlowgrass) · D. kassii (Kass Draba) · D. kluanei (Kluane Park Whitlowgrass) · D. lactea (Milky Draba)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 218.
• A Yosemite flora; a descriptive account of the ferns and flowering plants, including the trees, of the Yosemite National Park; with simple keys for their identification. .. by Harvey Monroe Hall and Carlotta Case Hall. San Francisco, Elder, 1912. url p. 104.
• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 96.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1902-1971. url , p. 43.
• California fish and game. [San Francisco, etc.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Fish and Game. url p. 252.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 234.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 25 1925 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 235, p. 238.
• Plant indicators: the relation of plant communities to process and practice. WashingtonCarnegie Institution of Washington1920 url p. 234.
• Proceedings - California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 65.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 408, p. 65.
• Results of a biological survey of Mount Shasta, California, Washington, Govt Print. Off., 1899. url , , , , , .
• Results of a biological survey of mount Shasta, California, by C. Hart Merriam, chief of Divison of Biological Survey. Washington, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Div. of Biological Survey: 1899. url p. 147, p. 173, p. 75, p. 77, p. 78.

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 02, 2008:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Colorado Museum, Zoological specimens
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2648533
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Mus-1373
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13742157
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:282437-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 22867
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBRA110L0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: DRBRS DRBR
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 36009

Footnotes

1. "Draba". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 66. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 1,539.710 meters (5,051.542 feet), Standard Deviation = 870.200 based on 297 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.