Camissonia palmeri

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Onagraceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or shrubs , rarely trees to 30 m tall, often with epidermal oil cells , usually with internal phloem . Leaves simple , spirally arranged , opposite, or occasionally whorled , entire or toothed to pinnatifid ; stipules present and usually caducous , or absent. Flowers perfect and hermaphroditic or occasionally unisexual , actinomorphic or zygomorphic, (2-) 4(-7) -merous, axillary , in leafy spikes or racemes or solitary, or occasionally in panicles, all but Ludwigia with distinct floral tube , nectariferous within. Sepals green or colored , valvate . Petals as many as sepals or rarely absent, variously colored, imbricate or convolute and occasionally clawed. Stamens as many as sepals in one series or 2 × as many as sepals in 2 series [in Lopezia Cavanilles reduced to 2 or 1 plus 1 sterile staminode]; anthers versatile or basifixed , dithecal , sometimes cross-partitioned, opening by longitudinal slits; pollen grains almost always united by viscin threads, shed as monads , tetrads , or polyads . Ovary inferior, with as many carpels and locules as sepals, septa sometimes thin or absent at maturity; placentation axile or parietal , ovules 1 to many per locule, in 1 or several rows or clustered, anatropous , bitegmic; style 1; stigma with as many lobes as sepals or clavate to globose . Fruit a loculicidal capsule or indehiscent nut or berry. Seeds small, smooth or variously sculptured , sometimes with a coma [or wing ], with straight oily embryo, endosperm lacking.

Seventeen genera and ca. 650 species: widespread in temperate and subtropical areas, but best represented in W North America; six genera (two introduced ), 64 species (11 endemic, 11 introduced), and five natural hybrids (two endemic) in China.

Onagraceae are a well-defined, monophyletic family in the order Myrtales, with a sister relationship to Lythraceae. Within the order Myrtales, the Onagraceae are distinguished by a number of features including (1) a distinctive 4-nucleate embryo sac; (2) abundant raphides in vegetative cells ; (3) paracrystalline beaded pollen ektexine; and (4) pollen with viscin threads.

Some species of Oenothera are grown for the oil in their seeds, which contains gamma linolenic acid (GLA), used for medicinal purposes. Several species of Onagraceae also are cultivated in China for their horticultural value, including species of Fuchsia Linnaeus (generally distinguished by having large, tubular , red or orange flowers and fleshy berries ) and Clarkia Pursh (distinguished by having stigmas with commissural lobes with dry, unicellular papillae, and dry, elongate capsules similar to those of Epilobium but lacking comas on the seeds) . The most commonly cultivated Fuchsia is F. ×hybrida Hort. and the related F. magellanica Lamarck in F. sect. Quelusia (Vandelli) Candolle from South America; F. triphylla Linnaeus, in F. sect. Fuchsia, from Hispaniola, is known from only one gathering in Fujian. Similarly, Clarkia amoena (Lehmann) A. Nelson & J. F. Macbride is widely cultivated in China, whereas C. pulchella Pursh is known from only one gathering in Xizang; both species are native to W North America. There are no naturalized species of either Clarkia or Fuchsia in China.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,765 meters (0 to 9,072 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Oenothera palmeri S. Wats.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Camissonia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 113 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

