Dovyalis caffra

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Flacourtiaceae

Trees or shrubs , hermaphroditic , monoecious, dioecious, or polygamous, evergreen or deciduous; trunk , branches, and branchlets sometimes spiny ; hairs simple , rarely T-shaped or stellate . Leaves simple, usually alternate, rarely opposite or verticillate , sometimes crowded at apices of branches; stipules usually small and caducous , sometimes larger, leaflike and persistent , rarely absent; petiole generally present, sometimes with apex 2-glandular and/or with additional glands along petiole length; leaf blade usually pinnate-veined, sometimes 3-5-veined from base or palmate-veined, with or without pellucid dots or lines , sometimes with a pair of glands at junction of blade and petiole, margin entire or toothed , teeth glandular or not. Inflorescences axillary , terminal , or cauliflorous , of various forms: racemose, spicate , cymose , corymbose , or paniculate , sometimes flowers fasciculate, or solitary; pedicels often articulate ; bracts and bracteoles usually small to minute. Flowers radially symmetric , bisexual or unisexual , hypogynous, perigynous, or epigynous ; perianth cyclic , rarely spiral , in unisexual flowers remnants of opposite sex present or absent. Sepals imbricate or valvate , rarely spathaceous , mostly (2 or) 3-6, rarely more, usually free or connate at base only, sometimes partly united into a tube , caducous or persistent, rarely accrescent . Petals 3-8, rarely more, often isomerous and alternating with sepals, free, imbricate or valvate, rarely contorted, similar to sepals or not, sometimes with a fleshy adaxial basal scale , or petals absent. Disk present, entire, lobed , or comprised of free or connate disk glands, these extrastaminal , interstaminal, or intrastaminal (bisexual or staminate flowers ), or extragynoecial (pistillate flowers), or disk absent. Stamens 1 to many (ca. 100), 1- or many seriate , sometimes in epipetalous bundles, or on margin of cupular disk or rim of calyx tube ; filaments free, rarely united into a column; anthers 2-thecate, usually longitudinally dehiscent , rarely opening by terminal pores, connective sometimes shortly projected or glandular. Ovary superior or semi-inferior, 1-loculed, with 2-9 parietal placentas, rarely incompletely 2-9(or more) -celled by placentas protruding deeply into locule; ovules 2 or more on each placenta, orthotropous , anatropous , or hemi-anatropous; styles isomerous with placentas, free or partly to completely united, rarely absent, stigmas small or large, capitate to flattened and branched. Fruit capsular or baccate , rarely a drupe, pericarp mostly smooth , sometimes winged or bristly . Seeds 1 to many, with or without a fleshy sometimes brightly colored sarcotesta and/or aril, sometimes with long hairs, or broadly winged; endosperm usually copious and fleshy; embryo straight or curved ; cotyledons usually broad, often cordate.

About 87 genera and ca. 900 species: mostly in tropical and subtropical regions, some extending into the temperate zone; 12 genera (one endemic) and 39 species (nine endemic) in China; four additional species (all endemic) are poorly known (see Homalium) .Qiner Yang & Sue Zmarzty "Flacourtiaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 112, 138. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Physical Description

Biology

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Aberia caffra Hook. f. and Harvey
2. Aberia caffra Hook. f. & Harv.
3. Dovyalis caffra (Hook. f. & Harv.) Warb.
4. Dovyalis caffra Warb.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : H. G. A. Engler & K . A. E. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 3(6a):44. 1893

Name verified on 06-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 26-Jun-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Dovyalis

There are approximately 42 species in this genus:

D. abyssinica (Koshum) · D. acuminata · D. adolfi-friderici · D. afzelii · D. antunesii · D. caffra (Kei Apple) · D. cameroonensis · D. celastroides · D. cesatiana · D. chariensis · D. chirindensis · D. engleri · D. giorgii · D. glandulosissima · D. hebecarpa (Ceylon Gooseberry) · D. hispidula · D. hybrid · D. longispina · D. lucida · D. luckii · D. macrocalyx · D. macrocarpa · D. macrodendron · D. maliformis · D. mildbraedii · D. mollis · D. monbazae · D. retusa · D. revoluta · D. rhamnoides · D. rotundifolia · D. salicifolia · D. somalensis · D. sp · D. spinosissima · D. tenuispina · D. tristis · D. verrucosa · D. xanthocarpa · D. zenkeri · D. zeyheri · D. zizyphoides

Bibliography

• Arnold, T. H. & B. C. De Wet, eds. 1993. Plants of southern Africa: names and distribution. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa no. 62. (Pl SAfr)
• Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
• Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960–. Flora zambesiaca. (F Zamb)
• Fosberg, F. R. et al. 1979–1982. Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae/ Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae. (L Micrones)
• Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
• Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption. (L Edible Pl)
• Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
• Palmer, E. & N. Pitman. 1972–1973. Trees of southern Africa. (Trees SAfr)
• Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr) [mentions].
• Lai Shushen. 1999. Flacourtiaceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 1-80.

More Info

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed May 28, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 23, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670170
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-506138
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13763969
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:110374-3
• GRIN Nomen Number: 14616
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506138
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 111560-1
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: DOCA3
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 34763

Footnotes

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