Crataegus nitida

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Genus Crataegus

Shrubs , subshrubs , or small trees , deciduous, rarely evergreen , armed , rarely unarmed ; buds ovoid or subglobose. Leaves simple , stipulate , venation craspedodromous , margin serrate and lobed or partite, rarely entire. Inflorescences corymbose , sometimes flowers solitary. Hypanthium campanulate . Sepals 5. Petals 5, white, rarely pinkish. Stamens 5-25; carpels 1-5, connate , but free apically. Ovary inferior or semi-inferior, with 2 ovules per locule, but one rudimentary . Fruit a pome, with persistent sepals at apex; carpels bony when mature , each locule with 1 seed; seed erect, cotyledons plano-convex .

At least 1000 species: N temperate regions , especially abundant in North America; 18 species (ten endemic) in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 2009

Similar Species

Members of the genus Crataegus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 243 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. aemula (Rome Hawthorn) · C. aestivalis (Apple Hawthorn) · C. aestivalis var. cerasoides (Eastern Mayhaw) · C. aestivalis var. dormonae (Eastern Mayhaw) · C. aestivalis var. maloides (Eastern Mayhaw) · C. ambigua (Russian Hawthorn) · C. ambitiosa (Grand Rapids Hawthorn) · C. anamesa (Fort Bend Hawthorn) · C. ancisa (Mississippi Hawthorn) · C. annosa (Phoenix City Hawthorn) · C. anomala (Anomalous Hawthorn) · C. apiomorpha (Fort Sheridan Hawthorn) · C. arborea (Montgomery Hawthorn) · C. arcana (Carolina Hawthorn) · C. arnoldiana (Arnold Hawthorn) · C. arrogans (Dixie Hawthorn) · C. ater (Nashville Hawthorn) · C. austromontana (Valley Head Hawthorn) · C. azarolus (Azarole) · C. azarolus var. pontica (Mediterranean-Medlar) · C. beadlei (Beadle's Hawthorn) · C. beata (Dunbar's Hawthorn) · C. berberifolia (Barberry Hawthorn) · C. bona (Berks County Hawthorn) · C. brachyacantha (Blue Haw) · C. brainerdii (Brainerd Hawthorn) · C. brazoria (Brazos Hawthorn) · C. brevipes (Hawthorn) · C. calpodendron (Pear Hawthorn) · C. canadensis (Canadian Hawthorn) · C. carrollensis (Eureka Springs Hawthorn) · C. coccinea (Scarlet Hawthorn) · C. coccinioides (Kansas Haswthorn) · C. coccinioides var. corallicola (Kansas Haswthorn) · C. coccinioides var. pottsii (Kansas Haswthorn) · C. coleae (Cole's Hawthorn) · C. columbiana (Columbian Hawthorn) · C. compacta (Clustered Hawthorn) · C. compta (Adorned Hawthorn) · C. condigna (River Junction Hawthorn) · C. consanguinea (Tallahassee Hawthorn) · C. contrita (Southern Hawthorn) · C. corusca (Shiningbranch Hawthorn) · C. crus-galli (Cockspur Hawthorn) · C. crus-galli var. inermis (Thornless Cockspur Hawthorn) · C. crusgalli (Clarkton Hawthorn) · C. cuneata (Nippon Hawthorn) · C. dallasiana (Dallas Hawthorn) · C. densiflora (Denseflower Hawthorn) · C. desueta (New York Hawthorn) · C. dilatata (A Hawthorn) · C. dispar (Aiken Hawthorn) · C. disperma (Spreading Hawthorn) · C. dispessa (Mink Hawthorn) · C. dissona (Northern Hawthorn) · C. distincta (Distinct Hawthorn) · C. dodgei (Dodge's Hawthorn) · C. douglasii (Black Haw) · C. douglasii var. douglasii (Black Hawthorn) · C. douglasii var. duchesnensis (Duchesne Black Hawthorn) · C. engelmannii (Engelmann's Hawthorn) · C. erythrocarpa (Red Hawthorn) · C. erythropoda (Cerro Hawthorn) · C. exilis (Slender Hawthorn) · C. extraria (Marietta Hawthorn) · C. flabellata (Fanleaf Hawthorn) · C. flava (Summer Haw) · C. flava var. integra (Yellowfruit-Thorn) · C. flava 'Upright' (Upright Yellow Hawthorne) · C. fragilis (Fragile Hawthorn) · C. fulleriana (Fuller's Hawthorn) · C. furtiva (Albany Hawthorn) · C. glareosa (Port Huron Hawthorn) · C. grandis (Grand Hawthorn) · C. greggiana (Gregg Hawthorn) · C. haemacarpa (Hawthorn) · C. harbisonii (Harbison Hawthorn) · C. harveyana (Harvey's Hawthorn) · C. holmesiana (Holmes' Hawthorn) · C. hudsonica (Hudson Hawthorn) · C. ideae (Concord Hawthorn) · C. ignave (Bedford Springs Hawthorn) · C. immanis (Hawthorn) · C. impar (Redclay Hawthorn) · C. inanis (Oldmaid Hawthorn) · C. incaedua (Hawthorn) · C. indicens (Mansfield Hawthorn) · C. insidiosa (Ozark Hawthorn) · C. integra (Lake Ella Hawthorn) · C. intricata (Biltmore Hawthorn) · C. invicta (Fulton Hawthorn) · C. iracunda (Stolonbearing Hawthorn) · C. irrasa (Blanchard Hawthorn) · C. jesupii (Jesup's Hawthorn) · C. jonesiae (Miss Jones Hawthorn) · C. kelloggii (Kellogg Hawthorn) · C. kennedyi (Kennedy's Hawthorn) · C. kingstonensis (Kingston's Hawthorn) · C. knieskerniana (Knieskern's Hawthorn) · C. laciniata (Oriental Hawthorn)

