Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Gen Ma Tang, Hong Mao Ling (As D Timorensis)
Common Names in English:
Trailing Crabgrass, Timorese Crabgrass
Common Names in Japanese:
Kome Hishiba
Description
Genus Digitaria
Annual
or perennial
. Culms
erect
or decumbent
, occasionally stoloniferous
. Leaf blades
linear
or linear-lanceolate; ligule membranous. Inflorescence of digitately arranged racemes
, sometimes on a short axis or with secondary branchlets
, very rarely paniculate
; spikelets
usually in groups of 2-3(-4), imbricate to effuse, the latter often on notably long and unequal pedicels. Spikelets puberulous
to villous
, typically in stripes
between the well-defined veins, rarely glabrous
; lower glume
absent or reduced to a little scale up to 1/4 spikelet length; upper glume variable; lower lemma usually ± equal to spikelet; upper floret pallid
to black, apex subacute
to acuminate, rarely apiculate
. x = 9.
About 250 species:tropical and warm-temperate regions of the world; 22 species (three endemic) in China.
Digitaria has been traditionally divided
on the nature of the spikelet hairs, which may be clavate
, capitate, verrucose
(warty, appearing beaded), or with crooked tips
. As good magnification is required to see these features, the grouping of the spikelets on the raceme is a more practical aid to identification. Many species have regularly paired
spikelets, which present no difficulty. In those species where the spikelets are grouped in clusters
of 3 or more, care must be taken, as often the longest pedicel of a group is partially fused to the rachis so that the spikelets appear alternately paired and single, or sometimes one spikelet may be vestigial, or the spikelets may be paired toward the raceme tips.
Many species are very variable in spikelet pubescence and lemma nervation, even within a single raceme. Additionally, there are a number of complexes of intergrading species, so intermediates may occasionally be encountered. This has led to the publication
of many superfluous names
.[1]
Physical Description
Species Digitaria radicosa
Annual
. Culms
slender, trailing
, branching, 30-50 cm tall, glabrous
.
Leaf sheaths
usually glabrous; leaf blades linear-lanceolate, 2-6
× 0.3-0.7 cm, abaxial
surface scabrous
, adaxial
surface glabrous,
pubescent
or papillose-pilose at base
; ligule 0.75-2 mm.
Inflorescence
digitate; racemes
2-3(-4), slender, 4-10 cm; spikelets
paired
, loosely
imbricate by about half their length
; rachis triquetrous
, narrowly
winged
, ca.
0.6 mm broad, margins
smooth
or almost so. Spikelets
narrowly lanceolate, 2.8-3 mm; lower glume
triangular, 0.2-0.3 mm;
upper glume narrow, long triangular, 1/3-2/3 as long as spikelet,
1-3-veined, villous
throughout; lower lemma as long as spikelet,
5-7-veined, a broad intervein space on either side of midvein
, lateral
veins very close together near margin, appressed
silky
pubescent,
very rarely with a ciliate
fringe
, never setose
; upper lemma yellowish
at maturity, narrowly lanceolate. Anthers
0.5-1 mm. Fl.
and fr. summer-autumn.
2n = 18. [source]
This species is related to Digitaria ciliaris, but differs
in its slender, trailing habit, fewer digitate racemes with smooth-edged
rachis, and narrow spikelets with contiguous
lateral veins in the
lower lemma, which thereby appears 3-veined. [source]
Habit: Graminoid
Habitat
Moist grasslands, roadsides, weedy places[2].
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
)
- Auct.
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Juncanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Poales
(
)
- Small, 1903
- Family:
Gramineae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Panicoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Paniceae
(
)
- Subtribe:
Digitariinae
(
)
- Genus:
Digitaria
(
)
- A. Haller, 1768, nom. cons.
- Crabgrass
- Specific epithet:
radicosa
- (Presl) Miq.
- Botanical name: - Digitaria radicosa (Presl) Miq.
