Chamaesyce polycarpa

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Euphorbiaceae

The Euphorbiaceae are mostly monoecious herbs, shrubs , and trees , sometimes succulent and cactus-like, comprising one of the largest families of plants with about 300 genera and 7,500 species that are further characterized by the frequent occurrence of milky sap . The leaves are mostly alternate but may be opposite or whorled and they are simple , or compound , or sometimes highly reduced. Stipules are generally present but may be reduced to hairs , glands or spines. The flowers are unisexual and usually actinomorphic . They may be highly reduced by suppression of parts, in the extreme form consisting of a naked stamen as a male flower and a naked pistil as a female flower. A specialized type of miniature inflorescence called a cyathium occurs in about 1,500 species comprising the genera Euphorbia and Chamaesyce. The cyathium consists of a single naked pistillate flower surrounded by cymes of naked staminate flowers, each consisting of a single stamen. These flowers are all enclosed in a cup-like involucre that typically is provided with peripheral nectaries and petaloid appendages such that the whole aggregation closely resembles a single flower. In other members of the family the flowers and inflorescences are more ordinary in appearance , with male and female flowers typically bearing a 5-merous calyx and corolla of distinct segments, although the corolla is sometimes absent. In these forms the androecium most commonly consists of 5, 10 or sometimes numerous distinct or monadelphous stamens. The gynoecium of female flowers consists of a single compound pistil of typically 3 carpels, an equal number of styles or primary style branches, and a superior ovary with typically 3 locules, each bearing 1 or 2 collateral , axile-apical pendulous ovules. The fruit is usually a capsular schizocarp. -- Gerald Carr.

Physical Description

Landscaping

Care: Heat tolerant . Drought tolerant. Fertilize regularly. Avoid frost.

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,966 meters (0 to 6,450 feet).[1]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart. Propagate by dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs, or from herbaceous stem cuttings.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun to light shade.

Moisture: Water Requirements: Water only in sumer.

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): 50°F. • Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Chamaesyce carmenensis (N. E. Rose) Millsp. • Chamaesyce intermixta (S. Watson) Millsp. • Chamaesyce polycarpa var. hirtella (Boiss.) Millsp. Ex Parish • Chamaesyce polycarpa var. simulans (L. C. Wheeler) Shinners • Chamaesyce tonsita Millsp. • Euphorbia carmenensis N. E. Rose • Euphorbia intermixta S. Watson • Euphorbia polycarpa Benth. • Euphorbia polycarpa var. carmenensis (N. E. Rose) L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. genuflexa L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. genuiflexa L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. hirtella Boiss. • Euphorbia polycarpa var. intermixta (S. Watson) L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. johnstonii L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. mejamia L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia Polycarpa Var. polycarpa • Euphorbia polycarpa var. typica L. C. Wheeler • Euphorbia polycarpa var. vestita S. Watson

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Govaerts R., 11-Nov-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Chamaesyce

