Crepis nana

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Lactuceae

The Lactuceae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that are easily recognized because the flowering heads are composed of wholly of ligulate florets that are usually 5-lobed. Another very distinguishing feature is the milky sap . Although not apparent without magnification, the pollen is distinctive in that the spines are more or less restricted to discrete ridges or flanges on the surface of the grain. In other members of the family the spines are distributed more or less evenly over the surface of the pollen grain . The pappus usually consists of scales or stiff hairs . -- Gerald D. Carr.

Genus Crepis

Annuals , biennials, or perennials , 3-120 cm; usually taprooted, sometimes rhizomatous (roots deep or shallow, woody or fibrous , caudices often woody). Stems 1-20+. erect to decumbent . simple (sometimes scapiform ) or branched, usually striate , glabrous or hairy , often densely hispid or setose (hairs often stipitate-glandular ). Leaves basal (often in rosettes) and cauline; petiolate (at least basal, petioles ± winged ) ; basal blades mostly elliptic , ovate , or lanceolate to linear , or spatulate to oblanceolate , often lyrate or runcinate, margins entire, dentate , serrate, toothed , or pinnately lobed , lobes sometimes toothed; cauline usually present, lobed or entire, usually reduced in size and lobing distally. Heads (erect) usually in cymiform, corymbiform , or paniculiform arrays, sometimes borne singly. Peduncles not inflated distally, not bracteate . Calyculi of 5-12, reduced, subulate to lanceolate or deltate bractlets in ± 1 series, mostly unequal, glabrous, tomentulose , or setose. Involucres cylindric to campanulate (sometimes becoming turbinate in fruit), 4-15 mm diam. Phyllaries 5-18 in 1-2 series. lanceolate, equal or subequal , (bases becoming thickened and keeled , keels sometimes pronounced in fruit) margins green to yellowish, often scarious , apices acute to acuminate, abaxial faces glabrous, tomentose , or setose, sometimes stipitate-glandular, adaxial glabrous or with appressed hairs. Receptacles flat or convex , usually pitted , glabrous or hairy, epaleate [paleate, paleae narrow, thin]. Florets 5-100+; corollas usually yellow or orange, sometimes white, pink, or reddish. Cypselae monomorphic or dimorphic . yellow, brown, green, red, and/or black, subcylindric or fusiform , terete or subterete, usually curved , apices tapered or beaked , ribs 10-20, sometimes spiculate-roughened, faces glabrous or hispidulous ; pappi persistent or falling, of 80-150, usually distinct , sometimes basally connate , white to tawny , coarse to fine, ± equal (or outer shorter), barbellulate bristles in 1-2 series. x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 11.

Species ca. 200: North America, Eurasia , Africa; introduced nearly worldwide.

Crepis is generally recognized by the rosettes of coarse, often pinnately lobed leaves, erect heads, epaleate receptacles, calyculate involucres. yellow corollas, subcylindric or fusiform, ribbed cypselae, and pappi of barbellulate bristles. The taxonomy and evolutionary relationships of Crepis were studied by E. B . Babcock (1947) and his associates. Their work was thorough and important because of the effort to incorporate cytogenetic information in the evolutionary analysis. Extensive survey of chromosome number and karyotype indicated two major ploidy groups in Crepis, corresponding to New World and Old World species complexes. Of the 12 species of Crepis native to North America, 10 are polyploids with x = 11. The core diploid populations commonly occupy discrete ecologic zones and are thought to be entirely distinct from one another, yet they are interconnected by a continuous complex series of intergrading polyploid forms that are partly or completely apomictic (Babcock). The polyploids are of two forms, autopolyploids that are similar to the diploids, and allopolyploids that combine the characteristics of two or more diploid species. The allopolyploid forms of hybrid origin may exhibit the characteristics of multiple parental species and therefore are difficult to classify. Some of the heterogeneous apomictic populations, or groups of populations, have been grouped together and recognized as subspecies ; those taxa are often difficult to identify and further study is clearly needed. Despite these difficulties, the subspecific taxa of Babcock were tentatively included in the present study. The Old World species are mostly diploid (n = 3, 4, 5, or 6). Babcock concluded that there was a progressive decrease in the chromosome numbers, from n = 6 to n = 3. Along with the decrease is a corresponding increase in chromosome asymmetry and reduction in chromosome length.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Talus slopes , rocky alpine places, sandy stream banks, gravel bars , exposed sites in shrub communities; 300-4000 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,925 meters (0 to 12,877 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 1, 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

