Calandrinia grandiflora

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Portulacaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , rarely ± shrubby, usually succulent, usually glabrous except for nodal hairs and/or scales . Leaves alternate or opposite; true stipules absent, nodes sometimes with axillary scales and/or hairs; petiole usually poorly defined or absent; leaf blade simple , usually fleshy , margin entire. Inflorescences usually terminal , less often axillary , in cymes or racemelike panicles, forming heads of sessile flowers surrounded by an involucre of leaves, or reduced to solitary flowers. Bracts inconspicuous. Flowers bisexual , very rarely unisexual , actinomorphic . Sepals 2, free or basally connate , herbaceous or scarious . Petals 4-6 or seldom more, distinct or basally connate, imbricate, often brightly colored , usually short lived. Disk usually absent. Stamens 4-100, free, fascicled, or adnate to petals; filaments linear ; anthers 2-loculed, introrse , dehiscence longitudinal . Ovary superior or half-inferior, 1-loculed, 2-5-carpellate; ovules 1 to many, campylotropous; placentation basal or free-central . Style linear; stigma 2-9-lobed. Fruit a thin-walled capsule, circumscissile or 2- or 3-valved, rarely a nut, often globose or subglobose, smooth . Seeds many, reniform or globose, caruncle present or not; endosperm mostly copious , surrounded by embryo.

About 19 genera and 500 species: mainly in more arid regions of S hemisphere, especially Africa, South America, and Australia, fewer species in Asia, Europe, and North America; two genera (one introduced ) and six species (two endemic, two introduced) in China.[1]

Genus Calandrinia

Herbs, annual , not rhizomatous or stoloniferous . Stems prostrate to erect , branched; nodes glabrous . Leaves alternate, not articulate at base , somewhat to markedly clasping , attachment points linear ; blade linear to oblanceolate , or ovate to spatulate , flattened, glabrous or with elongate unicellular hairs . Inflorescences racemose, somewhat to markedly secund (at least distally), elongate, bracteate ; bracts leaflike. Flowers pedicellate ; sepals persistent in fruit, imbricate, green, distinctly angled or keeled , ovate, herbaceous, glabrous or with elongate, unicellular hairs; petals usually 5, red; stamens 3-15, usually opposite petals, not adnate to petals; ovules 6-many; style present; stigmas 3. Capsules 3-valved, longitudinally dehiscent from apex, valves not deciduous, reflexed after dehiscence, margins markedly involute ; endocarp and exocarp not separating. Seeds 10-20, black, ± ellipsoid , reticulate or tuberculate viewed at 30×, glabrous, estrophiolate. x = 12.

Species 14: temperate w Americas, with greater diversity in w South America.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,509 meters (0 to 11,512 feet).[3]

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Cistanthe grandiflora (Lindl.) Carolin ex Hershk. • Claytonia grandiflora Kuntze