C. andina (Blackfoot River Evening-Primrose) · C. arenaria (Fortuna Range Suncup) · C. atwoodii (Atwood's Evening-Primrose) · C. bairdii (Baird's Camissonia) · C. benitensis (San Benito Evening-Primrose) · C. bistorta (Southern Suncup) · C. bistorta 'Sunflakes' (Southern Sun Cups) · C. boothii (Booth Evening Primrose) · C. boothii boothii (Alyssum Evening-Primrose) · C. boothii condensata (Shredding Suncup) · C. boothii desertorum (Shredding Suncup) · C. boothii intermedia (Booth's Evening-Primrose) · C. boothii subsp. alyssoides (Alyssum Evening-Primrose) · C. boothii subsp. condensata (Shredding Suncup) · C. boothii subsp. decorticans (Shredding Suncup) · C. boothii subsp. desertorum (Desert Suncup) · C. boothii subsp. intermedia (Booth's Evening-Primrose) · C. breviflora (Fewflower Evening-Primrose) · C. brevipes (Golden Suncup) · C. brevipes pallidula (Golden Suncup) · C. brevipes subsp. arizonica (Golden Suncup) · C. brevipes subsp. pallidula (Pallid Suncup) · C. californica (California Primrose) · C. campestris (Grassland Suncup) · C. campestris campestris (Mojave Suncup) · C. campestris obispoensis (Obispo Suncup) · C. campestris subsp. obispoensis (Obispo Suncup) · C. cardiophylla (Heart-Leaf Suncup) · C. cardiophylla cardiophylla (Heart-Leaf Suncup) · C. cardiophylla robusta (Heartleaf Suncup) · C. cardiophylla subsp. robusta (Heartleaf Suncup) · C. chamaenerioides (Long-Capsule Suncup) · C. cheiranthifolia (Beach Evening Primrose) · C. cheiranthifolia cheiranthifolia (Beach Suncup) · C. cheiranthifolia subsp. suffruticosa (Beach Suncup) · C. claviformis (Brown-Eye Suncup) · C. claviformis aurantiaca (Beach Suncup) · C. claviformis cruciformis (Browneyes) · C. claviformis funerea (Browneyes) · C. claviformis integrior (Browneyes) · C. claviformis lancifolia (Lanceleaf Browneyes) · C. claviformis peeblesii (Peebles' Browneyes) · C. claviformis peirsonii (Peirson's Browneyes) · C. claviformis rubescens (Browneyes) · C. claviformis yumae (Yuma Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. aurantiaca (Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. cruciformis (Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. funerea (Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. integrior (Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. lancifolia (Lanceleaf Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. peeblesii (Peebles' Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. peirsonii (Peirson's Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. rubescens (Browneyes) · C. claviformis subsp. yumae (Yuma Browneyes) · C. confertiflora (Bunch Flower Evening Primrose) · C. confusa (San Bernardino Suncup) · C. contorta (Contorted Suncup) · C. eastwoodiae (Eastwood Evening-Primrose) · C. exilis (Cottonwood Spring Suncup) · C. gouldii (Diamond Valley Suncup) · C. guadalupensis (Guadalupe Evening-Primrose) · C. guadalupensis clementina (Hill Sun Cup) · C. guadalupensis subsp. clementina (Clementine Suncup) · C. hardhamiae (Hardham's Evening-Primrose) · C. heterochroma (Purple Suncup) · C. hirtella (Santa Cruz Island Suncup) · C. ignota (Jurupa Hills Suncup) · C. integrifolia (Kern River Evening-Primrose) · C. intermedia (Intermediate Suncup) · C. kernensis (Kern County Evening-Primrose) · C. kernensis gilmanii (Hilgard's Suncup) · C. kernensis subsp. gilmanii (Gilman's Evening-Primrose) · C. lacustris (Grassland Suncup) · C. lewisii (Lewis Evening Primrose) · C. luciae (Santa Lucia Suncup) · C. megalantha (Cane Spring Suncup) · C. micrantha (Miniature Suncup) · C. minor (Nelson Evening-Primrose) · C. multijuga (Frost-Stem Suncup) · C. munzii (Death Valley Suncup) · C. nevadensis (Nevada Evening-Primrose) · C. pallida (Pale Yellow Suncup) · C. pallida hallii (Golden-Eggs) · C. pallida subsp. hallii (Hall's Suncup) · C. palmeri (Palmer Evening-Primrose) · C. parryi (Parry's Evening-Primrose) · C. parvula (Lewis River Suncup) · C. pterosperma (Pygmy Suncup) · C. pubens (Hairy Suncup) · C. pusilla (Little Wiry Suncup) · C. pygmaea (Dwarf Evening-Primrose) · C. refracta (Narrow-Leaf Suncup) · C. robusta (Robust Suncup) · C. scapoidea brachycarpa (Barestem Eveningprimrose) · C. scapoidea macrocarpa (Paiute Suncup) · C. scapoidea utahensis (Utah Suncup) · C. scapoidea subsp. brachycarpa (Paiute Suncup) · C. scapoidea subsp. macrocarpa (Paiute Suncup) · C. scapoidea subsp. utahensis (Utah Suncup) · C. sierrae (Sierra Suncup)

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 440.
• Chen Chiajui, Lu Shangzhi & Li Yibin. 2000. Onagraceae. In: Chen Chiajui, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 53(2): 27-133.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 03, 2008:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2651426
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-27534
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13743330
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:611351-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 27534
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 43884-2
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDONA03170
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: CAPA37
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 27323

Footnotes

1. Jiarui Chen, Peter C. Hoch, Peter H. Raven, David E. Boufford & Warren L. Wagner "Onagraceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 274, 290, 400. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 1,129.070 meters (3,704.298 feet), Standard Deviation = 669.570 based on 27 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.