Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Cretan Bryony
Description
Family Cucurbitaceae
The Cucurbitaceae are mostly prostrate or climbing herbaceous annuals comprising about 90 genera and 700 species that are further characterized by commonly having 5-angled stems and coiled tendrils . The leaves are alternate and usually palmately 5-lobed or divided ; stipules are absent. The flowers are actinomorphic and nearly always unisexual . The perianth has a short to prolonged epigynous zone that bears a calyx of 3-6 segments or lobes and 3-6 petals or more frequently a 3-6-lobed sympetalous corolla. The androecium is highly variable, consisting of basically 5 distinct to completely connate stamens that frequently are twisted, folded or reduced in number. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2-5 carpels, generally with one style and as many style branches or major stigma lobes as carpels, and an inferior ovary with one locule and usually numerous ovules on 2-5 parietal placentae or 3 locules with numerous ovules on axile placentae. The fruit is a type of berry called a pepo . -- Gerald Carr.
Genus Bryonia
Climbing
herbs with perennial
roots
. Dioecious, rarely monoecious. Tendrils
simple
. Leaves 3-5-angled or palmately 3-5-lobed; petiolate
. Flowers small, white or yellow, male flowers racemose or fasciculate; calyx tube
broadly campanulate
, segments oblong
. Stamens 3, rarely 5, filaments
free
, short; anthers
free or slightly coherent, broadly oblong, one 1-locular, the others 2-locular, loculi linear
, curved
, somewhat sigmoid
, pistillode
absent; female flowers corymbose
or racemose, calyx and corolla as in the male, staminodes 3-5; ovary ovoid
, style slender, 3-fid at the top, inserted
on an annular
disc; stigmas 3, 2-lobed, ovules numerous
, horizontal, placentas 3. Fruit baccate
, spherical
, indehiscent, several to few-seeded. Seeds ovoid or oblong with thickened corrugated
margin
.
A genus of c.
12 species, distributed in Europe, Asia, North Africa & Canary Islands.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Vine , Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: June. • Flower Color: pale green
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-8' tall.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,160 meters (0 to 3,806 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 12-15" apart.
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Partial to Full Shade.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Violanae
(
)
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Cucurbitales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Cucurbitaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- citrouilles, gourdes, gourds, squashes
- Subfamily:
Cucurbitoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Benincaseae
(
)
- Genus:
Bryonia
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Bryony
- Specific epithet:
cretica subsp. dioica
- (Jacq.) Tutin
- Subspecies:
dioica
- Botanical name: - Bryonia cretica dioica (Jacq.) Tutin
- Subspecies:
dioica
- Specific epithet:
cretica subsp. dioica
- (Jacq.) Tutin
- Genus:
Bryonia
(
- Tribe:
Benincaseae
(
- Subfamily:
Cucurbitoideae
(
- Family:
Cucurbitaceae
(
- Order:
Cucurbitales
(
- Superorder:
Violanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Bryonia Cretica Dioica • Bryonia cretica L. dioica (Jacquin) Tutin
Notes
Name
status: Accepted name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000.
Publishing author
: Jacq. Publication
: Fl.
Austr. ii. 59. t. 199 (err.
typ. disica).
An accepted name in the RHS
Horticultural Database.
Place of publication: Feddes Repert. 79:61. 1968
Name verified on 31-Jul-2002 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last
updated: 11-Feb-2007
Similar Species
Members of the genus Bryonia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 6 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
B. alba (White Bryony) · B. aspera (Turkish Bryony) · B. cretica (Cret Bryony) · B. cretica dioica (Cretan Bryony) · B. dioica dioica (Cretan Bryony) · B. verrucosa (Venenillo)
More Info
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Further Reading
- Czerepanov, S. K. 1995. Vascular plants of Russia and adjacent states (the former USSR). (L USSR)
- Judd, W.S., Campbell, C.S., Kellog, E.A. and Donoghue, M.J. (2002): Plant Systematics: a phylogenetic approach, Sinauer, Sunderland, Mass.
- McGuffin, M. et al., eds. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2) [accepts].
- Tutin, T. G. et al., eds. 1964–1980. Flora europaea. (F Eur) [accepts].
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 18, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 15 providers.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8280879
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-523704
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13901241
- GRIN Nomen Number: 423639
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 523704
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDCUC04021
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BRCRD
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 26112
Footnotes
- "Bryonia". in Flora of Pakistan Page 21. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 172.070 meters (564.534 feet), Standard Deviation = 149.170 based on 5,484 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
