Dactylis glomerata (Cocksfoot Grass)

Interesting Facts

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This is an important pasture and forage grass that has been widely introduced into temperate and subtropical regions throughout the world (Cocksfoot, Orchard Grass). [source]

Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Barnyard Grass, Cocksfoot, Cocksfoot Grass, Cockspur, Orchard Grass, Orchard-Grass, Orchardgrass

Common Names in French:

Dactyle Pelotonné, Gramen Pelotonné

Common Names in German:

Knaulgras

Common Names in Italian:

Erba Mazzolina, Mazzolina

Common Names in Portuguese:

Dactilo, Panasco

Common Names in Russian:

ежа сборная, Eža Sbornaja

Common Names in Spanish:

Dactilo Aglomerado, Jopillo

Common Names in Swedish:

Hundäxing

Description

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Family Poaceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos . Flowering stems (culms ) jointed , internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks , differentiated into sheath, blade , and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins , modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate , veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs . Inflorescence terminal or axillary , an open, contracted , or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired , or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes ) empty, subtending 1 to many florets ; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn ), glumes also sometimes awned . Flowers bisexual or unisexual ; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy ; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary , anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear .

About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.[1]

Physical Description

Species Dactylis glomerata

Perennial , coarse . Culms solitary or tufted , erect or geniculate at base , 40-140 cm tall. Leaf sheaths strongly keeled ; leaf blades flat, (6-) 10-30 cm × 4-9 mm, abaxial surface scabrid along midrib and margin ; ligule 4-8 mm. Panicle oblong to ovate in outline, 5-15 cm; branches single or rarely paired at base, (3-) 5-15 cm, horizontal or ascending , lower part naked, upper part with dense fascicles of spikelets . Spikelets oblong to wedge-shaped, 5-9 mm, florets closely overlapping, green or purplish; glumes 4-5(-6.5) mm, scabrid or ciliolate along keel, margins membranous, apex acute to acuminate; lemmas 4-7 mm, lowest subequal to spikelet, scabrid or flanks short-pilose, apex with stout awn up to 1.5 mm. Anthers ca. 2.5 mm. Fl. and fr. May-Aug. 2n = 14, 28, 42. [source]

The typical form, subsp. glomerata (2n = 28), has a relatively compact panicle, broad spikelet fascicles, and conspicuously ciliate lemma keels. Other forms, widespread in China and the Himalayas, have a looser panicle with long flexuose branches, narrower spikelet fascicles, and only minutely ciliolate lemma keels. The names subsp. sinensis, subsp. himalayensis, and the European name subsp. slovenica (Domin) Domin have been applied to these forms. A chromosome count of 2n = 14 has been recorded for subsp. himalayensis. The basis of this variation , the correct application of these names, and their relationship to similar variants from outside China are not yet understood. [source]

Habit: Graminoid

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May, June. • Flower Color: green

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 12-18" tall.

Habitat

Mountain slopes , light forest shade, other grassy places; 1400-3600 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,653 meters (0 to 15,266 feet).[3]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 3-6" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Liliopsida () - Scopoli, 1760
        Subclass: Commelinidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Poanae () - (Small, 1903) Takhtajan, 1997 Ex Reveal & Doweld, 1999
        Order: Poales () - Small, 1903
        Family: Poaceae () - (R. Brown) Barnhart, 1895 - Grass Family
        Subfamily: Pooideae ()
        Tribe: Poeae ()
        Genus: Dactylis () - Linnaeus, 1753
        Specific epithet: glomerata - Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 71. 1753.
        Botanical name: - Dactylis glomerata

Unambiguous Synonyms

Bromus glomeratus (L.) Scop.
D. glomerata altaica (Besser) Domin
D. glomerata himalay-ensis Domin.
D. glom-erata sinensis A. Camus
D. glomerata var. altaica (Besser) Keng
Dactylis altaica Besser
Festuca glomerata (L.) All.
Festuca glomerata (L.) Spreng.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Sp. pl. 1:71. 1753

Name verified on 07-May-1992 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 20-Nov-2007

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Dactylis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 120 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

