Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
False Boneset, Falsebonset, Thoroughwort Brickellbush
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Genus Brickellia
Annuals
, perennials
, subshrubs
, or shrubs
, (12-) 30-120(-200) cm. Stems mostly erect
, often much branched (sometimes virgate
, often striate
). Leaves cauline; opposite or alternate; petiolate
or sessile; blades
usually 3-nerved from bases
, deltate, lance-elliptic, lance-linear
, lanceolate, lance-ovate, lance-rhombic, linear
, oblong
, obovate
, ovate
, rhombic-ovate, spatulate
, or suborbiculate, margins
mostly crenate
, dentate
, entire, laciniate-dentate, lobed
, serrate, or toothed
, faces
glabrous
(sometimes shiny) or glandular-puberulent, strigose
, or tomentose
, sometimes gland-dotted. Heads usually in corymbiform
, sometimes cymiform, paniculiform
, or racemiform
, arrays, rarely borne singly. Involucres cylindric
to obconic or campanulate
, 5-12 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent
, (10-) 14-45(-60) in 3-7(-9) series, usually (4-) 5-6(-16) -striate or -nerved, linear or lanceolate to oblanceolate
or oblong, usually unequal (usually chartaceous
, sometimes herbaceous). Receptacles flat to convex
, epaleate. Florets (3-) 8-45(-90) ; corollas usually white or whitish to cream, sometimes greenish, purplish or yellowish, throats
mostly cylindric to narrowly funnelform
(lengths
3-5 times diams.) ; styles: bases enlarged, hairy
, branches narrowly clavate
(± dilated
distally). Cypselae narrowly prismatic
, 10-ribbed, glabrous or hairy to glabrate
, often gland-dotted; pappi persistent, of 10-80 usually smooth
or barbellulate
to barbellate
, sometimes plumose
or subplumose bristles
in 1 series. x = 9.
Species ca.
100: North America, Mexico, Central America.[1]
Physical Description
Species Brickellia eupatorioides
Perennials , 30-200 cm (bases woody). Stems branched, pubescent . Leaves mostly opposite (alternate in vars. gracillima and texana) ; petioles 0-10 mm; blades 1- or 3-nerved from bases, lanceolate, lance-linear , lance-ovate, lance-rhombic, linear , or oblong , 25-100 × 0.5-40 mm, bases acute, margins entire or ± dentate (often revolute ), apices obtuse to acuminate, faces glandular-pubescent . Heads in paniculiform or corymbiform arrays. Peduncles 5-100 mm, glandular-pubescent. Involucres cylindric to narrowly campanulate , 7-15 mm. Phyllaries 22-26 in 4-6 series, green to stramineous , sometimes purple-tinged, 3-7-striate, unequal, margins scarious (often ciliate ) ; outer ovate to lance-ovate (puberulent , often densely gland-dotted, apices acute to acuminate), inner lanceolate (± gland-dotted, apices obtuse to aristate ). Florets 6-35; corollas pale yellow, yellow-green, pinkish lavender, or maroon, 4.5-6 mm. Cypselae 2.7-5.5 mm, glabrous or strigose , sometimes hispidulous or velutinous and/or gland-dotted; pappi of 20-28 white or tawny , usually plumose or subplumose, sometimes barbellate , bristles . [source]
Habit: Subshrub , Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: near white, white
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 12-18" tall.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,809 meters (0 to 9,216 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.6 • Maximum pH: 8.5
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .
Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
()
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
()
- Tribe:
Eupatorieae
()
- Subtribe:
Alomiinae
()
- Genus:
Brickellia
()
- S. Elliott, 1823, nom. cons.
