Celastrus scandens

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Celastraceae

The Celastraceae are trees and shrubs comprising about 50 genera and 800 species that are sometimes climbing or vining. The leaves are simple and alternate or opposite; stipules are small and caducous or absent. The flowers are bisexual or sometimes functionally unisexual , actinomorphic , and are small and often greenish. The calyx comprises 4 or 5 usually basally connate sepals. The corolla is rarely absent or more commonly consists of 4 or 5 distinct petals. The androecium consists of 4 or 5 or rarely 10 distinct stamens that alternate with the petals. The gynoecium is a single compound pistil of 2-5 carpels, a single short style, and a superior or rarely half inferior ovary with 2-5 locules, each containing usually 2 axile ovules. An annular nectary disk surrounds and is usually adnate to the ovary. The fruit is a capsule, berry, samara, or drupe. -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Celastrus

Climbing shrubs , deciduous, dioecious or polygamo-dioecious . Leaves alternate, thin or subcoriaceous; stipules minute, deciduous, sometimes absent, deeply serrate. Flowers small, whitish-green, in terminal or axillary racemes or paniculate cymes, 4-5-merous. Male flowers: stamens 4-5, about as long as the petals, inserted on the edge of the disc with a vistigial pistil. Female flowers: staminodes 4-5, ovary 2-4-lobed, 2-4-celled; ovules 1-2 in each cell . Capsule 3-celled, dehiscing by 3 valves ; seeds 1-2 in each cell, each enclosed in a fleshy red aril.

A tropical and a subtropical genus of about 30 species, mostly in N. America, Asia, Madagascar and Australia. One species has been reported from Pakistan.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,044 meters (0 to 6,706 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: Yes • Propagated by Container: Yes • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Summer • Fruit/Seed Period End: Fall • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Culture: Space 4-6' apart.

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: None • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 5.0 • Maximum pH: 7.5 • Fertility Requirement: Medium

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade. • Shade Tolerance: Tolerant

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: Medium • Minimum Precipitation: 30 • Maximum Precipitation: 60 • Moisture Use: High

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): -38 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 110 • Cold Hardiness: 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 24-Jul-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Celastrus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. flagellaris (Flagellaris Staff Tree) · C. gemmatus (Chinese Bittersweet) · C. loeseneri (Chinese Bittersweet) · C. orbiculatus (Asian Bittersweet) · C. orbiculatus 'Diana' (Chinese Bittersweet) · C. orbiculatus 'Hercules' (Oriental Bittersweet) · C. scadens (American Bittersweet) · C. scandens (American Bittersweet)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A history of the game birds, wild-fowl and shore birds of Massachusetts and adjacent states: including those used for food which have disappeared since the settlement of the country, and those which are now hunted for food or sport, with observations on their former abundance and recent decre Boston: Wright & Potter printing company, state printers, 1912. url p. 582, p. 582, p. 586, p. 586.
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• The garden month by month; describing the appearance, color, dates of bloom, height and cultivation of all desirable, hardy herbaceous perennials for the formal or wild garden with additional lists of aquatics, vines, ferns, et by Mabel Cabot Sedgwick assisted by Robert Cameron with over two hundred half-tone engravings from photographs of growing plants, and a chart in colors. New York, F.A. Stokes Co., [1907] url .
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2651754
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-27974
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13776969
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:160503-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 9727
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 27974
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 160503-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCEL03020
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CESC
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 29285

Footnotes

1. "Celastrus". in Flora of Pakistan Page 13. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 300.540 meters (986.024 feet), Standard Deviation = 202.560 based on 2,115 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.