D. abbreviata · D. adscendens · D. altaica · D. aschersoniana · D. atlantica · D. bombycina · D. brevifolia · D. caespitosa · D. calycina · D. canariensis · D. capitata · D. capitellata · D. caudata · D. ciliaris · D. ciliata · D. cristata · D. cylindracea · D. cynosuroides · D. decalcata · D. didactylis · D. disticha · D. distichophylla · D. fasciculata · D. geniculata · D. glauca · D. glaucescens · D. gloimerata · D. glomerara · D. glomerata (Cocksfoot Grass) · D. glomerata aschersoniana (Ascherson's Orchardgrass) · D. glomerata 'Aurea' · D. glomerata glomerata (Orchard Grass) · D. glomerata 'Grassly' · D. glomerata hispanica (Orchard Grass) · D. glomerata 'Latar' · D. glomerata 'Ludac' · D. glomerata 'Ludovic' · D. glomerata 'Lupre' · D. glomerata 'Luron' · D. glomerata 'Medly' · D. glomerata 'Pauite' · D. glomerata 'Pennlate' · D. glomerata 'Potomac' · D. glomerata 'Starly' · D. glomerata subsp. hylodes · D. glomerata subsp. hyrcana · D. glomerata subsp. ibizensis · D. glomerata subsp. izcoi · D. glomerata subsp. marina · D. glomerata subsp. nestorii · D. glomerata subsp. oceanica · D. glomerata 'Tekapo' · D. glomerata var. congesta · D. glomerata var. marina · D. glomerata var. variegata · D. glomerata 'Variegata' (Orchard Grass) · D. glomerata vivipara · D. glomeratus · D. glomerta · D. golmerata · D. heterophylla · D. hirta · D. hispanica · D. hispanica subsp. lusitanica · D. hispida · D. hyrcana · D. ibizensis · D. interrupta · D. juncinella · D. kirschbaumii · D. kovarovicii · D. laevis · D. lagopodioides · D. lagopoides · D. lima · D. littoralis · D. lobata · D. longifolia · D. lusitanica · D. madraspatensis · D. marina · D. maritima · D. massaviensis · D. memphitica · D. metlesicsii · D. mucronata · D. nemorosa · D. noeana · D. obtusifolia · D. ortmanniana · D. ovata · D. paispaloides · D. palaestina · D. paleacea · D. paspaloides · D. patens · D. paucinervis · D. pendula · D. pentadactylis · D. peylii