- [For John Brickell, 1748-1809, Irish-born physician and naturalist who settled in Georgia (not John Brickell, 1710?-1745, Irish naturalist who visited North Carolina ca. 1729-1731 and published on the natural history of North Carolina in 1737)]
- Specific epithet:
eupatorioides
- (L.) Shinners
- Botanical name: - Brickellia eupatorioides (L.) Shinners
- Specific epithet:
eupatorioides
- (L.) Shinners
- Genus:
Brickellia
(
- Subtribe:
Alomiinae
(
- Tribe:
Eupatorieae
(
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Kuhnia eupatorioides L. • Kuhnia eupatorioides Linnaeus
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Comment: Data Providers: CONABIO, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist
A-G, IPNI, Tropicos. GCC LSID: urn
:lsid:compositae.org:names:8CE6E63A-1442-414E-9A7F-E7212D9E8515
Last scrutiny: 11-Aug-09
Similar Species
Members of the genus Brickellia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 71 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
B. amplexicaulis (Ear-Leaf Brickellbush) · B. amplexicaulis B.L.Robins. var. amplexicaulis B.L.Robins. (Earleaf Brickellbush) · B. amplexicaulis B.L.Robins. var. lanceolata (Gray) B.L.Robins. (Earleaf Brickellbush) · B. amplexicaulis var. amplexicaulis (Earleaf Brickellbush) · B. amplexicaulis var. lanceolata (Earleaf Brickellbush) · B. arguta (Hollyleaf Brickellbush) · B. arguta var. arguta (Spearleaf Brickellia) · B. arguta var. odontolepis (Pungent Brickellbush) · B. atractyloides (Hollyleaf Brickellbush) · B. atractyloides Gray var. atractyloides Gray (Spearleaf Brickellia) · B. atractyloides var. atractyloides (Spearleaf Brickellia) · B. baccharidea (Baccharis-Leaf Brickellia) · B. betonicifolia (Betony-Leaf Brickell-Bush) · B. brachyphylla (Brach Brickellbush) · B. brachyphylla var. brachyphylla (Plumed Brickellbush) · B. brachyphylla var. hinckleyi (Hinckleys Brickellia) · B. brachyphylla var. terlinguensis (Terlingua Brickellia) · B. californica (California Brickell-Bush) · B. californica var. californica (California Brickellbush) · B. californica var. jepsonii (Jepson's Brickellbush) · B. chenopodina (Chenopod Brickell-Bush) · B. conduplicata (Southwest Brickell-Bush) · B. cordifolia (Flyr's Brickell-Bush) · B. coulteri (Coulter Brickellbush) · B. cylindracea (Gravel-Bar Brickell-Bush) · B. dentata (Leafy Brickell-Bush) · B. desertorum (Desert Brickellbush) · B. eupatorioides (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides (L.) Shinners var. corymbulosa (Torr. & Gray) Shinners (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. chlorolepis (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. corymbulosa (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. eupatorioides (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. floridana (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. gracilis (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. gracillima (False Boneset) · B. eupatorioides var. texana (False Boneset) · B. floribunda (Chihuahuan Brickellbush) · B. frutescens (Rigid Brickellbush) · B. grandiflora (Mountain Brickellbush) · B. greenei (Greene Brickellbush) · B. hinckleyi var. terlinguensis (Terlingu Brickellia) · B. incana (White Brickellbush) · B. knappiana (Knapp Brickellbush) · B. laciniata (Cutleaf Brickel-Bush) · B. lemmonii (Lemmon Brickellbush) · B. lemmonii var. lemmonii (Lemmon's Brickellbush) · B. lemmonii var. wootonii (Lemmon's Brickellbush) · B. longifolia (Long Leaf Brickellbush) · B. longifolia var. longifolia (Longleaf Brickellbush) · B. longifolia var. multiflora (Longleaf Brickellbush) · B. longifolia var. multiflora (Kellogg) Cronq. (Gumleaf Brickellbush) · B. microphylla (Littleleaf Brickellbush) · B. microphylla scabra (Littleleaf Brickellbush) · B. microphylla var. microphylla (Littleleaf Brickellbush) · B. microphylla var. scabra (Rough Brickellbush) · B. microphylla var. watsonii (Watson's Brickellbush) · B. nelsonii (Nelson's Brickellbush) · B. nevinii (Nevin Brickellbush) · B. oblongifolia (Mohave Brickellbush) · B. oblongifolia linifolia (Narrow Leaf Brickellbush) · B. oblongifolia var. linifolia (Narrow Leaf Brickellbush) · B. oblongifolia var. oblongifolia (Narrowleaf Brickellbush) · B. parvula (Small Brickellbush) · B. pringlei (Pringle's Brickellbush) · B. rusbyi (Stinking Brickell-Bush) · B. simplex (Sonoran Brickell-Bush) · B. venosa (Veined Brickell-Bush) · B. veronicifolia (Veronica-Leaved Brickell-Bush) · B. veronicifolia var. petrophila (Veronicaleaf Brickellbush) · B. veronicifolia var. veronicifolia (Veronicaleaf Brickellbush) · B. viejensis (Tierra Vieja Brickellbush)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 154.
- Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 23, p. 33, p. 5, p. 53, p. 72, p. 8.
- Illinois River Bluffs area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, [and the] State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, Ill.: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1998- url p. 160, p. 176.
- Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 49.
- Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 102, p. 113, p. 121, p. 129, p. 161, p. 271.
- Rock River area assessment / Illinois Department of Natural Resources, Office of Scientific Research and Analysis, Natural History Survey Division, in conjunction with State Geological Survey Division. Springfield, IL: Illinois Dept. of Natural Resources, 1996- url p. 124, p. 70, p. 73, p. 75, p. 77.
- Sensitive plant species survey, Ashland District, Custer National Forest, Powder River and Rosebud Counties, Montana / by Bonnie L. Heidel and Hollis Marriott; for Custer National Forest. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1996] url .
- Transactions of the Kentucky Academy of Science. [Lexington, Ky.]Kentucky Academy of Science, 1923-1997. url p. 45.
- Robinson, B. L. 1917. A monograph of the genus Brickellia. Mem. Gray Herb. 1: 3-151.
Notes
Contributors
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 26, 2008:
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
- University of Colorado Museum, Zoological specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2658195
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-23114
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13749256
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:186226-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 316593
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 36875
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST1H0G0
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: KUEUT BREU
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 25930
Footnotes
- Randall W. Scott "Brickellia". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 460, 491, 507. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 511.410 meters (1,677.854 feet), Standard Deviation = 521.870 based on 2,022 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
