Chrysophyllum mexicanum

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Sapotaceae

Trees or shrubs , usually producing latex. Leaves spirally arranged or alternate and distichous, rarely ± opposite, sometimes crowded at apex of branchlets ; stipules early deciduous or absent; leaf blade papery or leathery, margin entire. Flowers bisexual or unisexual , usually in sessile axillary clusters , rarely solitary; cluster pedunculate or in raceme-like inflorescence, bracteolate . Calyx a single whorl of usually 4--6 sepals, or 2 whorls each with 2--4 sepals. Corolla lobes as many to 2 X as many as sepals, usually entire, rarely with 2 lacerate or lobular appendages . Stamens inserted at corolla base or at throat of corolla tube , as many as and opposite corolla lobes to many and in 2 or 3 whorls; staminodes when present alternate with stamens, scaly to petal-like. Ovary superior, 4- or 5-locular, placentation axillary; ovules 1 per locule, anatropous . Style 1, often apically lobed . Fruit a berry or drupe, 1- to many-seeded. Seed coat brown (pale yellow in Pouteria annamensis), hard, shiny, rich in tannin; endosperm usually oily; seed scar lateral and linear to oblong or basal and round .

About 1100 species and 53 genera: pantropical ; 11 genera and 24 species (six endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Chrysophyllum

Shrubs or trees . Leaves alternate; stipules absent. Flowers small, 2 to many fascicled and axillary , pedicellate or sessile. Sepals 5(or 6), usually glabrous or inside tomentose . Corolla tube campanulate , usually extended, (4- or) 5--11-lobed. Stamens (4 or) 5--10 in 1 whorl, inserted in throat and opposite corolla lobes ; staminodes absent. Ovary 1--10-locular, villous or glabrous. Style longer to shorter than ovary. Fruit 1--8-seeded, exocarp thick to very thin. Seed coat papery to crusty; scar narrow to wide, lateral , sometimes almost covering entire seed.

About 70 species: Madagascar; tropical and subtropical America, tropical Africa and Asia; one species in China.[2]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,032 meters (0 to 3,386 feet).[3]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Chrysophyllum mexicanum var. politum Cronquist • Chrysophyllum mexicanum var. typicum Cronquist • Cynodendron mexicanum (Brandegee ex Standl.) Baehni • Cynodendron mexicanum (Brandegee) Baehni • Micropholis sericea L. O. Williams

Notes

Publishing author : Brandegee ex Standl. Publication : Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1114 1924

Similar Species

Members of the genus Chrysophyllum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 9 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. africanum (African Star Apple) · C. albidum (White Star Apple) · C. argenteum (Bastard Redwood) · C. argenteum argenteum (Smooth Star Apple) · C. cainito (Caimito) · C. mexicanum (Caimitillo) · C. oliviforme (Satin Leaf) · C. oliviforme oliviforme (Satinleaf) · C. pauciflorum (Camito De Perro)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23 1920-1926 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 1114.
• Flora of Guatemala / Paul C. Standley and Louis O. Williams. 24 1967 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1967. url p. 218.
• Flora of Yucatan, by Paul C. Standley. 3 1930 Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1930. url p. 380.
• Flora of the Lancetilla Valley, Honduras, by Paul C. Standley. 10 1931 Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History, 1931. url p. 317.
• Gardens, wildlife densities, and subsistence hunting by Maya Indians in Quintana Roo, Mexico / 1993. url p. 159, p. 160.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 226.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 90.
• The forests and flora of British Honduras / by Paul C. Standley and Samuel J. Record; in cooperation with the Conservator of Forests and the Agricultural Officer of the Colony. 12 1936 Chicago: [Field Museum of Natural History], 1936. url p. 313.
• Trees and shrubs of Mexico / By Paul C. Standley. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1920-1926. url p. 1114.
• Tulane studies in zoology and botany. 30 1995 New Orleans: Tulane University, [1968- url p. 24.
• Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang). 1987. Sapotaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 47-83.
• Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang). 1987. Sapotaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 47-83.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed April 18, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 18, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 11 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
• World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2676716
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-40180
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14252311
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:786468-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 415285
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 565965
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 57784-2
• MoBot NameID: 28700191
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CHME10
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 28372

Footnotes

1. Shugang Li & T. D. Pennington "Sapotaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 205. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Chrysophyllum". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 208. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 155.180 meters (509.121 feet), Standard Deviation = 584.120 based on 158 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.