Carduus tenuiflorus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Genus Carduus

Annuals or biennials [perennials ], 30-200(-400) cm. spiny , ± tomentose , sometimes glabrate . Stems erect , simple to much branched, (spiny-winged) . Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; blade margins spiny dentate, often 1-2-pinnately lobed , faces glabrous or hairy , eglandular . Heads discoid , borne singly or 2-20 in dense clusters or corymbiform arrays. (Peduncles naked or leafy-bracteate, spiny-winged or not winged .) Involucres cylindric to spheric. Phyllaries many in 7-10+ series, linear to broadly ovate , bases appressed , margins entire, apices ascending to spreading or reflexed , acute, spine-tipped. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bearing setiform scales ("flattened bristles"). Florets several-many; corollas white to pink or purple, ± bilateral , tubes long, slender, throats short, campanulate , abruptly expanded from tubes, lobes linear; anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages oblong ; style branches: fused portions with slightly, minutely puberulent , swollen basal nodes, distally papillate or glabrous, distinct portions very short. Cypselae ovoid , slightly compressed , faces smooth . glabrous, attachment scars slightly lateral ; pappi persistent or falling in rings . of many minutely barbed , basally connate bristles or setiform, minutely barbed scales ("minutely flattened bristles"). x = 8, 9, 10, 11, 13.

Species ca. 90: introduced ; Eurasia , Africa.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Aggressive weed of waste ground , pastures, roadsides, fields ; 0-1000 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,013 meters (0 to 16,447 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.1 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: Not Applicable (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Carduus Pycnocephalus Tenuiflorus

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: African Flowering Plants Database , SANBI, New Zealand Plant Name Database, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos, Euro+Med, Flora of Tasmania Online, Australian Capital Territory Census, Queensland Census, New South Wale. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:91DE7E59-9593-415A-A307-134134465D1C

Last scrutiny: 13-Nov-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Carduus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 11 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. acanthoides (Plumeless Thistle) · C. crispus (Curled Plumless-Thistle) · C. nutans (Chardon Penche) · C. nutans macrocephalus (Musk Thistle) · C. nutans macrolepis (Chardon Penche) · C. nutans var. litoralis (Nodding Thistle) · C. orthocephalus (Plumeless Thistle) · C. pycnocephalus (Compact-Headed Thistle) · C. scariosus (Meadow Thistle) · C. tenuiflorus (Italian Thistle) · C. x orthocephalus (Plumeless Thistle)

