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Citrus jambhiri

(Rough Lemon)

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Rough Lemon, Citronelle, Jamberi, Jambhiri-Orange, Mazoe Lemon

Common Names in French:

Citron Verruqueux

Common Names in Spanish:

Limón Rugoso, Rugoso

Description

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Family Rutaceae

The Rutaceae are herbs, shrubs , and trees with glandular punctate , commonly strongly smelling herbage comprising about 150 genera and 1,500 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of spines and winged petioles . The leaves are alternate or opposite, simple or palmately or pinnately compound , or sometimes heathlike or reduced to spines; stipules are absent. The flowers are often sweet-scented, nearly always bisexual , and are actinomorphic or sometimes zygomorphic. The calyx consists of 3-5 distinct or basally connate sepals and the corolla consists of 3-5 distinct or sometimes connate petals or rarely the petals are lacking. The androecium consists of distinct or sometimes connate stamens that are commonly obdiplostemonous , that is in two whorls with the outer whorl opposite the petals. However, sometimes there may be (1)3-4 whorls or rarely up to 60 stamens. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of commonly 2-5 or more, often incompletely connate carpels that may be united only basally or apically, either one or an equal number of styles, and a superior ovary with usually 2-5 or more locules, each bearing 1-several axile ovules. Generally, an intrastaminal nectary disk is situated between the stamens and the ovary. The fruit is variable. -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Citrus

Evergreen , small trees or shrubs , often spiny . Leaves simple , alternate, glandular punctate , petiole winged or margined . Flowers perfect or staminate , solitary or clustered in axillary racemes . Calyx 4-5-lobed, glabrous or pubescent . Petals (4-) 5(-8). Stamens 4-10 times the petals, polyadelphous . Ovary 10-14-locular, ovules biseriate or collateral . Fruit a fleshy hesperidium , globose to mamillate-oblong to oblate , rind tight or loose , with oil glands . Seeds embedded in pulpy vesicles .

Most or all of the species are cultivated, derived from the native species of tropical and subtropical regions of SE. Asia. Because of its great economic importance, domestication , cultivation and hybridization of the species has led to many varieties and forms, thus providing taxonomic problems. The following account of the species is primarily based on the work of Tanaka & Swingle with modifications in the treatment of the varieties.

Tanaka has described over 100 species. A genus widely cultivated.[1]

Taxonomy

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Notes

Publishing author : Lush. Publication : Indian Forester xxxvi. 342 (1910).

