Crepis setosa

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Lactuceae

The Lactuceae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that are easily recognized because the flowering heads are composed of wholly of ligulate florets that are usually 5-lobed. Another very distinguishing feature is the milky sap . Although not apparent without magnification, the pollen is distinctive in that the spines are more or less restricted to discrete ridges or flanges on the surface of the grain. In other members of the family the spines are distributed more or less evenly over the surface of the pollen grain . The pappus usually consists of scales or stiff hairs . -- Gerald D. Carr.

Genus Crepis

Annuals , biennials, or perennials , 3-120 cm; usually taprooted, sometimes rhizomatous (roots deep or shallow, woody or fibrous , caudices often woody). Stems 1-20+. erect to decumbent . simple (sometimes scapiform ) or branched, usually striate , glabrous or hairy , often densely hispid or setose (hairs often stipitate-glandular ). Leaves basal (often in rosettes) and cauline; petiolate (at least basal, petioles ± winged ) ; basal blades mostly elliptic , ovate , or lanceolate to linear , or spatulate to oblanceolate , often lyrate or runcinate, margins entire, dentate , serrate, toothed , or pinnately lobed , lobes sometimes toothed; cauline usually present, lobed or entire, usually reduced in size and lobing distally. Heads (erect) usually in cymiform, corymbiform , or paniculiform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Peduncles not inflated distally, not bracteate . Calyculi of 5-12, reduced, subulate to lanceolate or deltate bractlets in ± 1 series, mostly unequal, glabrous, tomentulose , or setose. Involucres cylindric to campanulate (sometimes becoming turbinate in fruit), 4-15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5-18 in 1-2 series. lanceolate, equal or subequal , (bases becoming thickened and keeled , keels sometimes pronounced in fruit) margins green to yellowish, often scarious , apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous, tomentose , or setose, sometimes stipitate-glandular, adaxial glabrous or with appressed hairs. Receptacles flat or convex , usually pitted , glabrous or hairy, epaleate [paleate, paleae narrow, thin]. Florets 5-100+; corollas usually yellow or orange, sometimes white, pink, or reddish. Cypselae monomorphic or dimorphic . yellow, brown, green, red, and/or black, subcylindric or fusiform , terete or subterete, usually curved , apices tapered or beaked , ribs 10-20, sometimes spiculate-roughened, faces glabrous or hispidulous ; pappi persistent or falling, of 80-150, usually distinct , sometimes basally connate , white to tawny , coarse to fine, ± equal (or outer shorter), barbellulate bristles in 1-2 series. x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 11.

Species ca. 200: North America, Eurasia , Africa; introduced nearly worldwide.

Crepis is generally recognized by the rosettes of coarse, often pinnately lobed leaves, erect heads, epaleate receptacles, calyculate involucres. yellow corollas, subcylindric or fusiform, ribbed cypselae, and pappi of barbellulate bristles. The taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of Crepis were studied by E. B . Babcock (1947) and his associates. Their work was thorough and important because of the effort to incorporate cytogenetic information in the evolutionary analysis. Extensive survey of chromosome number and karyotype indicated two major ploidy groups in Crepis, corresponding to New World and Old World species complexes. Of the 12 species of Crepis native to North America, 10 are polyploids with x = 11. The core diploid populations commonly occupy discrete ecologic zones and are thought to be entirely distinct from one another, yet they are interconnected by a continuous complex series of intergrading polyploid forms that are partly or completely apomictic (Babcock). The polyploids are of two forms, autopolyploids that are similar to the diploids, and allopolyploids that combine the characteristics of two or more diploid species. The allopolyploid forms of hybrid origin may exhibit the characteristics of multiple parental species and therefore are difficult to classify. Some of the heterogeneous apomictic populations, or groups of populations, have been grouped together and recognized as subspecies ; those taxa are often difficult to identify and further study is clearly needed. Despite these difficulties, the subspecific taxa of Babcock were tentatively included in the present study. The Old World species are mostly diploid (n = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Babcock concluded that there was a progressive decrease in the chromosome numbers, from n = 6 to n = 3. Along with the decrease is a corresponding increase in chromosome asymmetry and reduction in chromosome length.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Openings in mixed conifer forest , disturbed areas, lawns; 50-500 m ; introduced [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,840 meters (0 to 6,037 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: African Flowering Plants Database , New Zealand Plant Name Database, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos, Euro+Med, New South Wales Flora Online. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:3615B900-CF02-4F3F-8AB6-4CF4AF25B246

