Common Names
Common Names in English:
Brunfelsia, Lady of the Night, Raintree
Description
Family Solanaceae
Herbs, shrubs
, small trees
, or climbers
. Stems sometimes prickly, rarely thorny; hairs
simple
, branched, or stellate
, sometimes glandular
. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired
, simple or pinnately compound
, without stipules; leaf blade
entire, dentate
, lobed
, or divided
. Inflorescences terminal
, overtopped by continuing axes, appearing axillary
, extra-axillary
, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate
, racemose, paniculate
, clustered, or solitary flowers, rarely true cymes, sometimes bracteate
. Flowers mostly bisexual
, usually regular, 5-merous, rarely 4- or 6-9-merous. Calyx mostly lobed. Petals united
. Stamens as many as corolla lobes
and alternate with them, inserted
within corolla, all alike or 1 or more reduced; anthers
dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores
. Ovary 2-5-locular; placentation mostly axile
; ovules usually numerous
. Style 1. Fruiting calyx often becoming enlarged, mostly persistent
. Fruit a berry or capsule. Seeds with copious
endosperm; embryo mostly curved
.
About 95 genera with 2300 species: best represented in western tropical
America, widespread in temperate
and tropical regions
; 20 genera (ten introduced
) and 101 species in China.
Some species of Solanaceae are known in China only by plants
cultivated in ornamental
or specialty gardens: Atropa belladonna Linnaeus, Cyphomandra betacea (Cavanilles) Sendtner, Brugmansia suaveolens (Willdenow) Berchtold & Presl, Nicotiana alata Link & Otto, and Solanum jasminoides Paxton.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Shrub , Tree
Flowers: Bloom Period: blooms repeatedly • Flower Color: cream, tan
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 4-6' tall.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 24-36" apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Solananae
(
)
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Solanales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Solanaceae
(
)
- Adans., 1763, Nom. Cons.
- Potato Family
- Subfamily:
Petunioideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Bombini
(
)
- Genus:
Brunfelsia
(
)
- L.
- Specific epithet:
nitida
- Benth.
- Botanical name: - Brunfelsia nitida
- Specific epithet:
nitida
- Benth.
- Genus:
Brunfelsia
(
- Tribe:
Bombini
(
- Subfamily:
Petunioideae
(
- Family:
Solanaceae
(
- Order:
Solanales
(
- Superorder:
Solananae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: A. L. P. P. de Candolle, Prodr. 10:201. 1846
Name verified on 24-Mar-2004 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 24-Mar-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Brunfelsia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 127 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
B. abbottii · B. acuminata · B. acuminata f. ramosissima · B. acunae · B. amazonica · B. americana (American Brunfelsia) · B. americana var. pubescens · B. augusta · B. australis (Yesterday-Today-And-Tomorrow) · B. bahiensis · B. boliviana · B. bonodora · B. brasiliensis · B. brasiliensis macrocalyx · B. brasiliensis subsp. macrocalyx · B. burchellii · B. calycina · B. calycina f. grandiflora · B. calycina var. eximia · B. calycina var. floribunda · B. calycina var. lindeniana · B. calycina var. macrantha · B. capitata · B. cestroides · B. chiricaspi (Brunfelsia) · B. chocoensis · B. clandestina · B. clarensis · B. confertiflora · B. cuneifolia · B. densiflora (Brunfelsia) · B. densifolia (Serpentine Hill Raintree) · B. dwyeri · B. eximia · B. falcata · B. fallax · B. fawcetii · B. fawcettii · B. floribunda · B. gigantea (Lady of The Night) · B. gracilis · B. grandiflora (Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow) · B. grandiflora grandiflora · B. grandiflora schultesii · B. grandiflora subsp. schultesii · B. grisebachii · B. guianensis · B. harrisii · B. hopeana · B. hopeana var. australis · B. hopeana var. macrocalyx · B. hopeana var. pubescens · B. hoppeana · B. hydrangeaeformis · B. hydrangeiformis · B. hydrangeiformis capitata · B. hydrangeiformis subsp. capitata · B. hydrangeiformis var. glabriuscula · B. imatacana · B. isola (Lady of The Night) · B. jamaicensis (Lady of the Night) · B. lactea (Princess of the Night) · B. latifolia (Yesterday-Today-And-Tomorrow) · B. lindeniana · B. linearis · B. lockharti · B. longiflora · B. longituba · B. macrocarpa · B. macroloba · B. macrophylla · B. magnifica (Magnificent Brunfelsia) · B. maliformis · B. manaca (Manaca) · B. maritima · B. martiana · B. membranacea · B. mire (Brunfelsia) · B. montana · B. multiflora · B. mutabilis · B. nitida (Lady of the Night) · B. nitida var. jamaicensis · B. nyctaginoides (Brunfelsia) · B. obovata · B. obovata coriacea · B. obovata var. coriacea · B. obovata var. obovata · B. paraguayensis · B. parviflora · B. parvifolia · B. pauciflora (Yesterday-Today-Tomorrow) · B. pauciflora 'Eximia' · B. pauciflora 'Floribunda' (Today and Tomorrow) · B. pauciflora 'Floribunda Compacta' · B. pauciflora 'Lindeniana' · B. pauciflora 'Macrantha' · B. pauciflora var. calycina · B. picardae · B. pilosa (Manaca Root)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Anales de la Sociedad Espaņola de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, ENG url p. 269.
- Flora of Costa Rica by Paul C. Standley Chicago, 1937. ENG url p. 1038.
- Flora of Guatemala / Johnnie L. Gentry, Paul C. Standley. Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1974. ENG url p. 10.
- León (J. S. Sauget) & Alain (E. E. Liogier). 1946–1962. Flora de Cuba.; suppl. 1969 (F CubaLeon)
- Plants of the Bahamas, Jamaica and Grand Cayman, by A.S. Hitchcock Issued March 9, 1893. [St. Louis, 1893] ENG url p. 112.
- Plowman, T. C. et al. 1995. A revision of the South American species of Brunfelsia (Solanaceae). Fieldiana, Bot. 39:133.
- Repertorium botanices systematicae. Auctore Guilielmo Gerardo Walpers Lipsiae, Sumtibus Friderici Hofmeister, 1842-48. LAT url p. 745.
- The transactions of the Academy of Science of St. Louis. St. Louis: The Academy, 1860-1958. ENG url p. 448.
- Kuang Ko-zen & Lu An-ming, eds. 1978. Solanaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(1): 1-175.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 11, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 11, 2007:
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2676175
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-565033
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13790401
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:814670-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 8012
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 565033
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 814670-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BRNI6
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 24976
Footnotes
- Zhi-Yun Zhang, Anmin Lu & William G. D'Arcy "Solanaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 300. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
