Convolvulus floridus

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Convolvulaceae

Herbs or shrubs , usually with twining or climbing stems or erect , often with milky juice. Leaves alternate, simple , entire, dissected , or compound , absent in parasitic species. Flowers solitary, axillary or in cymes, racemes , panicles, umbels, or capitula, bisexual , actinomorphic , usually 5-merous, often showy. Sepals free , often persistent , sometimes enlarged in fruit. Corolla sympetalous , funnelform , campanulate , salverform , or urceolate ; limb subentire or deeply lobed . Stamens alternating with corolla lobes , adnate to corolla; filaments filiform , equal or unequal in length ; anthers introrse , laterally and longitudinally dehiscing; pollen smooth or finely spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Ovary superior, mostly 2-carpellate, 1- or 2-loculed, rarely 3- or 4-loculed; ovules basal, erect. Styles 1 or 2, terminal (gynobasic in Dichondra) or very short or absent; stigma entire or 2- (or 3) -lobed, rarely peltate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , circumscissile, or irregularly shattering, less often a berry or nutlike. Seeds usually trigonous , smooth or pubescent .

About 58 genera and 1650 species: widely distributed in tropical , subtropical , and temperate regions ; 20 genera and 129 species in China.

Aniseia biflora (Linnaeus) Choisy and A. stenantha (Dunn) Ling, recognized in the Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin., are here treated as Ipomoea biflora and I. fimbriosepala, respectively, because both have pantoporate and spinulose pollen. Strictly speaking, Aniseia is a neotropical genus of about five species, of which A. martinicensis (Jacquin) Choisy is widely naturalized as a common weed in rice paddies in Thailand and other southeast Asian countries. It will probably be found in S China eventually.

The family is important in China for food plants (Ipomoea batatas (Linnaeus) Lamarck and I. aquatica Forsskål), several ornamentals (Ipomoea), several medicinal plants (Erycibe, Ipomoea, Cuscuta, Merremia, Dichondra, Evolvulus), and numerous noxious weeds (Cuscuta, Calystegia, Convolvulus) .

Pollen aperture type and surface ornamentation are important characters in the classification of Convolvulaceae at the generic level and above. The most critical feature of the pollen is whether the grain surface is spiny or not. This distinction separates the eight tribes recognized by Austin (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 60: 306-412. 1973) into two rather cohesive groups. A low magnification (20 ) is adequate for discerning the presence or absence of minute spines on the surface.

For the successful identification of Convolvulaceae, both flowering and fruiting material should be collected. The first key to genera requires adequate fertile material with both flowers and fruit, and requires use of a pollen character. The second key may be used as an aid to identification where material is lacking flowers or fruit, but in some instances it is still partially dependent upon having both flowers and fruit.[1]

Genus Convolvulus

Plants annual or perennial , prostrate , erect , or strangling or twining herbs, or cushionlike or erect shrubs; axial parts usually pubescent , hairs simple or 2-armed. Leaves simple, petiolate or sessile, margin entire or ± lobed . Flowers axillary , peduncled, solitary or in various kinds of inflorescences. Sepals equal or unequal, middle sepal asymmetric (exposed 1/2 similar to outer 2 sepals, enclosed 1/2 similar to inner 2 sepals), persistent , not enlarged. Corolla funnelform or campanulate ; limb shallowly lobed or entire, with 5 ± distinct midpetaline bands . Stamens included , inserted at corolla base ; filaments dilated basally, filiform apically; pollen ellipsoid , 3- (or 4) -colpate, not spiny . Disc ringlike or cupular. Pistil included; ovary 2-loculed; ovules 2 per locule. Style 1, filiform; stigmas 2, linear , cylindric , or clavate . Capsule 2-loculed, 4-valved or irregularly dehiscent . Seeds 1-4, black or brown, often verruculose , pubescent, rarely glabrous .

Approximately 250 species: widely distributed; eight species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : L.f. Publication : Suppl. Pl. 136 1782 [1781 publ. Apr 1782]

