Campanula latifolia (Giant Bellflower)

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in English:

Giant Bellflower, Great Bellflower, Wide-Leaved Bellflower

Common Names in Swedish:

Hässleklocka

Description

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Family Campanulaceae

The Campanulaceae are herbs, shrubs , or rarely small trees comprising about 70 genera and 2,000 species usually with milky sap . The leaves are nearly always alternate and simple ; stipules are absent The flowers are bisexual , and actinomorphic in the subfamily Campanuloideae but zygomorphic in the Lobelioideae. The perianth and androecium are usually 5-merous, sometimes 3-10-merous. The calyx and corolla each consist of connate segments. The stamens equal the number of corolla lobes , alternate with them, and are adnate to the extreme base of the corolla or epigynous zone or more commonly arise from the annular epigynous nectary disk; the filaments are distinct and the anthers are introrse and only weakly connivent around the style in the Campanuloideae but in the lobelioideae the introrse anthers and also often the filaments are firmly connate. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of usually 2 carpels and locules with numerous axile ovules in the subfamily Lobelioideae but usually consists of 3-5 carpels and locules with numerous axile ovules in the subfamily Campanuloideae. The single style commonly has a number of lobes or stigmas equal to the number of carpels. The ovary is nearly always inferior and is generally crowned with an epigynous annular nectary disk. The fruit is usually a capsule or berry. -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Campanula

Plants perennial or annual , erect trailing or decumbent , glabrous , pubescent , or hirsute . Leaves simple , alternate or forming rosettes at the base . Inflorescence 1-many flowered, with racemes or spikes. Flowers blue to purple or white. Sepals 5, with or without reflexed appendages between lobes ; calyx tube adnate to the ovary, segments 5-lobed. Corolla campanulate , funnel-shaped or tubular . Stamens 5, free , filaments dilated at the base. Ovary 3-locular; style cylindrical; stigmas 3. Fruit a capsule, elongated to ovoid , obovoid or round , with membran¬ous walls; dehiscence by irregular pores at the bases or the sides. Seeds minute, numerous .

A genus of over 300 species, mostly in the temperate regions . Represented in Pakistan by c.15 species.[1]

Physical Description

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August. • Flower Color: dark blue, light blue, medium blue, near white, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 36-48" tall.

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,500 meters (0 to 8,202 feet).[2]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 8.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a. (map)

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
        Subclass: Asteridae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Campanulanae () - Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
        Order: Asterales () - Lindley, 1833
        Family: Campanulaceae () - A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons. - campanules, harebells
        Subfamily: Campanuloideae ()
        Tribe: Campanuleae ()
        Genus: Campanula () - C. Linnaeus, 1753 - Bellflower
        Subgenus: sphalm ()
        Specific epithet: latifolia - L.
        Botanical name: - Campanula latifolia L.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 13-Jun-2008

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Campanula

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 219 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 18, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 21 providers.
Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

Jyväskylä University Museum - The Section of Natural Sciences, Vascular plant collection of Jyvaskyla University Museum
The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Botany registration database by Danish botanists
UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2656566
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-365023
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 5165859
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:140562-1
GRIN Nomen Number: 8765
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 34487
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 140562-1
Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCAM020G0
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CALA40
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 25810

Footnotes

E. Nasir "Campanula". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Mean = 178.380 meters (585.236 feet), Standard Deviation = 226.080 based on 6,098 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

Campanula latifolia

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Campanulaceae

Genus Campanula

Physical Description

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Reproduction

Growth

Taxonomy

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Campanula

More Info

Further Reading

Notes

Contributors

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Footnotes