More Info

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Further Reading

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• A compendium of the Cybele britannica; or British plants in their geographical relations. London, Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer, 1870. url .
• A flora of the English Lake District. London, G. Bell, 1885. url .
• A guide to the natural history of the Isle of Wight: a series of contributions by specialists relating to the various branches of natural history and kindred subjects / edited by Frank Morey. Newport, Isle of Wight: The County Press, 1909. url p. 157.
• A new London flora; or, Handbook to the botanical localities of the metropolitan districts. Compiled from the latest authorities, and from personal observations. London, Hardwick and Bogue, 1877. url p. 11.
• A tour round North Wales, performed during the summer of 1798; containing not only the description and local history of the ocuntry but also, a sketch of the history of the Welsh bards; and essay on the language; observations on the manners and customs; and the h illus. with views in aquatinta by Alken. London: E. Williams, 1800. url p. 420.
• An introduction to physiological and systematical botany. London, Longman, Hurst, Reese, Orme, 1807. url p. 151.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 212, p. 215, p. 223, p. 274, p. 46, p. 96.
• Annual reports and proceedings of the Belfast Naturalists' Field Club. url p. 376.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1917 1917 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 4, p. 4.
• Catalog of hymenoptera in America north of Mexico / prepared cooperatively by specialists on the various groups of Hymenoptera under the direction of Karl V. Krombein. .. [et al.]. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1979- url p. 2018, p. 2033, p. 2034, p. 2035.
• Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 8.
• Cybele Britannica: or British Plants and their geographical relations. London, 1847-59. url p. 454, p. 76.
• English botany, or, coloured figures of British plants / edited by John T. Boswell Syme; the popular portion by Mrs. Lankester; the figures by J. Sowerby, J. de C. Sowerby, J.W. Salter, and John Edward Sowerby. London: G. Bell, 1873. url .
• Flora Vectiana; being an arrangement of the more rare and interesting plants indigenous to the Isle of Wight. London, Printed by Richard Taylor, 1823. url p. 30.
• Flora calpensis; contributions to the botany and topography of Gibraltar, and its neighbourhood. By E. F. Kelaart. London, J. van Voorst, 1846. url p. 121.
• Flora hibernica, comprising the flowering plants, ferns, Characeæ, Musci, Hepaticæ, Lichenes and Algæ of Ireland, arranged according to the natural system with a synopsis of the genera according to the Linnæan system, by James Townsend Mackay. Dublin, Simpkin, Marshall and co.; [etc., etc.]1836. url p. 158.
• Flora hibernica: comprising the flowering plants, ferns, Characeæ, Musci, Hepaticæ, Lichenes and Algæ of Ireland: arranged according to the natural system with a synopsis of the genera according to the Linnæan system by James Townsend Mackay. Dublin: W. Curry jun., 1836. url p. 158.
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• Flora of Cambridgeshire; or, A catalogue of plants found in the county of Cambridge; with references to former catalogues, and the localities of the rarer species. London, J. Van Voorst, 1860. url .
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• Flora of Plymouth: an account of the flowering plants and ferns found within twelve miles of the town; history of local botanical investigation. London, J. Van Voorst, 1880. url p. 411.
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• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 38.
• Flora scotica, or, A description of Scottish plants arranged both according to the artificial and natural methods: in two parts / by William Jackson Hooker. .. Edinburgh: A. Constable, 1821. url p. 534.
• Flowering plants of the Riviera: a sescriptive account of 1800 of the more interesting species / by H. Stuart Thompson; with an introduction on Riviera vegetation by A. G. Tansley London; New York: Longmans, Green, 1914. url p. 139.
• Handbook of the British flora: a description of the flowering plants and ferns indigenous to, or naturalised in the British Isles. For the use of beginners and amateurs. London, L. Reeve, 1908. url p. 251.
• Handbook of the Torquay flora; comprising the flowering plants and ferns growing in and around Torquay, with their respective habitats. By Robert Stewart, M.R.C.S. London, E. Croydon, Royal Library;1860. url p. 68.
• Hardwicke's science-gossip: an illustrated medium of interchange and gossip for students and lovers of nature. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1866- url p. 175, p. 62.
• How to find and name wild flowers; being a new method of observing and identifying upwards of 1, 200 species of flowering plants in the British isles; with an introduction by F.E. hulme. .. illustrated by the author, and with four autochrome plates by H. Essenhigh Corke. .. London, Cassell[1906-1930] url p. 217.
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• Life and letters of Alexander Goodman More, F.R.S.E., F.L.S., M.R.I.A., with selections from his zoological and botanical writings; ed. by C.B. Moffat, B.A., with a preface by Frances M. More. Dublin, Hodges, Figgis & co. (ltd.)1898. url p. 47, p. 49, p. 499, p. 508, p. 510, p. 54, p. 628.
• Magazine of natural history and journal of zoology, botany, mineralogy, geology and meteorology. London: printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1829-1837. url p. 58.
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• Batra, S. W. T., J. R. Coulson, P. H. Dunn, and P. E. Boldt. 1981. Insects and Fungi Associated with Carduus Thistles (Compositae). Washington. [U.S.D.A. Techn. Bull. 1616.]
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 16, 2008:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Observations du Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien.
• GBIF-Spain, Botánica, Universidad de León: LEB-Cormo
• GBIF-Spain, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación de la Junta de Extremadura(DGIDTI): HSS
• GBIF-Spain, Dpto de Botánica, Ecología y Fisiología Vegetal
• .Facultad de Ciencias.Universidad de Córdoba
• GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
• GBIF-Spain, Hortus Botanicus Sollerensis Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Almería, HUAL
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Extremadura, UNEX
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657420
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-607
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 5190438
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:189106-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 316604
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 35789
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST1S060
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CATE2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 12761

Footnotes

1. David J. Keil "Carduus". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 57, 66, 83, 91, 96, 97, 122. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Carduus tenuiflorus". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 91, 94. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 593.040 meters (1,945.669 feet), Standard Deviation = 780.230 based on 3,768 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.