C. nana ramosa Babcock • Crepis nana var. lyratifolia (Turczaninow) Hultén

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos, LCR Editor. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:B046E0DA-5073-42BE-8F4B-EFA65FC2EB0F

Last scrutiny: 02-Nov-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Crepis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 44 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. acuminata (Long-Leaf Hawksbeard) · C. acuminata acuminata (Longleaf Hawksbeard) · C. acuminata pluriflora (Longleaf Hawksbeard) · C. atribarba (Hawksbeard) · C. atribarba atribarba (Hawksbeard) · C. aurea (Golden Hawks Beard) · C. bakeri (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. bakeri cusickii (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. bakeri idahoensis (Baker's Hawksbeard) · C. biennis (Rough Hawksbeard) · C. bursifolia (Italian Hawksbeard) · C. capillaris (Smooth Hawk's-Beard) · C. elegans (Elegant Hawksbeard) · C. foetida (Roadside Hawksbeard) · C. foetida foetida (Stinking Hawksbeard) · C. intermedia (Gray Hawksbeard) · C. modocensis rostrata (Common Hawksbeard) · C. monticola (Mountain Hawksbeard) · C. nana (Dwarf Alpine Hawksbeard) · C. nana ramosa (Dwarf Alpine Hawksbeard) · C. nicaeensis (Turkish Hawksbeard) · C. occidentalis conjuncta (Gray Hawksbeard) · C. occidentalis pumila (Large-Flower Hawk's-Beard) · C. pannonica (Pasture Hawksbeard) · C. pleurocarpa (Naked-Stem Hawksbeard) · C. pulchra (Hawksbeard) · C. pulchra pulchra (Smallflower Hawksbeard) · C. pumila (Largeflower Hawksbeard) · C. rostrata (Modoc Hawksbeard) · C. rubra (Hawksbeard) · C. rubra 'Alba' (Hawks Beard) · C. runcinata andersonii (Dandelion Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata barberi (Barber's Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata hallii (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata hispidulosa (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata imbricata (Fiddleleaf Hawksbeard) · C. runcinata runcinata (Fiddle-Leaf Hawk's-Beard) · C. setosa (Bristly Hawksbeard) · C. tectorum (Narrow-Leaf Hawk's-Beard) · C. tectorum tectorum (Narrowleaved Hawk's Beard) · C. vesicaria (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. vesicaria haenseleri (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. vesicaria taraxacifolia (Beaked Hawksbeard) · C. zacintha (Striped Hawksbeard)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A flora of northwest America: containing brief descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing without cultivation north of California, west of Utah, and south of British Columbia / by Thomas Howell. Vol. 1, Phanerogamae. Portland, Or.: [s.n.], 1903. url p. 397, p. 397.
• A report upon the boreal flora of the Sierra Nevada of California / by Frank Jason Smiley. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press, 1921. url p. 405, p. 48.
• Alpine flora of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Illustrated with water-colour drawings and photographs by Mrs. Charles Schäffer. New York, London, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1907. url p. 280, p. 280.
• Annual report. United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. 1st-12th, 1867-1878. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1867-83. url p. 757, p. 772.
• Appendix [to] Captain Parry's journal [of a] second voyage [for] the discovery of a North West passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific [performed in] His Majesty's ships Fury and Hecla, [in] the years 1821-22-23. London: J. Murray, 1825. url .
• Appendix to Captain Parry's journal of a second voyage for the discovery of a north-west passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific, performed in His Majesty's ships Fury and Hecla in the years 1821-22-23. London: J. Murray, 1825. url .
• Botany Cambridge, Mass., John Wilson and Son, 1880 url p. 436.
• Botany. Cambridge, Mass., Welch, Bigelow, University Press, 1876-80. url p. 436, p. 436.
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. 14 1971 Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url fig. 40, page 45.
• Budd's flora of the Canadian Prairie Provinces / [Ottawa]: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1987. url p. 691, p. 692.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences. Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1902-1971. url , , p. 13.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 44 1917 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 314.
• Canada's missing dimension: science and history in the Canadian Arctic Islands / Ottawa: Canadian Museum of Nature, 1990. url p. 434, p. 841.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 27.
• Contributions from the Botanical Laboratory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1892- url .
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 4 1893 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 143, p. 248, p. 28, p. 417, p. 418, p. 545, p. 630, p. 631.
• Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United States and Canada, together with geo by L.H. Bailey assisted by Wilhelm Miller, PH. D., associate editor, and many expert cultivators and botanists. Illustrated with nearly three thousand engravings and one hundred and forty-five full-pa New York, Doubleday, Page & Company, 1906. url p. 1539.
• FWS/0BS. [Washington]Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Dept. of the Interior. url p. 233, p. 386.
