Croton argyranthemus

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Euphorbiaceae

The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,085 meters (0 to 6,841 feet).[1]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 12-15" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Drepadenium argyranthes (Michx.) Raf. • Oxydectes argyranthema (Michx.) Kuntze

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Croton

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 61 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. alabamensis (Alabama Croton) · C. alabamensis var. alabamensis (Alabama Croton) · C. alabamensis var. texensis (Alabama Croton) · C. argenteus (Silver July Croton) · C. argyranthemus (Healing Croton) · C. astroites (Wild Marrow) · C. betulinus (Beechleaf Croton) · C. bonplandianus (Bonpland's Croton) · C. californicus (California Croton) · C. californicus var. californicus (California Croton) · C. capitatus (Hogwort) · C. capitatus var. lindheimeri (Lindheimers Hogwort) · C. cascarilla (Grannybush) · C. ciliatoglandulifer (Mexican Croton) · C. cortesianus (Cortez's Croton) · C. coryi (Cory's Croton) · C. dioicus (Grassland Croton) · C. discolor (Lechecillo) · C. elliottii (Elliott's Croton) · C. eluteria (Cascarilla) · C. fishlockii (Fishlock's Croton) · C. flavens (Yellow Balsam) · C. fruticulosus (Bush Croton) · C. glandulosus (Lindheimer's Croton) · C. glandulosus var. glandulosus (Vente Conmigo) · C. heterocarpus (Croton) · C. humilis (Low Croton) · C. impressus (Puerto Rico Croton) · C. incanus (Torrey Croton) · C. lachnocarpus (Hairyfruit Croton) · C. leucophyllus (Two-Color Croton) · C. lindheimerianus (Lindheimer's Croton) · C. lindheimerianus var. tharpii (Tharp Croton) · C. lucidus (Firebush) · C. macrobotrys (Sangue-De-Drago) · C. michauxii (Michauxs Croton) · C. microcarpus (Money Croton) · C. monanthogynus (Prairie Tea) · C. ovalifolius (Yerba) · C. parksii (Parks Croton) · C. poecilanthus (Sabinon) · C. pottsii (Leather-Weed) · C. pottsii var. pottsii (Leather Croton) · C. pottsii var. thermophilus (Leatherweed) · C. punctatus (Gulf Croton) · C. ripensis (Croton) · C. sampatik (Perennial Croton Species) · C. sancti-lazari (Trans Pecos Croton) · C. scouleri (Chala) · C. sessiliflorus (Amansa Guapo) · C. setiger (Doveweed) · C. setigerus (Croton) · C. soliman (Soliman Croton) · C. sonorae (Sonoran Croton) · C. stenophyllus (West Indian Croton) · C. suaveolens (Scented Croton) · C. texensis (Texas Croton) · C. tiglium (Croton Oil Plant) · C. trinitatis (Roadside Croton) · C. wigginsii (Wiggins' Croton) · C. willdenowii (Elliptical Rushfoil)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York, New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 214, p. 663.
• Annual report / Florida State Geological Survey. Tallahassee, Fla.: Capital Pub. Co., state printer, url p. 126, p. 207, p. 220, p. 236, p. 299, p. 318, p. 324, p. 422.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 12 1901 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 36.
• Botanical explorations in southern Texas during the season of 1894. [Lancaster, Pa.]The New Era Printing House, 1895. url p. 58.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 7 1907 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 104.
• Contributions from the Herbarium of Columbia College. New York: Columbia College, 1886-1896. url p. 181.
• Flora of the southeastern United States; being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana, and in Oklahom by John Kunkel Small. New York, The author, 1913. url p. 694.
• Florida wild flowers; an introduction to the flora of the Florida peninsula, by Mary Francis Baker, photographs by the author. New York, The Macmillan company, 1926. url p. 244.
• Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 19 1918 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 178.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 116, p. 130, p. 137, p. 174, p. 25, p. 422.
• Plant life of Alabama, an account of the distribution, modes of association, and adaptations of the flora of Alabama, together with a systematic catalogue of the plants growing in the state. By Charles Mohr. .. Montgomery, Ala., Brown printing co., 1901. url p. 591.
• Small, J. K. Flora of the southeastern United States;being descriptions of the seed-plants, ferns and fern-allies growing naturally in North Carolina, South Carolin, Georgia, Florida, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Louisiana and the Indian territory and in Oklahoma and Texas east of the one-hundredth meridian /by John Kunkel Small. .. 1903 New York: The author, 1903. url p. 694.
• The vegetation of south Florida south of 27 30 north, exclusive of the Florida keys, by John W. Harshberger. Philadelphia, Wagner Free Institute of Science, 1914. url p. 100.
• Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York: New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 181, p. 218.
• Transactions of the Wagner Free Institute of Science of Philadelphia. 7 1910 Philadelphia: Wagner Free Institute of Science of Philadelphia, 1887-1927. url p. 100.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2651914
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-49318
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14239694
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342057-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 28263
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEUP0H020
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CRAR2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 33154

Footnotes

1. Mean = 82.590 meters (270.965 feet), Standard Deviation = 218.800 based on 127 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.