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 111 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. abramsiana (Abram's Spurge) · C. acuta (Pointed Broomspurge) · C. adenoptera (South Florida Broomspurge) · C. albomarginata (Rattlesnake Weed) · C. amplexicaulis (Chamaesyce) · C. angusta (Black-Foot Broomspurge) · C. arizonica (Arizona Broomspurge) · C. arnottiana (Arnott's Broomspurge) · C. articulata (Jointed Sandmat) · C. astyla (Alkali Broomspurge) · C. atrococca (Koko) · C. berteriana (Berteron's Sandmat) · C. blodgettii (Blodgett's Broomspurge) · C. bombensis (Dixie Broomspurge) · C. capitellata (Head Broomspurge) · C. carunculata (Sand-Dune Broomspurge) · C. celastroides ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. amplectens ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. celastroides ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. hanapepensis ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. lorifolia ('ekoko) · C. celastroides var. stokesii ('ekoko) · C. chaetocalyx (Bristlecup Sandmat) · C. chaetocalyx var. chaetocalyx (Bristlecup Sandmat) · C. cinerascens (Ashy Broomspurge) · C. clusiifolia (Clusia-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. conferta (Everglade Key Broomspurge) · C. cordifolia (Heart-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. cowellii (Cowell's Sandmat) · C. cumulicola (Coastal Dune Sandmat) · C. degeneri (Beach Broomspurge) · C. deltoidea (Pineland Poinsettia) · C. deltoidea deltoidea (Wedge Sandmat) · C. deltoidea deltoidea var. deltoidea (Deltoid Spurge) · C. deltoidea pinetorum (Pineland Broomspurge) · C. deltoidea serpyllum (Wedge Sandmat) · C. deppeana (Deppe's Broomspurge) · C. dioica (Pine Broomspurge) · C. eleanoriae (Na Pali Sandmat) · C. exstipulata (Square-Seed Spurge) · C. fendleri (Fendler's Broomspurge) · C. florida (Chiricahua Mountain Sandmat) · C. garberi (Garber's Spurge) · C. geyeri (Geyer Supurge) · C. glyptosperma (Corrugate-Seed Broomspurge) · C. golondrina (Boquillas Broomspurge) · C. gracillima (Mexican Broomspurge) · C. halemanui (Halemanu's Broomspurge) · C. herbstii (Herbst's Sandmat) · C. hirta (Hairy Spurge) · C. hooveri (Hoover's Broomspurge) · C. humistrata (Spreading Broomspurge) · C. hypericifolia (Graceful Sandmat) · C. hyssopifolia (Hyssop Spurge) · C. jejuna (Dwarf Broomspurge) · C. kuwaleana (Kokomalei) · C. laredana (Laredo Broomspurge) · C. lasiocarpa (Bank Broomspurge) · C. lata (Hoary Broomspurge) · C. maculata (Prostrate Spurge) · C. melanadenia (Red-Gland Spurge) · C. mendezii (Mendez's Broomspurge) · C. mesembrianthemifolia (Coastal Beach Sandmat) · C. micromera (Desert Spurge) · C. missurica (Missouri Spurge) · C. multiformis (Variable Sandmat) · C. multiformis var. microphylla (Variable Sandmat) · C. nutans (Eyebane) · C. ocellata (Contura Creek Sandmat) · C. olowaluana (Akoko) · C. ophthalmica (Florida Hammock Broomspurge) · C. orbifolia (Mona Island Sandmat) · C. parishii (Parish's Broomspurge) · C. parryi (Parry Spurge) · C. pediculifera (Carrizo Mountain Sandmat) · C. perennans (Perennial Broomspurge) · C. platysperma (Flat-Seed Sandmat) · C. polycarpa (Big Bend Broomspurge) · C. polygonifolia (Seaside Spurge) · C. porteriana (Key's Sandmat) · C. porteriana var. porteriana (Porter's Sandmat) · C. prostrata (Prostrate Broomspurge) · C. remyi (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. hanaleiensis (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. kauaiensis (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. remyi var. remyi (Remy's Broomspurge) · C. revoluta (Thread-Stem Broomspurge) · C. rockii (Koolau Range Sandmat) · C. serpens (Matted Broomspurge) · C. serpyllifolia (Thyme-Leaf Broomspurge) · C. serpyllifolia serpyllifolia (Thyme-Leaf Sandmat) · C. serrula (Saw-Tooth Broomspurge) · C. setiloba (Yuma Broomspurge) · C. simulans (Chamaesyce Simulans) · C. skottsbergii (Coastal Sandmat) · C. skottsbergii var. skottsbergii (Coastal Sandmat) · C. skottsbergii var. vaccinioides (Coastal Sandmat) · C. sparsiflora (Wahiawa Bog Sandmat) · C. stictospora (Slim-Seed Broomspurge) · C. theriaca (Terlingua Broomspurge)

More Info

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Further Reading

• 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 261.
• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 429.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 766, p. 878, p. 896.
• Contributions to North American Euphorbiaceae--VI. II. Vegetation of Alacran Reef. By Charles Frederick Millspaugh. 2 1916 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1916. url p. 406, p. 411.
• Cryptogamic plants of the USSR. (Flora sporovykh rastenii SSSR) Translated from Russian. Jerusalem[Published for the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C. by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, 19 - url p. 75.
• Flora of Los Angeles and vicinity / by LeRoy Abrams. Stanford University, Cal. 1917. url p. 214.
• Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 1999 [San Diego, Calif.]: San Diego Society of Natural History, 1990- url p. 23, p. 26.
• Year book - Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington url p. 65.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 19, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2666126
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-38175
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14240123
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:340791-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 501452
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDEUP0D1Y0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CHPO12
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 30184

Footnotes

1. Mean = 692.670 meters (2,272.539 feet), Standard Deviation = 510.510 based on 202 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.