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Butterflies and moths (British) by W. Furneaux London, Longmans, Green, and Co., 1894. ENG url p. 176, p. 177.
Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- ENG url p. 126, p. 133, p. 155, p. 157, p. 158, p. 159, p. 160, p. 297, p. 379, p. 4.
Caroli Linnaei Opera. Editio prima critica, plena, ad editiones veras exacta, textum nullo rei detrimento contractum locosque editionum discrepantes exhibens. Vol. 2., Systema vegetabilium; libros diagnostico-botanicos co Lipsiae, Sumptum fecit O. Wigand, 1835 [i.e. 1835-1840] LAT url p. 45, p. 45, p. 84.
Catalog of Ohio vascular plants: arranged according to the phyletic classification: with notes on the geographical distribution in the state, based mainly on specimens in the State Herbarium, Botanical Laboratory, the Ohio State Uni by John H. Schaffner Columbus: Ohio State University, 1914. ENG url p. 148.
Catalog of hymenoptera in America north of Mexico / prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein [et al.]. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1979- ENG url p. 2521, p. 757.
Catalogue de la flore li�geoise; par Th�ophile Durand Li�ge, Au secr�tariat de la F�d�ration, 1878. FRE url p. 72.
Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. ENG url p. 372.
Catalogue of the flora of Montana and the Yellowstone National Park. New York, 1900. ENG url p. 469.
Catalogue raisonn des plantes qui croissent spontanment dans le dpartement de la Dordogne. distribues d'aprs le synopsis florae Germanicae et Helveticae du docteur G.D.J. Koch / par Charles Des Moulins. Bordeaux: Th. Lafargue, 1840. FRE url p. 374, p. 449.
Catalogus dipterorum hucusque descriptorum auctore Dr. C. Kertesz. Lipsiae: G. Engelmann, 1902. LAT url p. 144, p. 93.
Chloris platensis argentina / por Crist�bal M. Hicken. Buenos Aires: J.A. Alsina, 1910. SPA url p. 48.
Christiania amegns phanerogamer og bregner, med angivelse af deres udbredelse samt en indledning om vegetationens afhaengighed af underlaget, af A. Blytt. Christiania [Norway]: Trykt hos Br�gger & Christie /1870. NOR url p. 41.
Circular / United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Agrostology. Washington, D.C.: The Division, 1895-1901. ENG url p. 11, p. 2.
Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des s�ances de l'Acad�mie des sciences. Paris: publi�s avec le concours du Centre national de la recherche scientifique par MM. les secr�taires perp�tuels: -1965. FRE url p. 1510.
Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des s�ances de l'Acad�mie des sciences. Paris: publi�s avec le concours du Centre national de la recherche scientifique par MM. les secr�taires perp�tuels: -1965. FRE url p. 211.
Conspectul florei Rom�niei. Plantele vasculare indigene si cele naturalizate ce se gasesc pe teritoriul Rom�niei, considerate subt punctul de vedere sistematic si geografic, de D. Grecescu. Bucuresti, Tip. Dreptatea, 1898. RUM url p. 624, p. 760.
Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- ENG url p. 108, p. 111.
Contributions to the botany of Vermont. Burlington, Vt.: Botanical Dept., University of Vermont, 1898-1911. ENG url p. 167, p. 17, p. 182.
Curtii Sprengel Flora Halensis. Halae: Sumtibus Kmmelii, 1832. LAT url p. 56.
Curtii Sprengel Florae Halensis tentamen novum. Halae Saxonum: Sumtibus C.A. Kmmelii, 1806. LAT url p. 35.
Dansk ornithologisk forenings tidsskrift. [Kavn]: Den Forening, [1907- DAN url p. 182.
Dansk plantevaekst / af Eug. Warming. K�benhavn og Kristiania: Gyldendal, 1906-1909. DAN url p. 20, p. 25, p. 26, p. 28, p. 280, p. 29, p. 31, p. 46, p. 59.
Das natrliche System des Pflanzenreiches nachgewiesen in der Flora von Jena. Jena, Hochhausen, 1839. GER url p. 164.
Davis, P. H., ed. 1965–1988. Flora of Turkey and the east Aegean islands. (F Turk)
Den norrl�ndska florans: geografiska f�rdelning och invandringshistoria; med s�rskild h�nsyn till dess sydskandinaviskar arter / af Gunnar Andersson och Selim Birger. Uppsala: Almqvist & Wiksell, 1912. SWE url p. 165, p. 315.
Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe. Wien: Aus der Kaiserlich-K�niglichen Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, 1850-1918. GER url p. 114, p. 124, p. 184, p. 219, p. 258, p. 469, p. 483, p. 518, p. 76, p. 85.
Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs skrifter. K�benhavn. DAN url p. 367.
Det Kongelige Norske videnskabers selskabs skrifter. Trondhjem: Aktietrykkeriet, -1969. DAN url p. 112.
Deutsche Schmetterlingskunde f�r Anf�nger. Nebst einer Anleitung zum Sammeln, von Dr. A. Speyer. Leipzig, Oehmigke[1880] GER url p. 128, p. 96.
Deutsche botanische Monatsschrift. [Sondershausen: Verlag der Redaktion, 1883-1912]. GER url p. 208, p. 229, p. 48.
Dictionary of biological equivalents, German-English, by Ernst Artschwager Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins company, 1930. ENG url p. 39.
Die Flora des Puschlav (Bezirk Bernina, Kanton Graub�nden) von H. Brockmann-Jerosch. Leipzig, W. Engelmann, 1907. GER url p. 75.
Die Flora von Davos. Davos, Richter, 1882. GER url p. 53.
Die Flora von K�rnten. Klagenfurt, Kleinmayr, 1853. GER url p. 115.
Die Gartenwelt. Berlin: G. Schmidt, [1897- GER url p. 187, p. 250, p. 319, p. 54.
Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde: eine systematische Bearbeitung der bis jetzt bekannten Gross-Schmetterlinge / von Professor Dr. Adalbert Seitz. Stuttgart: Alfred Kernen, 1909- GER url p. 106.
Die Nat�rlichen Pflanzenfamilien nebst ihren Gattungen und wichtigeren Arten, insbesondere den Nutzpflanzen, unter Mitwirkung zahlreicher hervorragender Fachgelehrten begr�ndet von A. Engler und K. Prantl, fortgesetzt von A. Engler Leipzig, W. Engelmann, 1887-1909. GER url p. 54.
Die Ostsudeten; eine floristische Skizze. Br�nn, Landesdurch-forschungs-Komemission, 1914. GER url p. 35, p. 40, p. 41.
Die Pflanzendecke �sterreich-Ungarns. Auf Grund fremder und eigener Forschungen geschildert, von Dr. August Edler von Hayek. Hrsg. mit einem Druckkostenbeitrag der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien. Leipzig, F. Deuticke, 1916- [i.e. 1914] GER url p. 131, p. 143, p. 270, p. 272, p. 280, p. 493, p. 98.
Die Pflanzenfeinde aus der Klasse der Insekten. Ein nach Pflanzenfamilien geordnetes Handbuch s�mmtlicher auf den einheimischen Pflanzen bisher beobachteten Insekten zum Gebrauch f�r Entomologen, Insektensammler, Botaniker, Land- und Forstwirthe un von J. Stuttgart, J. Hoffmann, 1874. GER url p. 742, p. 748, p. 749, p. 753, p. 754.
Die Pflanzenwelt Norwegens. Ein Beitrag zur Natur- und Culturgeschichte Nord-Europas, von F.C. Sch�beler. Christiania, A.W. Br�gger, 1873-1875. GER url p. 102, p. 115, p. 392, p. 451.
Die Phanerogamen - Flora Oesels und der benachbarten Eilande und Beitrag zur Flora der Insel Runoe / von Arthur Baron v. Sass. Dorpat: Druck von H. Laakmann, 1860. GER url p. 83.
Die Pilze (Fungi) von Tirol, Vorarlberg und Liechtenstein. Unter Beistand von K.W. v. Dalla Torre und Ludwig Grafen v. Sarnthein bearb. von Paul Magnus. Innsbruck, Verlag der Wagner'schen Universitts-Buchh., 1905. GER url p. 516, p. 88.
Die Pljesivica und ihr Verbindungszug mit dem Velebit in botanischer Hinsicht. A Pljesvica s a Velebittel �sszek�t� hegyvonulat botan. viszonyai. Von Ludwig Rossi. Budapest, Pallas Irodalmi �s Nyomdai R�szv�nyt�rsas�g, 1913. GER url p. 15.
Die Pusztenflora der grossen ungarischen Tiefebene / von Franz Woenig; mit einer farbigen Beilage und zahlreichen Pflanzenbildern im Text von Maler Ernst Kiesling; nach des Verfassers Tode herausgegeben von E.S. Z�rn. Leipzig: Verlag von Carl Meyers Graphischem Institut, 1899. GER url p. 131, p. 32, p. 99.
Die Schmetterlinge Deutschlands mit besonderer Ber�cksichtigung ihrer Biologie, von Dr. Karl Eckstein Stuttgart, K.G. Lutz' Verlag[1913]-33. GER url p. 82.
Die bisher bekannten Pflanzen Galiziens und der Bukowina, von Josef Armin Knapp. Wien, W. Braum�ller, 1872. GER url p. 26, p. 427.
Die insekten Mitteleuropas insbesondere Deutschlands. Bearb. (in den ersten 8 b�nden) von G. Aulmann, C. B�rner, E. Enslin, [u.a.] Hrsg., von Christoph Schr�der. Stuttgart, Franckhsche verlagshandlung, 1914-[26] GER url p. 147.
