Carduus orthocephalus

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Genus Carduus

Annuals or biennials [perennials ], 30-200(-400) cm. spiny , ± tomentose , sometimes glabrate . Stems erect , simple to much branched, (spiny-winged) . Leaves basal and cauline; petiolate or sessile; blade margins spiny dentate, often 1-2-pinnately lobed , faces glabrous or hairy , eglandular . Heads discoid , borne singly or 2-20 in dense clusters or corymbiform arrays. (Peduncles naked or leafy-bracteate, spiny-winged or not winged .) Involucres cylindric to spheric. Phyllaries many in 7-10+ series, linear to broadly ovate , bases appressed , margins entire, apices ascending to spreading or reflexed , acute, spine-tipped. Receptacles flat, epaleate, bearing setiform scales ("flattened bristles"). Florets several-many; corollas white to pink or purple, ± bilateral , tubes long, slender, throats short, campanulate , abruptly expanded from tubes, lobes linear; anther bases sharply short-tailed, apical appendages oblong ; style branches: fused portions with slightly, minutely puberulent , swollen basal nodes, distally papillate or glabrous, distinct portions very short. Cypselae ovoid , slightly compressed , faces smooth . glabrous, attachment scars slightly lateral ; pappi persistent or falling in rings . of many minutely barbed , basally connate bristles or setiform, minutely barbed scales ("minutely flattened bristles"). x = 8, 9, 10, 11, 13.

Species ca. 90: introduced ; Eurasia , Africa.[1]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Biennial, Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:B80710BB-A89A-45DD-8808-758151A1B1A0

Last scrutiny: 11-Aug-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Carduus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 11 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. acanthoides (Plumeless Thistle) · C. crispus (Curled Plumless-Thistle) · C. nutans (Chardon Penche) · C. nutans macrocephalus (Musk Thistle) · C. nutans macrolepis (Chardon Penche) · C. nutans var. litoralis (Nodding Thistle) · C. orthocephalus (Plumeless Thistle) · C. pycnocephalus (Compact-Headed Thistle) · C. scariosus (Meadow Thistle) · C. tenuiflorus (Italian Thistle) · C. x orthocephalus (Plumeless Thistle)

More Info

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Further Reading

• Allgemeine botanische Zeitschrift für Systematik, Floristik, Pflanzengeographie etc. Karlsruhe: J.J. Reiff, 1895-1928. GER url p. 199.
• Archiv f©r die naturwissenschaftliche Landesdurchforschung von B©hmen / herausgegeben von den Beiden Comit©s f©r die Landesdurchforschung. Prag: Commissions-Verlag von F. ¿ivn©, 1869-1915. GER url p. 254.
• Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 405.
• Enumeratio plantarum Transsilvaniae: exhiben: stirpes phanerogamas sponte crescentes atque frequentius cultas, cryptogamas vasculares, charceas, etiam muscos hepaticasque / auctore Phil. Johanne Ferdinando Schur. Vindobonae: Apud G. Braumhuller, 1866. GER url p. 416.
• Erdély edényes flórájának helyesbitett foglalata / Enumeratio florae transsilvanicae vesculosae critica / ex mandato Societatis Scientiarum Naturalium Regiae Hungaricae scripsit Ludovicus Simonkai. a Kir. Magyar Természettudományi Társulat megbizásábol ir Budapest: Kiadja a Kir. Magyar Természettudományi Társulat, 1886. HUN url p. 340.
• Flora von Nieder-Österreich. Handbuch zur Bestimmung sämmtlicher in diesem Kronlande und den angrenzenden Gebieten wildwachsenden, häufig gebauten und verwildert vorkommenden Samenpflanzen und Führer zu weiteren botanischen Forsc Wein, C. Gerold, 1890-93. GER url p. 1230.
• Just's botanischer jahresbericht. Systematisch geordnetes repertorium der botanischen literatur aller länder. Berlin, Gebr. Borntraeger, 1874-98; GER url p. 151, p. 532, p. 775.
• Batra, S. W. T., J. R. Coulson, P. H. Dunn, and P. E. Boldt. 1981. Insects and Fungi Associated with Carduus Thistles (Compositae). Washington. [U.S.D.A. Techn. Bull. 1616.]
• Desrochers, A. M. , J. F. Bain, and S. I. Warwick. 1988. A biosystematic study of the Carduus nutans complex in Canada. Canad. J. Bot. 66: 16211631.
• Desrochers, A. M., J. F. Bain, and S. I. Warwick. 1988b. The biology of Canadian weeds. 89. Carduus nutans L. and Carduus acanthoides L. Canad. J. Plant Sci. 68: 10531068.
• Franco, J. do A. 1976. Carduus. In: T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 19641980. Flora Europaea. 5 vols. Cambridge. Vol. 4, pp. 220232.
• Kazmi, S. M. A. 1964. Revision der Gattung Carduus Compositae). Teil II. Mitt. Bot. Staatssaml. München 5: 279550.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3876350
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-22731
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13758395
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 501199
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CAOR8
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 27896

Footnotes

1. David J. Keil "Carduus". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 57, 66, 83, 91, 96, 97, 122. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.