Diospyros texana

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Ebenaceae

Trees or erect shrubs , occasionally with spine-tipped branchlets . Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, entire; stipules absent. Flowers actinomorphic , usually unisexual , dioecious, or polygamous, rarely bisexual . Male flowers often in cymes, sometimes in clusters or solitary; pistil rudimentary or absent. Female flowers often solitary, axillary , imperfect or without stamens. Calyx 3--7-lobed, persistent and often becoming enlarged in female or bisexual flowers; lobes abutting or overlapping in bud. Corolla 3--7-lobed; lobes convolute, rarely overlapping or abutting. Stamens hypogynous or at bottom of corolla, 2--4 X as many as corolla lobes, rarely as many as corolla lobes and alternate with them; filaments free or united in pairs. Ovary superior, 2--16-locular; ovules 1 or 2 per locule. Styles 2--8, free or basally united; stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit a ± fleshy berry, with few to several seeds. Seeds usually oblong ; endosperm sometimes ruminate ; hilum small.

Three genera and ca. 500 species: mostly in the tropics; one genus and 60 species (43 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Diospyros

Trees or shrubs , deciduous or evergreen . Terminal buds absent. Branchlet tips sometimes forming a spine. Leaves alternate, occasionally minutely translucent dotted or with gland pits. Flowers dioecious or polygamous. Male flowers in axillary cymes, usually on basal part of current year's branchlets, deciduous soon after anthesis ; stamens 4 to numerous , often paired and forming 2 whorls; ovary rudimentary . Female flowers usually solitary, axillary; staminodes 1--16 or absent; stigma often 2-cleft. Calyx usually 3--5(--7) -lobed, sometimes truncate . Corolla urn-shaped, campanulate , or tubular , 3--5(--7) -lobed, deciduous. Berries fleshy to somewhat leathery, usually with an enlarged persistent calyx. Seeds 1--10(or more), often laterally compressed .

About 485 species: pantropical and extending into temperate regions ; 60 species in China, most abundant in SE and SW China, several incompletely known and of uncertain status. [2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 755 meters (0 to 2,477 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 12-15' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 9.0

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Brayodendron texanum (Scheele) Small • Brayodendron texanum Small

Notes

Publishing author : Scheele

Similar Species

Members of the genus Diospyros

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 58 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