Last scrutiny: 04-Sep-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Crepis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 44 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. acuminata (Long-Leaf Hawksbeard) · C. acuminata acuminata (Longleaf Hawksbeard) · C. acuminata pluriflora (Longleaf Hawksbeard) · C. atribarba (Hawksbeard) · C. atribarba atribarba (Hawksbeard) · C. aurea (Golden Hawks Beard) · C. bakeri (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. bakeri cusickii (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. bakeri idahoensis (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. biennis (Rough Hawksbeard) · C. bursifolia (Italian Hawksbeard) · C. capillaris (Smooth Hawk's-Beard) · C. elegans (Elegant Hawksbeard) · C. foetida (Roadside Hawksbeard) · C. foetida foetida (Stinking Hawksbeard) · C. intermedia (Gray Hawksbeard) · C. modocensis rostrata (Common Hawksbeard) · C. monticola (Mountain Hawksbeard) · C. nana (Dwarf Alpine Hawksbeard) · C. nana ramosa (Dwarf Alpine Hawksbeard) · C. nicaeensis (Turkish Hawksbeard) · C. occidentalis conjuncta (Gray Hawksbeard) · C. occidentalis pumila (Large-Flower Hawk's-Beard) · C. pannonica (Pasture Hawksbeard) · C. pleurocarpa (Naked-Stem Hawksbeard) · C. pulchra (Hawksbeard) · C. pulchra pulchra (Smallflower Hawksbeard) · C. pumila (Largeflower Hawksbeard) · C. rostrata (Modoc Hawksbeard) · C. rubra (Hawksbeard) · C. rubra 'Alba' (Hawks Beard) · C. runcinata andersonii (Dandelion Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata barberi (Barber's Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata hallii (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata hispidulosa (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata imbricata (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata runcinata (Fiddle-Leaf Hawk's-Beard) · C. setosa (Bristly Hawksbeard) · C. tectorum (Narrow-Leaf Hawk's-Beard) · C. tectorum tectorum (Narrowleaved Hawk's Beard) · C. vesicaria (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. vesicaria haenseleri (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. vesicaria taraxacifolia (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. zacintha (Striped Hawksbeard)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A catalogue of the phaenogamous plants of Great Britain: arranged according to the natural orders: with a copious list of synonyms carefully compiled from Steudel's Nomenclator botanicus, Smith's English flora, Hookers's British flora, Lindley's Synopsis, by Henry Ibbotson. London: H. Bailliere, 1848. url p. 72.
• A compendium of the Cybele britannica; or British plants in their geographical relations. London, Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1870. url .
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• A new British flora: British wild flowers in their natural haunts / described by A. R. Horwood; with sixty-four plates in colour representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illustrations from photographs. London: Gresham, 1919. url p. 127.
• A new British flora; British wild flowers in their natural haunts, described by A. R. Horwood, with 64 plates in col. representing 350 different plants, from drawings by J. N. Fitch and many illus. from photo. London, Gresham Pub. Co., 1919. url p. 127.
• A survey and record of Woolwich and West Kent containing descriptions and records, brought up-to-date, of geology, botany, zoology, archaeology and industries of the district, with a brief photographic commentary, in commemoration of the 12th Ann General editors, C.H. Grinling, T.A. Ingram [and] B.C. Polkinghorne. Woolwich: Labour Representation Print. Co., 1909. url p. 149.
• Alien flora of Britain. London, West, Newman, 1905. url p. 113.
• An introduction to modern genetics, by C.H. Waddington. .. New York, The Macmillan company, 1939. url p. 262.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 192, p. 192.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 670.
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 11, p. 20, p. 29, p. 35, p. 44, p. 76, p. 97.
• Botanical abstracts. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co. url p. 150.
• Botaniska notiser. Upsala: Wahlstro?m, 1857-c1980. url , p. 183.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1918 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 303.
• Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 1 1898 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 143, p. 361.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 48 1921 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 214.
• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 843.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 843.
• Catalogue of the flowering plants and ferns of Connecticut growing without cultivation / by Charles Burr Graves. .. [et al.]; Committee of the Connecticut Botanical Society. Hartford: Printed for the State Geological and Natural History Survey, 1910. url p. 413.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 44, p. 46, p. 6.