Similar Species

Members of the genus Convolvulus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 36 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. althaeoides (Convolvulus) · C. angustissimus (Bindweed) · C. arvensis (Bindweed) · C. assyricus (Convolvulus) · C. cairicus (Mile-A-Minute Vine) · C. cantabricus (Convolvulus) · C. chilensis (Convolvulus) · C. clementii (Bindweed) · C. cneorum (Bush Morning Glory) · C. coccineus (Mexican Morningglory) · C. compactus (Convolvulus) · C. equitans (Gray Bindweed) · C. eriocarpus (Morningglory) · C. erubescens (Australian Bindweed) · C. floridus (Rhodium Wood) · C. gortschakovii (Convolvulus) · C. hederifolius (Scarlet Creeper) · C. libanoticus (Convolvulus) · C. lineatus (Pygmy Bindweed) · C. mauritanicus (Ground Morning Glory) · C. nodiflorus (Aguinaldo Blanco) · C. patens (Coastal Plain Dawnflower) · C. pilosellifolius (Soft Bindweed) · C. pseudocantabrica (Convolvulus) · C. remotus (Bindweed) · C. scammonia (Scammony) · C. tamnifolius (Hairy Clustervine) · C. tricolor (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Blue Enchantment' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Enchantment Mix' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Ensign Blue' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Ensign Mix' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Ensign Pink' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Ensign Red' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. tricolor 'Royal Ensign' (Dwarf Morning Glory) · C. wallichianus (Wallich's Bindweed)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A manual of poisonous plants, chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations, Cedar Rapids, Ia., The Torch Press, 1911. url .
• A manual of poisonous plants: chiefly of eastern North America, with brief notes on economic and medicinal plants, and numerous illustrations / by L. H. Pammel. 1911 Cedar Rapids, Ia.: The Torch Press, 1910-11. url fig. 401, p. 699.
• A supplement to the Pharmacopia, and treatise on pharmacology in general: including not only the drugs and preparations used by practitioners of medicine, but also most of those employed in the chemical arts: together with a collection of the most useful medical formulæ. . by Samuel Frederic Gray. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longman, 1836. url p. 55.
• Arboretum et fruticetum britannicum; or, The trees and shrubs of Britain, native and foreign, hardy and half-hardy, pictorially and botanically delineated, and scientifically and popularly described; with their propagation, culture, mana London, Henry G. Bohn, 1854. url p. cxx.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1910 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 26, p. 29.
• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 363.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 363.
• Edwards's botanical register. 27 1841 London: James Ridgway, 1829-1847. url , , , , , , p. 70, p. 70.
• Forest culture and eucalyptus trees, San FranciscoCubery1876 url p. 288.
• Hortus Kewensis, or, A catalogue of the plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew /by William Aiton. .. 1 1789 London: Printed for George Nicol, Bookseller to his Majesty, 1789. url p. 214.
• Hortus lignosus londinensis: or, A catalogue of all the ligneous plants, indigenous and foreign, hardy and half-hardy, cultivated in the gardens and grounds in the neighbourhood of London: with all their synonymes, scientific and By J. C. Loudon. London, The author, 1838. url p. 84.
• Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 42 1941 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 301, p. 67.
• List of rare, threatened and endemic plants in Europe (1982 edition) Council of Europe url p. 286.
• Micro-Lepidoptera [six articles by Lord Walsingham] London, 1881-1907. url p. 920.
• Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 490.
• Pharmazeutische Waarenkunde, von Dr. Otto Berg. Berlin, R. Gaertner, 1863. url p. 142.
• Select extra-tropical plants readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation with indications of their native countries and some of their uses / by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Melbourne: R. S. Brain, govt. printer, 1895. url p. 138, p. 613, p. 651, p. 127, p. 554, p. 591.
• Select extra-tropical plants, readily eligible for industrial culture or naturalisation, with indications of their native countries and some of their uses. By Baron Ferd. von Mueller. .. Sydney, T. Richards, government printer, 1881. url p. 381, p. 87.
• Select plants (exclusive of timber trees) readily eligible for Victorian industrial culture with indications of their native countries and some of their uses; an enumeration / offered by Ferd. von Mueller. Melbourne: s.n., 1872 url p. 36.
• The Bradley bibliography; a guide to the literature of the woody plants of the world published before the beginning of the twentieth century; Cambridge, Riverside Press, 1911-18. url p. 513, p. 744.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 344, p. 69, p. 735.
• The cultivated evergreens; a handbook of the coniferous and most important broad-leaved evergreens planted for ornament in the United States and Canada, edited by L. H. Bailey. London, Macmillan & co., ltd., 1923. url p. 384, p. 406.
• The elements of botany embracing organography, histology, vegetable physiology, systematic botany and economic botany. .. together with a complete glossary of botanical terms Philadelphia, J. E. Potter and Company[c1883] url , .
• The organic constituents of plants and vegetable substances and their chemical analysis / by G.C. Wittstein; authorized translation from the German original, enlarged with numerous additions by Baron Ferd. von Mueller. Melbourne: MCarron, Bird & Co., 1878. url p. 146, p. 268.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 1475.
• Transactions of the Canadian Institute. Toronto: Canadian Institute. url p. 40.
• Wood; a manual of the natural history and industrial applications of the timbers of commerce. LondonE. Arnold1908 url p. 264, p. 329.
• Fang Rhui-cheng & Huang Shu-hua in Wu Cheng-yih, ed. 1979. Convolvulaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 64(1): 1-153.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 1, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 02, 2007:

• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5830847
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15385195
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:266222-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 266222-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 728661

Footnotes

1. Ruizheng Fang & George Staples "Convolvulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 271. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Convolvulus". in Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 289. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.