D. angulata (Bois D') · D. australis (Black-Plum) · D. blancoi (Mabolo) · D. boutoniana (Bois D') · D. celebica (Indonesian Ebony) · D. chrysophyllos (Bois D') · D. crassiflora (Ebony) · D. decandra (Gold Apple) · D. digyna (Axle Grease Plant) · D. ebenum (Indian Ebony) · D. egrettarum (Bois D') · D. hemiteles (Bois D') · D. hillebrandii (Elama) · D. kaki (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Hachiya' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Fuyu' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Ichikikei Jiro' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Jiro' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Kostata' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Maekawa Jiro' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Matsumoto Wase Fuyu' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Saijo' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Sheng' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Tamopan' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. kaki 'Tanenashi' (Japanese Persimmon) · D. leucomelas (Bois D') · D. lotus (Date Plum) · D. lycioides (Karroo Bluebush) · D. macassar (Macassar Ebony) · D. malabarica (Indian Persimmon) · D. marmorata (Andaman Marblewood) · D. melanida (Bois D') · D. mun (Ebony) · D. neraudii (Bois D') · D. nitida (Black Persimmon) · D. nodosa (Bois D') · D. oleifera (Oil Persimmon) · D. pterocalyx (Bois D') · D. revaughanii (Bois D') · D. revoluta (Black Apple) · D. rhombifolia (Diamond-Leaf Persimmon) · D. rumphii (Streaked Ebony) · D. sandwicensis (Lama) · D. sinensis (Chinese Persimmon) · D. sintenisii (Chinese Persimmon) · D. tessellaria (Black Ebony) · D. texana (Texas Persimmon) · D. tomentosa (Nepal Ebony) · D. vaccinioides (Small Persimmon) · D. virginiana (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Campbell Nc10' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'John Rick' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Meader' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Peiper' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Prok' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Ruby' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Szukis' (American Persimmon) · D. virginiana 'Yates' (American Persimmon)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A monograph of Ebenaceae. Cambridge, Eng., University Press, 1873 url p. 32, p. 36, p. 51, p. 52, p. 73.
• American forest trees, by Henry H. Gibson; ed. by Hu Maxwell. Chicago, Hardwood record, 1913. url , p. 12, p. 520.
• American forest trees; edited by Hu Maxwell. ChicagoHardwood Record1913 url .
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 18 1907 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 142, p. 181, p. 212.
• Biologia centrali-americana; or, Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. London, Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter and Dulau & co., 1879-88. url .
• Biology and colonization of the sand fly Lutzomyia diabolica (Hall) (Diptera: Psychodidae) with notes on its potential relationship to human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Texas, USA / 1984. url p. 34.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 6 1922 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 49, p. 77.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 508, p. 67.
• Bulletin / Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1971. url p. 234.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 110.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url , , p. 16, p. 22.
• Bulletin. Bureau of Plant Industry. U. S. Department of Agriculture. 1901-13. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off. url p. 110, p. 31.
• Check list of the forest trees of the United States: their names and ranges / by George B. Sudworth. Washington, D.C.: Dept. of Agriculture, Forestry Division, 1898. url p. 105.
• Commercial botany of the nineteenth century. A record of progress in the utilisation of vegetable products in the United Kingdom, and the introduction of economic plants into the British colonies, during the present century. By John R. Jackson. .. London [etc.]: Cassell & company, limited, 1890. url p. 156.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23 1920-1926 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 1126, p. 1127.
• Cyclopedia of hardy fruits, by U. P. Hedrick. New York, The Macmillan company, 1922. url p. 349, p. 349, p. 349, p. 365, p. 365, p. 365.
• Journal of Hymenoptera research. Washington, D.C.: International Society of Hymenopterists, [1992- url p. 173.
• Journal of economic entomology. [College Park, Md., etc.]Entomological Society of America [etc.] url p. 199.
• Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences. Washington [etc., Washington Academy of Sciences] url p. 397.
• Mammals of the Mexican boundary of the United States: a descriptive catalogue of the species of mammals occurring in that region; with a general summary of the natural history, and a list of trees / Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1907. url , .
• Manual of the trees of North America (exclusive of Mexico) by Charles Sprague Sargent, with seven hundred and eighty-three illustrations from drawings by Charles Edward Faxon and Mary W. Gill. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin company, 1922. url , , p. 821, p. 821, p. 823, p. 823, p. 903, p. 903.
• Native woody plants of the United States, their erosion-control and wildlife values. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1938. url , , , , p. 117, p. 75.
• North American trees (exclusive of Mexico and tropical United States) A handbook designed for field use, with plates and distribution maps. Ames, Iowa State University Press[1961] url p. 341, p. 386.
• North American trees: being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies / New York: H. Holt and Co., 1908. url .
• North American trees; being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies; with the assistance of John Adolph Shafer. New YorkHolt1908 url p. 787.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 162, p. 245, p. 262, p. 263, p. 265, p. 272, p. 276, p. 472.
• Plantae Lindheimerianae: an enumeration of F. Lindheimer's collection of Texan plants, with remarks and descriptions of new species, etc. / by George Engelmann and Asa Gray. Boston: Printed by Freeman and Bolles, 1845-[1907] url p. 142, p. 181, p. 212.
• Proceedings - California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 1124.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, 1979- url p. 334.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 326.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 636.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 115 1951 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 356.
• Texas conchologist. Houston, Houston Conchology Society url p. 109, p. 20.
• The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 702.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url , p. 286, p. 317, p. 319.
• The Journal of heredity. Washington, etc., American Genetic Association url p. 403.
• The silva of North America a description of the tree which grow naturally in North America exclusive of Mexico / by Charles Sprague Sargent; illustrated with figures and analyses drawn from nature by Charles Edward Faxon. Boston;Houghton, Mifflin, 1894 url .
• The silva of North America: a description of the trees which grow naturally in North America exclusive of Mexico /by Charles Sprague Sargent. .. illustrated with figures and analyses drawn from nature by Charles Edward Faxon. .. 6 1894 Boston, New York: Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1891-1902. url p. 11, tab. CCLIV, p. v.
• The uses of plants: a manual of economic botany with special reference to vegetable products introduced during the last fifty years / by G. S. Boulger. London: Roper & Drowley, 1889. url p. 176, p. 203.
• Torrey, J. Report on the United States and Mexican boundary survey: made under the direction of the secretary of the Interior /by William H. Emory, major First Cavalry, and United States commissioner. Washington: C. Wendell, printer, 1857-59. url p. 109.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url .
• Transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis. [St. Louis: Academy of Science of St. Louis], 1860-1958. url p. 125, p. 125, p. 125.
• Tree ancestors; a glimpse into the past, by Edward Wilber Berry. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1923. url p. 257.
• Trees and shrubs of Mexico / By Paul C. Standley. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1920-1926. url p. 1126, p. 1127.
• University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. 13 1960 Lawrence, University of Kansas. url p. 119.
• Wrightia. 3 1961-1966 Richardson, Tex. [etc.]University of Texas at Dallas. url p. 185.
• Zoe:a biological journal. 5 1903 San Diego, Calif. [etc.]Zoe Publishing Co. url p. 164, p. 402.
• Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang). 1987. Ebenaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 84-154.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 11, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2649302
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-23854
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13742601
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323100-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 14325
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 23854
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 323100-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEBE01060
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: DITE3
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 35682

Footnotes

1. Shugang Li, Michael G. Gilbert & Frank White "Ebenaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 215. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Diospyros". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 215. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 331.690 meters (1,088.222 feet), Standard Deviation = 647.420 based on 16 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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