Cyrtandra kaalae

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Common Names

Description

Family Gesneriaceae

Herbs, shrubs , or rarely trees . Leaves opposite or rarely alternate, whorled or basal, rosette forming; exstipulate ; usually simple , rarely shallowly to deeply lobed , pinnately or rarely palmately veined. Inflorescences usually cymes, rarely racemes , axillary , often near apex and appearing terminal ; usually pedunculate . Flowers perfect , zygomorphic, seldom actinomorphic . Calyx actinomorphic, rarely zygomorphic; usually (4 or) 5-divided. Corolla gamopetalous, zygomorphic, rarely actinomorphic; usually 2-lipped. Fertile stamens 2 or 4, then often didynamous , rarely 5, epipetalous ; anthers free or coherent, thecae 2, parallel, divergent, or divaricate ; staminodes 1-3 or absent. Disc ringlike to cupular, rarely absent. Ovary superior in all Old World taxa [half inferior, or inferior], 1-loculed; gynophore seldom present; placentas (1 or) 2, parietal , rarely 2-loculed, placenta 1 per locule and axile ; ovules numerous , anatropous . Style 1; stigmas 1 or 2. Fruit usually capsular , loculicidal, septicidal , or circumscissile, rarely a berry, indehiscent. Seeds numerous, fusiform to ellipsoid or ovoid , minute, sometimes with appendages at 1 or both ends, with or without endosperm; embryo straight, cotyledons equal or unequal after germination.

About 133 genera and 3000 species: Africa, Central and South America, E and S Asia, S Europe, Oceania; 56 genera (25 endemic) and 442 species (354 endemic) in China.

A few foreign well-known ornamental species are cultivated in China, including the florist's gloxinia, Sinningia speciosa (Loddiges) Hiern, and African violet, Saintpaulia ionantha Wendland.

The two ovary carpels may each produce a stigma; these stigmas are fused into a single structure. Some students of Gesneriaceae have considered the stigma to be single and either simple (capitate) or 2-lobed, whereas others consider each of the two stigmas as units . We have maintained the latter usage , but a family-wide investigation of stigma development is needed. The distinction can be blurred, however, because the stigmas may be completely fused into one with a capitate apex (as in Didymocarpus) or one of the two carpels or stigmas may be aborted resulting in a single stigma that may or may not be 2-lobed.Wencai Wang, Kai-yu Pan, Zhen-yu Li, Anna L. Weitzman & Laurence E. Skog "Gesneriaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 244. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Genus Cyrtandra

Herbs, shrubs , or seldom small trees , perennial , terrestrial , not rhizomatous . Stems branched or simple . Leaves usually few, along stem, opposite, whorled , or rarely alternate, equal to subequal in a pair; leaf blade glabrous to densely pubescent , pilose , villous , or sericeous , base attenuate to cuneate, rarely to cordate. Inflorescences lax or dense, axillary or rarely cauliflorous , 1- to many-flowered cymes; bracts 2 or absent, opposite. Calyx actinomorphic or zygomorphic; 2-5(or 6) -lobed; lobes equal to unequal. Corolla white to yellow, occasionally green, orange, reddish, or purplish, zygomorphic or rarely actinomorphic, inside glabrous to pubescent; tube campanulate to salverform , funnelform , or cylindric , not swollen, usually much longer than limb; limb usually 2-lipped; adaxial lip 2-lobed, shorter than to slightly exceeding abaxial lip; abaxial lip 3-lobed, lobes equal or central lobe longer, apex rounded or obtuse , rarely acute. Stamens 2, adnate to abaxial side of corolla tube near middle , usually included ; anthers basifixed to dorsifixed , coherent or free , thecae slightly divergent to divergent, confluent or not, dehiscing longitudinally; connective not projecting or apiculate ; staminodes 2 or 3, adnate to adaxial side of corolla tube. Disc ringlike or rarely cupular. Ovary ovoid to oblong , 1-loculed; placentas 2, parietal , projecting inward, 2-cleft. Stigma 1, terminal , capitate to ovoid or obtriangular, undivided or sometimes 2-lobed. Berry fleshy to leathery, ovoid to oblong, slightly longer to shorter than calyx, indehiscent. Seeds unappendaged.

About 350-600 species: SE Asia, Pacific Islands; one species in China."Cyrtandra". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 395. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Cyrtandra arcuata St. John
2. Cyrtandra kaalae St. John & Storey (pro sp.)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Cyrtandra

There are approximately 467 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. acuminifolia · C. acutangula · C. adnata · C. adpressa · C. adusta · C. agrihanensis · C. agusanensis · C. alata (Cyrtandra) · C. albula · C. alnea (Cyrtandra) · C. aloisiana · C. ambigua (Ambiguous Cyrtandra) · C. ambiqua · C. amicta · C. ampla · C. anaxie · C. angularis · C. angustielliptica · C. angustivenosa · C. anise · C. anisophylla · C. anthropophagorum · C. antoniana · C. apaensis · C. apiculata · C. apoensis · C. arborescens · C. arfakensis · C. argentata · C. argentata subsp. latifolia · C. athrocarpa · C. atomigyna (Cyrtandra) · C. atrichoides · C. attenuata · C. aundensis · C. aurantiaca · C. auranticarpa · C. aurea · C. auriculata · C. axillaris · C. axilliflora (Axilflower Cyrtandra) · C. baileyi · C. basiflora · C. basipartita (Cyrtandra) · C. beccarii · C. bicolor · C. biflora · C. biformalis · C. biserrata (Double-Toothed Cyrtandra) · C. bracteolosa · C. brevicaulis · C. brighamii · C. bruteliana · C. burbidgei · C. burleyana · C. burttii · C. calciphila · C. callicarpifolia · C. calpidicarpa (Valley Cyrtandra) · C. calyptribracteata · C. campanulata · C. capsularis · C. carinata (Cyrtandra) · C. caudatisepala (Cyrtandra) · C. caulescens (Cyrtandra) · C. cauliflora · C. cephalophora · C. chippendalei · C. chlamydocalyx · C. chlorantha · C. christophersenii (Christophersen's Cyrtandra) · C. chrysea · C. cladantha (Cyrtandra) · C. clarkei · C. coccinea · C. commsii · C. compressa · C. confertiflora (Lava Cyrtandra) · C. confertiflora var. confertiflora · C. confertiflora var. obovata · C. confusa · C. congestiflora · C. connata · C. conradtii (Conradt's Cyrtandra) · C. constricta · C. copelandii · C. cordata · C. cordifolia (Heart-Leaved Cyrtandra) · C. crassifolia (Cyrtandra) · C. crassior (Cyrtandra) · C. crenata (Kahana Valley Cyrtandra) · C. crockerella · C. cryptantha · C. cumingii · C. cuneata · C. cuprea · C. cupulata · C. cupuliformis (Cyrtandra) · C. cyaneoides (Mapele) · C. cymosa

Bibliography

• Wang Wentsai, Pan Kaiyu, & Li Zhenyu. 1990. Gesneriaceae. In: Wang Wentsai, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 69: 125-581.

More Info

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Notes

Contributors

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Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 460674
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-34171
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13747929
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:379643-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 34171
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 379643-1
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CYKA
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 34067

Footnotes

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