Die mikroskopischen Pilze / von Gustav Lindau. Berlin: J. Springer, 1922. GER url p. 42.
Die wirtwechselnden Rostpilze; Versuch einer Gesamtdarstellung ihrer biologischen Verhltnisse, von H. Klebahm. Berlin, Gebrder Borntraeger, 1904. GER url p. 180, p. 232, p. 432, p. 436.
Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz Leipzig: E. Kummer, 1884-1966. GER url p. 115, p. 1231, p. 131, p. 162, p. 361, p. 402, p. 471, p. 77, p. 79, p. 795.
Dritter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Phanerogamenflora von B�hmen, von Karl Domin. [Prag, 1904] GER url p. 67.
Edinburgh Journal of Natural and Geographical Sciences. url p. 57.
Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal. url p. 146, p. 321.
Embryogenesis in plants. London, Methuen;[1955] ENG url p. 353.
Englert, J. M. et al. 1999–. USDA-NRCS Improved conservation plant materials released by NRCS and cooperators. (NRCS Cons Pl Mat)
Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae: exhiben: stirpes phanerogamas sponte crescentes atque frequentius cultas, cryptogamas vasculares, charceas, etiam muscos hepaticasque / auctore Phil. Johanne Ferdinando Schur. Vindobonae: Apud G. Braumhuller, 1866. GER url p. 782.
Enumeratio plantarum anno 1890 in Caucaso lectarum: additis nonnullis speciebus a claris viris H. Lojka, G. Radde, N. Seidlitz et fratr. Brotherus in eadem ditione lectis / S. Sommier et E. Levier, cum tabulis lithographicis XLIX ab E. Levier et C. Cuisi Petropoli: Typ. Imp. akademii nauk, 1900. FRE url p. 449, p. 557.
Enumeratio plantarum vascularium in insula Inarime sponte provenientium vel oeconomico usu passim cultarum, auctore Joanne Gussone. Neapoli, Ex Vanni Typographeo, 1854. LAT url p. 369.
Enumeratio stirpium florae Helveticae: secundum ordines naturales disposita / auctore Th. Wegelin. Turici: Typis O. Fuesslini, 1838. LAT url p. 2.
Erd�ly ed�nyes fl�r�j�nak helyesbitett foglalata / Enumeratio florae transsilvanicae vesculosae critica / ex mandato Societatis Scientiarum Naturalium Regiae Hungaricae scripsit Ludovicus Simonkai. a Kir. Magyar Term�szettudom�nyi T�rsulat megbiz�s�bol ir Budapest: Kiadja a Kir. Magyar Term�szettudom�nyi T�rsulat, 1886. HUN url p. 582.
Erwin Frink Smith: a story of North American plant pathology. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1952. ENG url p. 477.
Erythea. a journal of botany, West American and general. Berkeley, Calif., University of California, 1893-1922. ENG url p. 126, p. 65.
Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. ENG url p. 1074, p. 136, p. 142, p. 153, p. 176, p. 193, p. 226, p. 227, p. 228, p. 244, p. 246, p. 268, p. 271, p. 294, p. 316, p. 331, p. 430, p. 442, p. 442, p. 453, p. 469, p. 471, p. 51, p. 56, p. 57, p. 624, p. 629, p. 631, p. 632, p. 634, p. 667, p. 72, p. 740, p. 759, p. 767, p. 786, p. 795, p. 802, p. 977.
Family #15, Gramineae / Richard W. Pohl. [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1980. ENG url p. 16, p. 165, p. 166, p. 599.
Fauna Austriaca: die Fliegen (Diptera) Nach der analytischen Methode bearb., mit der Characteristik almmilicher europ�ischer Gattungen, der Beechraibung aller in Deutschland vorkommenden Arten und der Aufzahlung aller von J. Rudolph Schiner. Wien: C. Gerolds Sohn, 1862-64. GER url p. 391, p. 391, p. 415.
Fauna, flora & geology of the Clyde area, ed. by G.F. Scott Elliot, Malcolm Laurie and J. Barclay Murdoch. Glasgow, Pub. by the local committee for the meeting of the British Association, 1901. ENG url p. 130.
Femhundra afbildningar af mera allm�nt f�rekommande svenska v�xter: f�r skolan och hemmet / med text af N. J. Andersson. Stockholm: Z. Haeggstr�m, 1870. SWE url p. 84.
Fifty years of botany; golden jubilee volume of the Botanical Society of America, edited by William Campbell Steere. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1958. ENG url p. 184, p. 191.
Flora Altaica; scripsit Carolus Fridericus a Ledebour, adiutoribus Car. Ant. Meyer et Al. a Bunge. Berolini, G. Reimeri, 1829-33. LAT url p. 104.
