Overview
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Threatened |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Apalachicola Doll's Daisy, Apalachicola Doll's-Daisy
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Genus Boltonia
Perennials
, 30-200+ cm (rhizomatous
, stoloniferous
, or with basal offshoots
). Stems erect
to ascending
, branched distally (ribbed
), glabrous
. Leaves basal (withering by flowering) and cauline; alternate; sessile (sometimes decurrent) ; blades
1-nerved, linear
, subulate
to lanceolate or oblanceolate
(bases
attenuate, cauline sometimes decurrent), margins
entire to serrulate
(teeth callous-tipped), (apices acute to acuminate) faces
glabrous. Heads radiate
, (10-100+) in leafy, corymbiform
or paniculiform
arrays. ( Peduncles bracteate
or ebracteate
, bracts leaflike or scalelike .) Involucres hemispheric
, (2-5 ×) 3-14 mm.
Phyllaries 30-55 in 3-6 series, 1-nerved (midribs
thickened, resinous
; flat), linear to oblanceolate or spatulate
, unequal to subequal
, margins ± membranaceous
, faces glabrous. Receptacles conic to hemispheric, obscurely pitted
, epaleate. Ray florets 20-60, pistillate
, fertile
; corollas white to lilac (laminae
linear to elliptic
). Disc florets 50-400+, bisexual
, fertile; corollas yellow, tubes
shorter than funnelform
throats
, lobes
5, erect, triangular; style-branch appendages
deltate. Cypselae dimorphic
(brownish) ; ray ± triquetrous
, margins arrowly winged
, ribs
2 abaxial
, 1 adaxial
; disc obovoid to cuneate or obcordiform, laterally compressed
, margins winged or not, resin ducts
present, faces often puberulent
; pappi persistent
, usually of 2-3 sclerified awns
plus (0-) 7-12 shorter bristles
or scales
in 1 series. x = 9.
Species 5: North America.[1]
Physical Description
Species Boltonia apalachicolensis
Plants 50-180 cm; stolons and rhizomes absent, fallen stems frequently rooting at nodes. Stems erect . Leaf blades linear to oblanceolate , obovate , or oblique-elliptic; cauline 45-120 × 8-12 mm, bases not decurrent. Heads in corymbiform arrays, branches spreading to ascending , most bracts leaflike, 10-40 × 3-8 mm. Peduncles 6-35 mm; bracts (0-) 1-3, linear to linear-oblanceolate, 1-2.5 mm. Involucres 2-2.5(-4) × 4-6 mm. Phyllaries in 2-4 series, linear to subulate , subequal , 0-4 merging down peduncle; outer 1.3-2 × 0.3-0.6 mm; inner 1.5-3 × 0.3-0.6. Ray florets 20-35; corollas white to lilac, laminae 5-9 mm, tubes 0.6-0.9 mm. Disc florets 80-134; corollas 2.1-2.9 mm. Cypselae obovoid , 1.3-2.1 × 0.8-1.3 mm, wings 0.2-0.3 mm wide; pappi awns 0.3-0.8 mm. 2n = 18. [source]
Habit: Forb/herb
Habitat
Moist, gray sand, in semishade or deep shade, hardwood floodplain forests ; 0-10 m [2].
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
(
)
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Comment: Data Providers: Govaerts World Compositae Checklist
A-G,
IPNI, Tropicos. GCC LSID: urn
:lsid:compositae.org:names:9ECC9FD8-7F2A-476D-A50B-8015D358C75B
Last scrutiny: 11-Aug-09
Similar Species
Members of the genus Boltonia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 14 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
B. apalachicolensis (Apalachicola Doll's Daisy) · B. asteroides (Aster-Like Boltonia) · B. asteroides var. asteroides (White Doll's Daisy) · B. asteroides var. latisquama (White Doll's-Daisy) · B. asteroides var. latisquama 'Jim Crockett' (Boltons Aster) · B. asteroides var. recognita (White Doll's-Daisy) · B. asteroides 'Nana' (Boltons Aster) · B. asteroides 'Pink Beauty' (Boltons Aster) · B. asteroides 'Snowbank' (Boltons Aster) · B. caroliniana (Carolina Boltonia) · B. decurrens (Claspingleaf Doll's Daisy) · B. diffusa (Small-Head Boltonia) · B. diffusa var. diffusa (Smallhead Doll's Daisy) · B. diffusa var. interior (Smallhead Doll's Daisy)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 153.
- Morgan, J. T. 1966. A Taxonomic Study of the Genus Boltonia (Asteraceae). Ph.D. dissertation. University of North Carolina.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2665799
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-23225
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13758274
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:931669-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 501009
- MoBot NameID: 2724033
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST1E050
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BOAP
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 24937
Footnotes
- Vesna Karaman-Castro, Lowell E. Urbatsch "Boltonia". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 17,353. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Boltonia apalachicolensis". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 354, 355. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