- Specific epithet:
radicosa
- (Presl) Miq.
- Genus:
Digitaria
(
- Subtribe:
Digitariinae
(
- Tribe:
Paniceae
(
- Subfamily:
Panicoideae
(
- Family:
Gramineae
(
- Order:
Poales
(
- Superorder:
Juncanae
(
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
D. formosana Rendle • D. formosana var. hirsuta (Honda) Henrard • D. radicosa var. hirsuta (Honda) C. C. Hsu • D. tenuispica Rendle • D. timorensis (Kunth) Balansa • Digitaria chinensis Hornemann var. hirsuta (Honda) Ohwi • P. timorense Kunth • Panicum formosanum (Rendle) Makino & Nemoto • Panicum radicosum J. Presl • Reliq. Haenk. 1: 297. 1830 • S. formosana var. hirsuta Honda. • Syntherisma formosana (Rendle) Honda
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Similar Species
Members of the genus Digitaria
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 53 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
D. abyssinica (African Couchgrass) · D. arenicola (Fall Witchgrass) · D. argillacea (Tropical Crabgrass) · D. bicornis (Asia Crabgrass) · D. californica (Arizona Cottontop) · D. ciliaris (Fingergrass) · D. cognata (Carolina Cottontop) · D. cognata var. cognata (Carolina Crabgrass) · D. cognata var. pubiflora (Carolina Crabgrass) · D. cruciata (Crabgrass) · D. diagonalis (Brown-Seeded Finger Grass) · D. didactyla (Crabgrass) · D. dolichophylla (Caribbean Crabgrass) · D. eggersii (Eggers' Crabgrass) · D. eriantha (Pangola Grass) · D. eriantha subsp. eriantha (Crabgrass) · D. eriantha subsp. pentzii (Woolly Fingergrass) · D. exilis (Fonio) · D. filiformis (Slender Crabgrass) · D. floridana (Florida Crabgrass) · D. fuscescens (Yellow Crabgrass) · D. gracillima (Long-Leaf Crabgrass) · D. henryi (Henry´s Crabgrass) · D. hitchcockii (Short-Leaf Crabgrass) · D. horizontalis (Jamaica Crabgrass) · D. iburua (Black Fonio) · D. insularis (Sourgrass) · D. ischaemum (Small Crabgrass) · D. ischaemum var. ischaemum (Small Crabgrass) · D. longiflora (India Crabgrass) · D. milanjiana (Madagascar Crabgrass) · D. natalensis (Natal Crabgrass) · D. nuda (Naked Crabgrass) · D. panicea (Millet Crabgrass) · D. patens (Texas Cottontop) · D. pauciflora (Florida Pineland Crabgrass) · D. pubiflora (Carolina Crabgrass) · D. radicosa (Trailing Crabgrass) · D. sanguinalis (Crabgrass) · D. seriata (Crabgrass) · D. serotina (Blanket Crabgrass) · D. setigera (East Indian Crabgrass) · D. setivalva (Crabgrass) · D. similis (Roadside Crabgrass) · D. simpsonii (Isle-Of-Pines Crabgrass) · D. swalleniana (Swallen's Crabgrass) · D. ternata (Black-Seeded Crabgrass) · D. texana (Texas Crabgrass) · D. tomentosa (Woolly Crabgrass) · D. umfolozi (Crabgrass) · D. velutina (Annual Couchgrass) · D. villosa (Shaggy Crabgrass) · D. violascens (Violet Crabgrass)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 55.
- Botanical publications of E.D. Merrill. [New York, etc., 1899- url p. 55.
- Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 325.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 13, 2007:
- Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
- Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility, Magnoliophyta
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670880
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-506945
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13764967
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:146274-3
- GRIN Nomen Number: 403074
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506945
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: DIRA5
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 35600
Footnotes
- Shou-liang Chen & Sylvia M. Phillips "Digitaria". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 1, 500, 539. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Digitaria radicosa". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 540, 542, 543. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