Flora Atlantica, sive, Historia plantarum quae in Atlante, agro Tunetano et Algeriensi crescunt / auctore Renato Desfontaines. Parisiis: Apud Blanchon, 1800. LAT url p. 79.
Flora Badensis, Alsatica et confinium regionum cis et transrhenana plantas a lacu Bodamico usque ad confluentem Mosellae et Rheni sponte nascentes: exhibens secundum systema sexuale cum iconibus ad naturam dileneatis / auctore Carolo Christiano Gmelin. Carlsruhae: In Officina A. Mlleriana, 1805-1826. LAT url p. 730.
Flora Berolinensis, sive, Enumeratio plantarum circa Berolinum sponte crescentium secundum familias naturales disposita / auctore Carolo Sigismundo Kunth. Berolini: Duncker et Humblot, 1838. LAT url p. 394.
Flora Comense: disposta secondo il sistema di Linneo / dal professore Giuseppe Comolli. Como: C.P. Ostinelli, 1834-1857. ITA url p. 118.
Flora Friburgensis et regionum proxime adjacentium, auctore F.C.L. Spenner. Friburgi Brisgoviae, Typis Friderici Wagner, 1825-1829. LAT url p. 133.
Flora Helvetica: exhibens plantas Helvetiae indigenas Hallerianas, et omnes quae nuper detectae sunt ordine Linnaeano / curavit Johann Rudolf Suter. Turici: Impensis Orell, Fuesli, 1802. LAT url p. 39, p. 405.
Flora Italica; sistens plantas in Italia et in insulis circumstantibus sponte nascentes. Bononiae, R. Masi, 1833-1854. LAT url p. 583.
Flora Peoriana; the vegetation in the climate of middle Illinois. Peoria, Ill., J. W. Franks, 1887. ENG url p. 38.
Flora Petropolitana. Sistens plantas in Gubernio Petropolitano sponte crescentes, tam eas quae olim in Flora Ingrica Krascheninnikovii a Gortero enumeratae sunt, quam novas post annum 1764 hucuque a variis botanicis Petro curante Gregorio Sobolewskj. Petropoli, Typis Collegii Imperialis Medici, 1799. LAT url p. 25.
Flora Scotica; or, A description of Scottish plants, arranged both according to the artificial and natural methods. London, Printed by R. and A. Taylor, for A. Constable, 1821. ENG url p. 169.
Flora Veneta, seu Enumeratio plantarum circa Venetiam nascentium, secundum methodum Linnanam disposita / auctore Stephano Moricand. Vol. I. Genev: Ex Typ. J.J. Paschoud, 1820. LAT url p. 42.
Flora balearica, �tude phytog�ographique sur les �les Bal�ares, par Herman Knoche. [Montpellier, France, Imp. Roum�gous et D�han]1921-1923. FRE url p. 318.
Flora del Modenese e del Reggiano / dei Professori G. Gibelli e R. Pirotta. Modena: Tip. di G.T. Vincenzi, 1882. ITA url p. 182.
Flora der Insel Moon, nebst orographisch-geognostischer Darstellung ihres Bodens. Dorpat, H. Laakmann, 1854. GER url p. 61.
Flora der Nordfriesischen Inseln / von Paul Knuth. Kiel; Lipsius & Tischer, 1895. GER url p. 146.
Flora der Schweiz, von Joh. Hegetschweiler. Fortgesetzt und hrsg. von Osw. Heer. Zrich, F. Schulthess, 1840. GER url p. 88, p. 999.
Flora der Umgebung Lemsals und Laudohns; zwei Beitr�ge zur Flora Livlands, von A. Rapp. Hrsg. und mit einer phytogeographischen Einleitung versehen von J. Klinge. Riga, W.F. H�cker, 1895. GER url p. 23, p. 25, p. 31, p. 86.
Flora der gef�rsteten Grafshaft Tirol, des Landes Vorarlberg und des F�rstenthumes Liechtenstein. Nach eigenen und fremden Beobachtungen, Sammlungen und den Litteraturquellen bearb. von K.W. v. Dalla Torre und Ludwig Grafen von Sarnthein. Innsbruck, Verlag der Wagner'-schen Universit�ts-Buchhandlung, 1900-1913. GER url p. 516, p. 88.
Flora des Unter-Donau-Kreises, oder, Aufzhlung und kurze Beschreibung der im Unter-Donau-Kreise wildwachsenden Pflanzen. Passau, Pustet, 1831. GER url p. 271.
Flora hibernica: comprising the flowering plants, ferns, Charace, Musci, Hepatic, Lichenes and Alg of Ireland: arranged according to the natural system with a synopsis of the genera according to the Linnan system / by James Townsend Mackay. Dublin: W. Curry jun., 1836. ENG url p. 307.
Flora italiana; ossia, Descrizione delle piante che crescono spontanee o vegetano come tali in Italia e nelle isole ad essa aggaicenti; disposta secondo il metodo naturale. Firenze, Tip. Le Monnier, 1848-1896. ITA url p. 458.
Flora melitensis nova [by] S. Sommier et A. Caruana Gatto. Firenze, Stabilimento Pellas, 1915. ITA url p. 322, p. 400.