• Contributions towards a Cybele hibernica, being outlines of the geographical distribution of plants in Ireland. Dublin.E. Ponsonby, 1898. url .
• English botany, or, Coloured figures of British plants / edited by John T. Boswell Syme; the popular portion by Mrs. Lankester; the figures by J. Sowerby, J. de C. Sowerby, J.W. Salter, and John Edward Sowerby. London: R. Hardwicke, 1863-1886. url p. 704.
• Flora of Vermont. List of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation. Prepared by Vermont Botanical Club. Burlington, Vt., Free Press Print. Co., 1915. url p. 253.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 66, p. 689.
• Flora of the vicinity of New York; a contribution to plant geography. [New York]1915 url p. 646.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 343.
• Handbook of the British flora: a description of the flowering plants and ferns indigenous to, or naturalised in, the British Isles. For the use of beginners and amateurs. By George Bentham. London, L. Reeve & Co., ltd., 1918. url p. 264.
• Hardwicke's science-gossip: an illustrated medium of interchange and gossip for students and lovers of nature. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1866- url p. 114, p. 211, p. 285.
• Introduction to cytology, by Lester W. Sharp. .. New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc., 1934. url p. 362.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. 4 1866 London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 150, p. 210, p. 289, p. 374, p. 38, p. 391.
• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url p. 100, p. 122, p. 140, p. 146, p. 203, p. 204.
• Life and letters of Alexander Goodman More, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., M.R.I.A., with selections from his zoological and botanical writings; ed. by C.B. Moffat, B.A., with a preface by Frances M. More. Dublin, Hodges, Figgis & co. (ltd.)1898. url p. 505, p. 519.
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• Recent advances in cytology, by C. D. Darlington. With a foreword by J. B. S. Haldane. With 16 plates, 160 text-figures and 81 tables. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's son & co., inc., 1937. url p. 242, p. 37, p. 595.
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• Science-gossip. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn, [1894]-1902. url p. 263.
• Seeds handbook for agriculture, horticulture and forestry, with a key for the identification of the important agricultural seeds = Handbuch der Samenkunde für Landwirtschaft, Gartenbau und Forstwirtschaft, mit einem Schlussel zur Bestimmung der wichtigsten landwirtschaftlichen Samen / Walther Brouwen and Adolf Stahlin. [S.l.: s.n.], 1980. url p. 66.
• Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types (TL2) Utrecht: Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema, 1976-1988. url p. 277, p. 581.
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• The Tasmanian flora. Hobart, Tasmania, J. Vail, Govt. Printer, 1903. url .
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• The flora of the town of Southold, Long Island, and Gardiner's Island / New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1914? url p. 252.
• The naturalisation of animals & plants in New Zealand, Cambridge [Eng.]University Press, 1922. url .
• The students' flora of New Zealand and the outlying islands. Wellington, N. Z., John Mackay, govt. printer[1899] url .
• The theory of the gene, by Thomas Hunt Morgan. .. New Haven, Yale University Press;1928. url , p. 194, p. 195, p. 327, , p. 194, p. 195, p. 316.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 225, p. 250, p. 252.
• Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science. [Lexington, Ky.]Kentucky Academy of Science, 1923-1997. url p. 117.
• University of California publications in agricultural sciences. Berkeley, University of California Press. url , p. 302, p. 311, p. 312, p. 339, p. 340, p. 349.
• Babcock, E. B. 1947. The genus Crepis. Pt. 1: The taxonomy, phylogeny, distribution, and evolution of Crepis. Pt. II: Systematic treatment. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 21, 22.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:

• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2658437
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-5615
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13747798
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200258-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 12200
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 37211
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST2R0L0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CRSE2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 33043

Footnotes

1. David J. Bogler "Crepis". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 214, 216, 217, 219, 222, 223, 228. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Crepis setosa". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 223, 237. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 195.200 meters (640.420 feet), Standard Deviation = 205.280 based on 1,222 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.