More Info

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Further Reading

• An arboreal guide of scarborough pond. 1981. url .
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 307, p. 307.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 19 1908 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 224, p. 87.
• Aristocrats of the garden, Garden City, N. Y., Doubleday, Page & company, 1917. url .
• Aristocrats of the garden, by Ernest H. Wilson. .. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page & company[c1917] url p. 303, p. 303, p. 85, p. 85.
• Bulletin - Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. Amherst, : Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, 1907-1974. url p. 22, p. 75.
• Colour in my garden, by Louise Beebe Wilder. Illustrated in colour, by Anna Winegar. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1918. url p. 327.
• Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 29.
• Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. url p. 541.
• Florists' review Chicago: Florists' Pub. Co. url .
• Horticulture. Boston, Mass.: Horticulture Pub. Co., c1904- url , p. 365, p. 558, p. 757.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 27, p. 65, p. 79.
• Journal of agricultural research. Washington, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1913-1949.. url p. 520.
• Journal of the International Garden Club. New York, International garden club. url p. 375.
• Lake Maxinkuckee. A physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis]Dept. of Conservation, State of Indiana [Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 335.
• Lake Maxinkuckee. a physical and biological survey by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. [Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford, printer]1920. url p. 335.
• Lake Maxinkuckee: a physical and biological survey / by Barton Warren Evermann and Howard Walton Clark. Indianapolis: Dept. of Conservation, 1920. url p. 335.
• Lists of plant types for landscape planting; the materials of planting for ornament listed according to their various uses, by Stephen F. Hamblin. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1923. url , , , p. 28, p. 56, p. 57.
• Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada / by Nathaniel Lord Britton. New York: Holt, 1905. url p. 520.
• Manual of the trees of North America (exclusive of Mexico) by Charles Sprague Sargent, with seven hundred and eighty-three illustrations from drawings by Charles Edward Faxon and Mary W. Gill. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin company, 1922. url p. 444, p. 444, p. 902, p. 902.
• North American trees: being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies / New York: H. Holt and Co., 1908. url .
• North American trees; being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies; with the assistance of John Adolph Shafer. New YorkHolt1908 url p. 458.
• Proceedings of the annual convention of the society of American Florists. Boston [etc.]Society of American Florists and Ornamental Horticulturalists. url p. 173.
• Standardized plant names; a catalogue of approved scientific and common names of plants in American commerce. Salem, Mass., 1923. url p. 196.
• The Florists' exchange: a weekly medium of interchange for florists, nurserymen, seedsmen and the trade in general. New York, N.Y.: [A.T. De la Mare Ptg. and Pub. Co., url p. 1107, p. 527, p. 541.
• The complete home landscape, by Arthur J. Jennings, in collaboration with Leonard H. Johnson. New York, A. T. De La Mare, 1924. url p. 137.
• The silva of North America: a description of the trees which grow naturally in North America exclusive of Mexico /by Charles Sprague Sargent. .. illustrated with figures and analyses drawn from nature by Charles Edward Faxon. .. 13 1902 Boston, New York: Houghton, Mifflin and company, 1891-1902. url p. 183, p. DCCIII.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 373.
• Trees of Indiana / Indianapolis: State Board of Forestry of Indiana, 1919. url p. 187, p. 7.
• Trees of Indiana / by Chas. C. Deam Fort Wayne, Ind.: Fort Wayne Printing Co., 1921 url p. 197.
• Trees of Indiana, Fort Wayne, Ind., Fort Wayne printing company, 1911. url p. 264, p. 8.
• Trees of Indiana. Fort Wayne, Ind., Fort Wayne Printing Co., 1921. url .
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Hexacorallians of the World 2001.
• Heyn CC & Heller D 1991/1993 (from ILDIS).
• Home of the Xylariaceae 2006.
• ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 10, Nov 2005
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist. Release date: August 1, 2007
• IOPI-GPC
• Lewis GP, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
• Nghia, N.H. 1998. Dalbergia entadoides. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• Nielsen IC & Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS).
• Pippen, Jeffrey S. Jeff's Nature Page. Accessed December 8, 2007.
• Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
• Polhill RM, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• Rhytismatales database 2006.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Schrire BD, 1994-10 (from ILDIS).
• Sokoloff DD, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
• Stirton CH, 2001-06 (from ILDIS).
• The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• Thomson, Christian (from Diptera).
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
• Vaz AMSF, 2001-05 (from ILDIS).
• World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Adenanthera intermedia. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
• van der Maesen LJG, 1993 (from ILDIS).
• van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 29, 2008:

• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2649846
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-5012
• GRIN Nomen Number: 12124
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 24587
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDROS0H3J0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CRNI
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 31330

Footnotes

1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Ku Tsue-chih, Stephen A. Spongberg "Crataegus". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 111. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.