Flora of Ann Arbor and vicinity. Ann Arbor, [Mich.]: Courier Steam Print. House, 1876. ENG url p. 112.
Flora of Colorado, by P.A. Rydberg. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. ENG url p. 40, p. 40.
Flora of Costa Rica by Paul C. Standley Chicago, 1937. ENG url p. 74.
Flora of Delaware and the Eastern Shore: an annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of the peninsula of Delaware, Maryland and Virginia. [Wilmington]: Society of Natural History of Delaware, 1946. ENG url p. 24.
Flora of Illinois, containing keys for identification of flowering plants and ferns. Notre Dame, Ind., University of Notre Dame Press, 1963. ENG url p. 334.
Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. ENG url p. 111, p. 1187.
Flora of Lancaster County; being descriptions of the seed- plants growing naturally in Lancaster County, Pennsylvanial. By John Kunkel Small and Joel Jackson Carter. New York, 1913. ENG url p. 32.
Flora of Los Angeles and vicinity / by LeRoy Abrams. Stanford University, Cal. 1917. ENG url p. 43.
Flora of Nebraska; a list of the conifers and flowering plants of the state, with keys for their determination. [Lincoln, Neb., Printed by State Printing Co., 1912] ENG url p. 32.
Flora of New Bedford and the shores of Buzzards Bay, with a procession of the flowers. New Bedford [Mass.]E. Anthony, 1911. ENG url p. 102, p. 29, p. 41, p. 72.
Flora of New Mexico / by E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Washington: G.P.O., 1915. ENG url p. 98.
Flora of Pennsylvania. Edited with the addition of analytical keys by John Kunkel Small. Boston, Ginn & Co., 1903. ENG url p. 34.
Flora of Vermont. List of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation. Prepared by Vermont Botanical Club. Burlington, Vt., Free Press Print. Co., 1915. ENG url p. 167.
Flora of West Virginia, by Charles Frederick Millspaugh and Lawrence William Nuttall. Chicago, 1896. ENG url p. 194.
Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New era printing company, 1914. ENG url p. 33.
Flora of southern and Lower California: a check-list of the flowering plants and ferns / by Charles Russell Orcutt. San Diego, Calif.: [s.n.], 1885. ENG url p. 11.
Flora of the Black Hills of South Dakota. By P.A. Rydberg. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1896. ENG url p. 531.
Flora of the Indiana dunes, a handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the lake Michigan Coast of Indiana and of the Calumet District, by Donald Culross Peattie. Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1930. ENG url p. 69.
Flora of the northwest coast, including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon. By Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1915. ENG url p. 52.
Flora of the southern United States: containing an abridged description of the flowering plants and ferns of Tennessee, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida: arranged a By A.W. Chapman, M.D. The ferns by Prof. Daniel C. Ea New York, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor & Co., 1887 [c1883] ENG url p. 564.
Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. ENG url p. 128.
Flora padovana; ossia, Prospetto floristico e fitogeografico delle piante vascolari indigene inselvatichite o largamente coltivate crescenti nella provincia di Padova; con notizie storico-bibliografiche sulle fonti d Padova, Prem. Soc. coop. tip., 1909-1914. ITA url p. 156, p. 640, p. 732.
Flora von Admont. [Wien, 1881] GER url p. 20.
Flora von Bosnien, der Herzegowina und des Sandzaks Novipazar. Wien, In Kommission bei C. Gerold, 1904. GER url p. 37.
Flora von Brixen a. E.; ein mit Standorts- und H�henangaben versehenes Verzeichnis der im weiteren Gebiete von Brixen a. E. (S�dtirol) beobachteten wildwachsenden h�heren Sporen- und Samenpflanzen, der Nutzgew�chse und Zierg Wien, Deuticke, 1911. GER url p. 35.
Flora von Fiume. [Wien, 1879] GER url p. 384.