• First report on the flora of Wyoming / Aven Nelson. Laramie: Wyoming Experiment Station, 1896. url p. 208.
• Flora of Colorado, Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url .
• Flora of Colorado, by P. A. Rydberg, PH. D. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 406.
• Flora of Colorado, by P.A. Rydberg. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 406, p. 406.
• Flora of southern British Columbia and Vancouver Island: with many references to Alaska and northern species / by Joseph Kaye Henry. Toronto: W.J. Gage, c1915. url p. 329.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 1021, p. 1069.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 642, p. 650.
• Flora of the northwest coast, including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon. Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1915. url .
• Flora of the northwest coast: including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: Press of the New era printing company, 1915. url p. 358.
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 545.
• Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. url p. 545.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 177.
• Historical view of the progress of discovery on the more northern coasts of America, from the earliest period to the present time. New York, Harper & brothers, 1839. url p. 311.
• Hooker, W. J. Flora boreali-americana, or, the botany of the northern parts of British America: compiled principally from the plants collected by Dr. Richardson & Mr. Drummond on the late northern expeditions, under command of Captain Sir John Franklin, R.N. To which are added (by permission of the Horticultural society of London, ) those of Mr. Douglas, from north-west America, and of other naturalists /by Sir William Jackson Hooker. 1 1840 London, H.G. Bohn [1829]-1840. url p. 297.
• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url p. 149, p. 218, p. 233.
• Manual of the botany (Phaenogamia and Pteridophyta) of the Rocky mountain region, from New Mexico to the British boundary. By John M. Coulter. and Chicago: Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, and company, 1885. url p. 218.
• Manual of the natural history, geology and physics of Greenland and the neighbouring regions / prepared for the use of the Arctic expedition of 1875, under the direction of the Arctic Committee of the London: Printed for H.M.S.O., 1875. url .
• Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. [Boston: The Academy, url p. 397.
• Minnesota botanical studies. Minneapolis, Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota. url , , , .
• Mountain wild flowers of America: a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds / by Julia W. Henshaw. Boston: Ginn, 1906. url p. 302, p. 378.
• Mountain wild flowers of America; a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds, by Julia W. Henshaw. Boston, Ginn, 1906. url p. 378, p. 378.
• Mountain wild flowers of Canada; a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds, Julia W. Henshaw. Toronto, Briggs, 1906. url p. 378.
• Narrative of the expedition of an American squadron to the China Seas and Japan: performed in the years 1852, 1853, and 1854, under the command of Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy, by order of the Government of the United States / Compiled from the original notes and journals of Commodore Perry and his officers, at his request, and under his supervision, by Francis L. Hawks. Washington: Beverley Tucker, printer, 1856. url p. 314.
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• Rydberg, P. A. Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, and British Columbia /by P. A. Rydberg... 1917 New York: The author, 1917. url p. 1021, p. 1069.
• Science studies, v.1, no. 1-3. Bozeman, Mont.1905. url p. 105, p. 34.
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• Synoptical flora of North America. New York, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, and Co. [etc., etc.]1878-1884. url , p. 430, p. 431.
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• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 158, p. 184, p. 214, p. 277, p. 290, p. 320, p. 439, p. 447, p. 467, p. 472, p. 488, p. 529, p. 625, p. 69, p. 692, p. 98.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 16, 2008:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Colorado Museum, Zoological specimens
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2658424
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-1823
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13749460
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:200085-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 37191
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST2R0C0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CRNAL CRNA
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 33019

Footnotes

1. David J. Bogler "Crepis". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 214, 216, 217, 219, 222, 223, 228. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Crepis nana". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 224, 228, 231. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 1,226.150 meters (4,022.802 feet), Standard Deviation = 858.160 based on 147 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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