Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Chinese:
Fo Zhou Yin Lü
Common Names in English:
Florida Silver Palm, Biscayne Palm, Silver Palm, Silver Thatch, Silver Thatch Palm, Silvertop
Common Names in German:
Florida-Silberpalme
Description
Genus Coccothrinax
Plants
small to moderate. Stems solitary or occasionally caespitose
, erect
, slender, at first covered with leaf sheaths
. Leaves: sheath fibers soft, netlike, eventually sloughing off to reveal smooth
to fissured
stem; petiole
not split at base
, unarmed
; abaxial
hastula a low ridge
or absent; adaxial
hastula a crescent-shaped ridge to semi-cylindric excrescence
; blade
palmate; plication
induplicatee (V-shaped) ; segments lanceolate, basally connate
; cross
veins obscure
[conspicuous
]. Inflores cences interfoliar, downcurved [long and arching
], not extending beyond leaves, with 2 orders
of branching; prophyll short, peduncular bracts several, sterile
, tubular
, distally expanded, silky-pubescent; primary
branches subtended by smaller peduncular bracts. Flowers bisexual
, borne singly along rachillae, short-pedicellate; perianth 1-seriate, shallowly cupulate
, lobes
5--7, apiculate
; stamens 7--12; filaments
acute; anthers
dorsifixed
, twisted when dry; pistils 1, 1-carpellate, glabrous
; style slender; stigma funnelform
. Fruits globose
; stigmatic
scar
apical; exocarp
purplish, smooth, slightly warty when dry; mesocarp
fleshy
; endocarp membranaceous
. Seeds globose, irregularly brain-shaped; endosperm homogeneous
, bony; embryo apical [superior]; eophyll
undivided, lanceolate.
Species 14--50 (1 in the flora
) : Caribbean Basin
.
Coccothrinax shares a similar floral
morphology with Thrinax, and like Thrinax it is wind pollinated. Fruits of C.
argentata are one of the most important foods of Florida€™s Key
deer (W. D. Klimstra and A. L. Dooley 1990), but seeds are not excreted intact (W. D. Klimstra, pers. comm.
) .
Coccothrinax includes a great number of species with ornamental
potential, and many of the cultivated ones are discussed by C. E. Nauman and R. W. Sanders (1991) . Because of their generally small and slender stature and their predictable growth form
, they make elegant horticultural subjects.
Theis genus is in dire need of systematic study.[1]
Physical Description
Species Coccothrinax argentata
Stems generally solitary, 0--3 m
, occasionally with vegetative
sprouts
forming on trunk
. Leaves less than 1 m wide; segments silvery abaxially,
stiff or lax
. Inflorescences compact
, not exceeding leaves; rachillae
stiff; pedicels conspicuous
. Fruits dark purple-black, globose
, 6.5--12
mm diam. 2n = 36. [source]
It is usually a small, single-trunked palm but occasionally develops
multiple
stems. It is most easily distinguished from Thrinax morrisii,
with which it is sometimes confused in Florida, by the obscure
transverse
venation
in the leaves and the purple-black fruits on long pedicels
(versus conspicuous transverse venation and white fruits on short
pedicels in T. morrisii). [source]
This species has been reported (C.
E. Nauman 1990) to produce
sterile
natural hybrids with Thrinax morrissii in the Florida Keys
where
the two species are sympatric. [source]
Habit: Tree , Shrub
Flowers: Bloom Period: February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October.
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 12-15' tall.
Habitat
Rocky, calcareous soil of coastal hammocks and scrub ; 0--10 m (Ref. 53395).
Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 2 meters (7 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 4-6' apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- (Auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
)
- Auct.
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Arecidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Arecanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Arecales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1840
- Family:
Palmae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Coryphoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Cryosophileae
(
)
- Genus:
Coccothrinax
(
)
- Sargent, 1899
- Silver palm [Greek coccos, berry, and thrinax, trident or winnowing fork]
- Subgenus:
nom
(
)
- Specific epithet:
argentata
- (Jacq.) L.H.Bailey
- Botanical name: - Coccothrinax argentata (Jacq.) L.H.Bailey
- Specific epithet:
argentata
- (Jacq.) L.H.Bailey
- Subgenus:
nom
(
- Genus:
Coccothrinax
(
- Tribe:
Cryosophileae
(
- Subfamily:
Coryphoideae
(
- Family:
Palmae
(
- Order:
Arecales
(
- Superorder:
Arecanae
(
- Subclass:
Arecidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Angiospermae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
C. jucunda Sargent • Coccothrinax garberi (Chapman) Sargent • Fragm. Bot. • Palma argentata Jacquin • Plate 43 • T. garberi Chapman • Thrinax argentea Loddiges ex Schultes & Schultes f. var. garberi (Chapman) Chapman
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003
Similar Species
Members of the genus Coccothrinax
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 13 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
C. argentata (Florida Silver Palm) · C. argentea (Silver Thatch Palm) · C. barbadensis (Barbados Silver Palm) · C. borhidiana (Borhidis Guano Palm) · C. crinita (Old Man Palm) · C. crinita brevicrinis (Short Hair Old Man Palm) · C. crinita crinita (Old Man Palm) · C. inaguensis (Thatch Palm) · C. litoralis (Cuban Silver Palm) · C. miraguama (Miraguama Palm) · C. proctorii (Cayman Thatch Palm) · C. readii (Mexican Silver Palm) · C. spissa (Swollen Silver Thatch Palm)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- A Directory of Neotropical Wetlands. IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 433.
- Selected vertebrate endangered species of the seacoast of the United States / prepared by National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. [Washington]: The Service: [for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.], 1980. url p. 2.
- The Palms of the New World: a conservation census IUCN url p. 11.
- Nauman, C. E. and R. W. Sanders. 1991. An annotated key to the cultivated species of Coccothrinax. Principes 35: 27--46.
- Nauman, C. E. 1990. Intergeneric hybridization between Coccothrinax and Thrinax (Palmae: Coryphoideae). Principes 34: 191--198.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- "Coccothrinax argentata". in Flora of North America Vol. 22 Page 100. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 27, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2662201
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-44377
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:666023-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 102872
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42448
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 62341-2
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMARE05020
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: COGA COAR
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 31677
Footnotes
- "Coccothrinax". in Flora of North America Vol. 22 Page 99, 100. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Standard Deviation = 2.650 based on 3 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