Flora von Nieder-�sterreich. Handbuch zur Bestimmung s�mmtlicher in diesem Kronlande und den angrenzenden Gebieten wildwachsenden, h�ufig gebauten und verwildert vorkommenden Samenpflanzen und F�hrer zu weiteren botanischen Forsc Wein, C. Gerold, 1890-93. GER url p. 32, p. 59, p. 66, p. 77.
Flora von Niederhessen und Mnden. Beschreibung aller im Gebiete wildwachsenden und im Grossen angebauten Pflanzen. Kassel, T. Fischer, 1847-1855. GER url p. 106.
Flora von Nieder�sterreich. Zum Gebrauche auf Excursionen und zum Selbstunterricht bearbeitet von Eugen von Hal�csy. Prag, F. Tempsky, 1896. GER url p. 571.
Flora von Pommern. Cslin, Hendess, 1828-1835. GER url p. 54.
Flora von Schlesien, preussischen und �sterreichischen Antheils, oder, Vom oberen Oder- und Weichsel-Quellen-Gebiet. Nach nat�rlichen Familien, mit Hinweisung auf das Linn�ische System. Breslau, F. Hirt, 1857. GER url p. 56.
Flora von Steiermark: systematische �bersicht der in Steiermark wildwachsenden und allgemein gebauten bl�henden Gew�chse und Farne: mit Angabe der Standorte, der Bl�tezeit und Dauer / aus dem Nachlasse von Josef Karl Maly. Wien: Wilhelm Braum�ller, 1868. GER url p. 23.
Flora von Tirol. Ein Verzeichniss der in Tirol und Vorarlberg wild wachsenden und h�esiger gebauten Gef�sspflanzen. Mit Ber�cksichtigung ihrer Verbreitung und �rtlichen Verh�ltnisse verfasst und nach Koch's Synopsis d von Frz. Freih. v. Hausmann. Innsbruck, Wagner, 1851. GER url p. 1293, p. 1566.
Flora von Wien; eine Aufz�hlung der in den Umgebungen Wiens wild wachsenden oder im grossen gebauten Gef�sspflanzen, nebst einer pflanzen-geografischen Uebersicht. Wien, F. Beck, 1868. GER url p. 35.
Florae Graecae prodromus; sive Plantarum omnium enumeratio, quas in provinciis aut insulis Graeciae invenit Johannes Sibthorp. Hic illic etiam insertae sunt pauculae species quas vir idem Graeciam versus navigans, in itinere, praesertim apud Italiam e Londini, Typis Richardi Taylor, veneunt apud J. White, 1806-13. LAT url p. 58.
Flore de l'�le de Lesbos: plantes sauvages et cultiv�es / par C.A. Candargy. �ster-Z�rich: A. Diggelmann, 1889. FRE url p. 23.
Flore de la Suisse / par Hans Schinz et Robert Keller. Lausanne: F. Rouge, 1909. FRE url p. 61.
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Notes

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Contributors

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 21, 2007.
"Dactylis glomerata". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 310. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 03, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 5 providers.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 13, 2007:

Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México
European Environment Agency, EUNIS
GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
, Vascular Plant Herbarium
GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2664474
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-193446
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13726675
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75745-2
GRIN Nomen Number: 13114
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 193446
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA1Y020
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: DAGLV DAGL
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 34293

Footnotes

Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
"Dactylis glomerata". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 310. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 291.340 meters (955.840 feet), Standard Deviation = 535.420 based on 3,765 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Dactylis glomerata

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Common Names

Description

Family Poaceae

Physical Description

Species Dactylis glomerata

Size/Age/Growth

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Biology

Reproduction

Growth

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Dactylis

More Info

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Notes

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