Notes

Publishing author : Lindl. Publication : Bot. Reg. 14: t. 1194 1828

Similar Species

Members of the genus Calandrinia

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. breweri (Brewer's Redmaids) · C. ciliata (Desert Rockpurslane) · C. grandiflora (Rock Purslane) · C. longiscapa (Calandrinia) · C. spectabilis (Rock Purslane) · C. umbellata (Red Maids) · C. umbellata 'Amaranth' (Red Maids) · C. umbellata 'Ruby Tuesday' (Redmaids)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A general system of gardening and botany. Founded upon Miller's Gardener's dictionary, and arranged according to the natural system. By George Don. London, Printed for C. J. G. and F. Rivington, 1831-38. url p. 80.
• Anniversary addresses, 1829-36. Boston, 1830-1836. url p. 23.
• Annuals hardy and half hardy. New York, Frederick A. Stokes Co., [1914?] url p. 113.
• Beeton's Dictionary of everyday gardening. .. to which is added a monthly calendar of garden work throughout the year. London, Ward, Lock, 1909. url p. 14, p. 81.
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden record. 27 1938 [Brooklyn]: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1912-44. url p. 2, p. 7.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1908 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 4, p. 4, p. 4, p. 4, p. 4, p. 5, p. 5, p. 5, p. 6, p. 6, p. 6.
• Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 1 1898 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 141.
• Constitution and by-laws of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society [1836]. Boston: Tuttle, Weeks & Dennett, Printers, 1836. url p. 23.
• Edwards's botanical register. London: James Ridgway, 1829-1847. url , , , , , , , , .
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 122, p. 123.
• Flora of Peru / by J. Francis Macbride; B.E. Dahlgren, editor. 13 1937 Chicago, U.S.A.: Field Museum of Natural History, [1937] url p. 571.
• Gardening for amateurs; a simple, complete, and practical guide for garden lovers, edited by H. H. Thomas. Illustrated by twenty-four coloured plates and many hundreds of photographs and sketches. New York: Funk and Wagnalls company, [1915] url p. 1119.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 215.
• Horticultural register, and gardener's magazine. Boston, G. D. Barrett [etc.] url p. 344, p. 391, p. 75.
• Manual of gardening: a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use / New York: Macmillan Co., 1911. url .
• Manual of gardening; a practical guide to the making of home grounds and the growing of flowers, fruits, and vegetables for home use, New York, The Macmillan Company, 1917. url .
• Memoirs of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: The Academy, 1868- url p. 140.
• New England farmer, and gardener's journal. Boston: George C. Barrett, 1835-. url p. 98.
• New book of flowers. By Joseph Breck. New York, O. Judd & company[c1866] url p. 139.
• Nicholson, G. The illustrated dictionary of gardening: a practical and scientific encyclopædia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists /edited by George Nicholson; assisted by J.W.H. Trail. .. and J. Garrett. .. 8 1884 London: L.U. Gill, [1884]-88. url p. 366, p. 413, p. 418.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 210.
• Plants and X rays, by L.B. Breslavets. Translation by Alena Elbl. Edited by Arnold H. Sparrow. Washington, American Institute of Biological Sciences[c1960] url p. 119.
• Plants for California landscapes: a catalog of drought tolerant plants. [Sacramento, Calif.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Water Resources, [1979] url p. 89.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url p. 308, p. 309, p. 312.
• Rock gardens: how to make and maintain them, London, Williams & Norgate, 1910. url p. 247.
• Rock gardens; how to make and maintain them, by Lewis B. Meredith, with an introduction by F. W. Moore. .. New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1914. url p. 247.
• Spermatophytes, mostly Peruvian. by J. Francis Macbride. 11 1931 Chicago [Ill.]: Field Museum of Natural History, [1931] url p. 20.
• The American flora: or history of plants and wild flowers: containing their scientific and general description, natural history, chemical and medical properties, mode of culture, propagation, &c., designed as a book of by A. B. Strong. New York: Hull & Spencer, 1855. url p. 38.
• The American flower garden directory: Philadelphia, Carey and Hart, 1841. url p. 25.
• The American gardener's magazine and register of useful discoveries and improvements in horticulture and rural affairs. Boston: Printed for Russell, Shattuck & Williams, & Hovey & Co., 1835- url p. 193.
• The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. London, C. Scribner's Sons, 1900. url .
• The English flower garden and home grounds: design and arrangement followed by a description of the plants, shrubs and trees for the open-air garden and their culture / by W. Robinson. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1921. url p. 371.
• The Florists' exchange: a weekly medium of interchange for florists, nurserymen, seedsmen and the trade in general. New York, N.Y.: [A.T. De la Mare Ptg. and Pub. Co., url p. 39.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url , , , , , p. 13, p. 168, p. 172, p. 180, p. 202, p. 294, p. 335, p. 376, p. 485, p. 522.
• The Gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orome, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 109.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 216, p. 386, p. 400.
• The Illustrated dictionary of gardening: a practical and scientific encyclopaedia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists / edited by George Nicholson. ..; assisted by J.W.H. Trail. .. and J. Garrett. ... London: L. Upcott Gill; 1887-1889. url p. 366, p. 383, p. 413, p. 418, p. 423.
• The book of garden management: Comprising information on laying out and planting gardens... London: S.O. Beeton, [1862?] url p. 270.
• The culture of vegetables and flowers from seeds and roots, by Sutton and sons. London, Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. ltd., 1908. url p. 212.
• The florist cultivator, or, Plain directions for the management of the principal florist flowers, shrubs, etc. etc.: adapted to the flower-garden, shrubbery, and greenhouse: with select lists of the finest roses, geraniums, carnations, pinks, auriculas, polyanthuses, tulips, dahlias, heartsease, &c &c.. .. / by Thomas Willats. London: J. Ridgeway, 1836. url p. 152.
• The flower garden; or, Breck's book of flowers; in which are described all the various hardy herbaceous perennials, annuals, shrubby plants, and evergreen trees, desirable for ornamental purposes, with directions for th By Joseph Breck. Boston, J. P. Jewett & company;1856. url p. 167.
• The flower-garden: or, Breck's book of flowers; in which are described all the various hardy herbaceous perennials, annuals, shrubby plants, and evergreen trees, desirable for ornamental purposes, with directions for th by Joseph Breck. Boston: J. P. Jewett & company, 1851. url p. 167.
• The gardener's magazine and register of rural & domestic improvement. London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown and Green, 1826-1844. url p. 109.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 3583.
• Lu Dequan. 1996. Portulacaceae. In: Tang Changlin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 26: 3642.
• Ford, D. I. 1992. Systematics and Evolution of Montiopsis Subgenus Montiopsis (Portulacaceae). Ph.D. thesis. Washington University.
• Hershkovitz, M. A. 1993. Revised circumscriptions and subgeneric taxonomies of Calandrinia and Montiopsis with notes on phylogeny of the portulacaceous alliance. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 333-365.
• Hershkovitz, M. A. 1993b. Leaf morphology of Calandrinia and Montiopsis (Portulacaceae). Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80: 366-396.
• Kelley, W. A. 1973. Pollen Morphology and Relationships in Calandrinia H. B. K. (Portulacaceae). M.S. thesis. California State University, Northridge.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 02, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5827845
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15794982
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:698418-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 698418-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 723548

Footnotes

1. Dequan Lu & Michael G. Gilbert "Portulacaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 442. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Walter A. Kelley "Calandrinia". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 458, 459, 461. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 633.890 meters (2,079.692 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,210.120 based on 28 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.