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Citrus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 103 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. amblycarpa (Nasnaran Mandarin) · C. aurantifolia x (Mexican Lime) · C. aurantifolia 'Persian Lime' (Lime) · C. aurantiifolia (Key Lime) · C. aurantium (Bergamot) · C. aurantium aurantium (Seville Orange) · C. aurantium bergamia (Bergamot Orange) · C. aurantium var. myrtifolia 'Chinotto' (Chinotto Sour Orange) · C. bergamia bergamia (Bergamot Orange) · C. bigaradia (Bigarade Orange) · C. glauca (Australian Desert Lime) · C. hindsii (Hong Kong Kumquat) · C. hystrix (Indonesian Lime) · C. ichangensis (Ichang Lemon) · C. jambhiri (Rough Lemon) · C. junos (Yuzu) · C. kumquat 'Nagami' (Nagami Kumquat) · C. latifolia (Bearss Lime) · C. limetta (Bitter Orange) · C. limettiodes (Palestine Sweet Lime) · C. limon (Lemon) · C. limonia (Mandarin Lime) · C. limon var. Ponderosa (Ponderosa Lemon) · C. limon var. Sungold (Lemon) · C. limon 'Eureka' (Eureka Lemon) · C. limon 'Limoneira Seedless' (Lemon 'limoneira Seedless') · C. limon 'Lisbon' (Dwarf Lisbon Lemon) · C. limon 'Meyer Improved' (Meyer Improved Lemon) · C. limon 'Pink Lemonade' (Variegated Lemon Tree) · C. limon 'Variegated Pink Eureka' (Lemon) · C. madurensis (Calamondin) · C. maxima (Pamplemousse) · C. medica (Buddhas Hand) · C. medica var. etrog (Ethrog Citron) · C. medica var. sarcodactylus (Buddhas Hand) · C. medica var. sarcodactylus 'Albo-Variegata' (Buddhas Hand) · C. nobilis (King Orange) · C. paradisi (Grapefruit) · C. reticulata (Mandarin Orange) · C. reticulata var. deliciosa (Italian Tangerine) · C. reticulata var. satsuma (Satsuma Orange) · C. reticulata x paradisi (Ugli) · C. reticulata x sinensis 'Temple' (Orange) · C. reticulata 'Calamondin Variegata' (Variegated Calamondin Orange) · C. reticulata 'Changsha' (Changsha Mandarin Orange) · C. reticulata 'Clementine' (Clementine Mandarin Orange) · C. reticulata 'Dancy' (Dancy Tangerine) · C. reticulata 'Murcott' (Tangerine) · C. reticulata 'Owari' (Owari Satsuma Mandarin Orange) · C. reticulata 'Ponkan' (Mandarin Orange) · C. reticulata 'Sunburst' (Tangerine) · C. reticulata subsp. unshiu 'Brown's Select' (Satsuma Orange) · C. reticulata subsp. unshiu 'Owari' (Satsuma Orange) · C. sinensis (Navel Orange) · C. sinensis var. Navel (Navel Orange) · C. sinensis x (Valencia Orange) · C. sinensis 'Alvarina' (Orange 'alvarina') · C. sinensis 'Campbell' (Campbell Valencia Orange) · C. sinensis 'Campbell Valencia' (Valencia Orange Tree) · C. sinensis 'Cara Cara' (Cara Cara Pink Navel Orange) · C. sinensis 'Everhard' (Navel Orange) · C. sinensis 'Moro' (Blood Orange) · C. sinensis 'N-33' (Navel Orange) · C. sinensis 'Olinda' (Valencia Orange Tree) · C. sinensis 'Robertson' (Robertson Navel Orange) · C. sinensis 'Sanguinelli' (Blood Orange) · C. sinensis 'Tarocco' (Blood Orange) · C. sinensis 'Trovita' (Trovita Orange) · C. sinensis 'Valencia' (Valencia Orange Tree) · C. sinensis 'Washington' (Navel Orange) · C. tachibana (Tachibana Orange) · C. tachibana 'Shekwasha' (Mandarin) · C. tangelo (Tangelo) · C. x (Mexican Lime) · C. x aurantiifolia (Mexican Lime) · C. x aurantium (Seville Orange) · C. x limon (Lemon) · C. x limonia (Lemandarin) · C. x limonia 'Otaheite' (Mandarin Lime) · C. x meyeri 'Improved Meyer' (Meyers Lemon Tree) · C. x meyeri 'Meyer' (Meyers Lemon Tree) · C. × nobilis (King Orange) · C. x paradisi (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'Oro Blanco' (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'Pink' (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'Red' (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'Rio Red' (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'Ruby Red' (Grapefruit) · C. x paradisi 'White' (Grapefruit) · C. X Poncirus (Citremon) · C. × tangelo (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Alamoen' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'K-Early' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Minneola' (Tangelo Tree) · C. x tangelo 'Nova' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Orlando' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Sampson' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Seminole' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Thornton' (Tangelo) · C. x tangelo 'Ugli' (Tangelo)

More Info

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Further Reading

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  • Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 359.
  • Carpenter, J. B. & P. C. Reece. 1969. Catalog of genera, species, and subordinate taxa in the orange subfamily Aurantioideae (Rutaceae). (Cat Aurant)
  • Facciola, S. 1990. Cornucopia, a source book of edible plants. (Cornucopia) [= C. ×jambhiri Lush.].
  • Hanelt, P., ed. 2001. Mansfeld's encyclopedia of agricultural and horticultural crops. Volumes 1-6. (Mansf Ency)
  • Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
  • Mabberley, D. J. 1997. A classification for edible Citrus (Rutaceae). Telopea 7:170. [= C. ×jambhiri Lush.].
  • Mansfeld, R. 1959. Die Kulturpflanze, Beiheft 2. (Mansfeld) [= C. limon (L.) Burm. f.].
  • Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. (Food Feed Crops US)
  • Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
  • Singh, R. & Nath. 1969. Proc. int. Citrus symp. 1:439.
  • Spiegel-Roy, P. & E. E. Goldschmidt. 1996. Biology of Citrus. Cambridge Univ. Press. (Biol Citrus)
  • Stone, B. C. 1994. Citrus fruits of Assam: a new key to species, and remarks on Citrus assamensis Bhattacharya and Dutta, 1956. Gard. Bull. Singapore 46:105–112.
  • Swingle, W. T. & P. C. Reece. 1967. The botany of Citrus and its wild relatives. (Bot Citrus) [discusses "jambhiri" under C. limon].
  • Tanaka, T. 1954. Revisio aurantiacearum. 9:115.

Notes

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Contributors

  • Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 1, 2012.

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. "Citrus". in Flora of Pakistan Page 19. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Last Revised: 2012-04-18