Interesting Facts
Description
Family Rosaceae
Trees
, shrubs
, or herbs, deciduous or evergreen
. Stems erect
, scandent
, arching
, prostrate
, or creeping
, armed
or unarmed
. Buds usually with several exposed scales
, sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple
or compound
; stipules paired
, free
or adnate
to petiole
, rarely absent, persistent
or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade
often serrate at margin
, rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate
, corymbose
, racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic
, bisexual
, rarely unisexual
and then plants
dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate
. Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx
segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted
below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed
. Stamens usually numerous
, rarely few, always in a complete
ring
at margin of or above disk; filaments
usually free, very rarely connate
; anthers
small, didymous
, rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous
, superposed
. Styles as many as carpels, terminal
, lateral
, or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged
, usually exalbuminous
, very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy
and convex
abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.
Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan
, mostly in N temperate
zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.
Many plants of this family
are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions
. The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars
and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc.
The dried fruits of the genera
Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial
value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry
. Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots
are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals
.
The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note
that the patterns
of relationship
are complex
and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]
Genus Chamaerhodos
Herbs or subshrubs
, glandular
pilose
or pubescent
. Flowering stems erect
, slender. Leaves alternate; stipules membranous at base
, adnate
to petiole
; leaf blade
1-3 times 3-parted into narrow segments. Inflorescence cymose
, corymbose
, or paniculate
, rarely a solitary flower. Flowers small. Hypanthium obconic, tubular
, or campanulate
. Sepals 5, erect, valvate
, persistent
. Petals 5, white or purple. Disk lining
mouth
of hypanthium, setose
with long, rigid
hairs
, margin
thickened. Stamens 5, opposite petals. Carpels 4-10 or more; ovule ascending
from base of locule; style basal, articulate
at base, deciduous; stigma capitellate
. Achenes few or many, ovoid
, glabrous
, enclosed by hypanthium. Seed erect.
About eight species: Asia, North America; five species in China.[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Rosanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Rosales
(
)
- Perleb, 1826
- Family:
Rosaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Rose Family
- Tribe:
Potentilleae
(
)
- Genus:
Chamaerhodos
(
)
- Bunge, in Ledebour, 1829
- Little Rose
- Specific epithet:
corymbosa
- Murav.
- Botanical name: - Chamaerhodos corymbosa Murav.
- Specific epithet:
corymbosa
- Murav.
- Genus:
Chamaerhodos
(
- Tribe:
Potentilleae
(
- Family:
Rosaceae
(
- Order:
Rosales
(
- Superorder:
Rosanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author
: Murav. Publication
: Bull
. Jard. Bot. Princ. URSS
xxvii. 38 (1928).
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 2009
Similar Species
Members of the genus Chamaerhodos
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 3 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
C. erecta (Little Rose) · C. erecta nuttallii (Chamaerhodos) · C. nuttallii (Nuttall's Little Rose)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
- Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Identifiers
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-11707
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 4325396
Footnotes
- Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Li Chao-luang, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba "Chamaerhodos". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 333. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
