Bidens tenuisecta

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Heliantheae

The Heliantheae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that can be readily recognized due to the association of a receptacular bract or chaff scale with each disk floret in the head . The heads usually include bisexual , actinomorphic disk florets with tubular corollas that have 4 or 5 distal lobes and also peripheral zygomorphic female or sometimes sterile florets with strap-shaped corollas that have 3 or fewer distal teeth. However, the ray flowers are sometimes absent and the heads are then discoid , containing only bisexual florets with tubular corollas. The pappus is absent or more commonly ranges from scales to stiff bristles . -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Bidens

Annuals or perennials [shrubs , vines ], 5400 cm. Stems usually 1, usually erect , (terete or 4-angled, often striate or sulcate ) branched distally or ± throughout. Leaves usually cauline; usually opposite, rarely whorled , distal sometimes alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades simple , compound (leaflets petiolulate ), or 13+-pinnatisect or -pinnately lobed (submerged leaves multifid in B . beckii, an aquatic ), ultimate margins entire, dentate , laciniate , serrate, or toothed , faces usually glabrous , sometimes hirtellous, hispidulous , pilosulous, puberulent , scabrellous, or strigillose . Heads usually radiate or discoid , sometimes ± disciform , usually in corymbiform arrays, sometimes in 2s or 3s or borne singly. Calyculi of (3) 513(21+) erect to spreading or reflexed , ± herbaceous (sometimes foliaceous ) bractlets or bracts (sometimes surpassing phyllaries). Involucres mostly hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric , (1) 412(25+) mm diam. Phyllaries persistent , mostly (4) 821(30+) in ± 2 series, usually distinct , sometimes connate 0.050.1 their lengths , mostly oblong or ovate to lance-oblong, chartaceous to membranous or scarious (usually striate with brownish nerves , margins usually hyaline ). Receptacles flat or slightly convex , paleate; paleae usually falling, (usually stramineous , sometimes yellow to orange, with darker striae) ± flat to slightly navicular . Ray florets usually 121+ (often 3, 5, 8, or 13), sometimes 0, usually neuter , sometimes styliferous and sterile ; corollas usually yellow, sometimes white or pinkish. Disc florets (5) 1260(150+), bisexual , fertile ; corollas usually yellow to orange, sometimes whitish [purplish], tubes shorter than throats , lobes (3) 5, ± deltate (staminal filaments glabrous; style-branch appendages deltate or lanceolate to subulate ). Cypselae usually obcompressed to flat, unequally 34-angled, and cuneate to oblanceolate or obovate , sometimes (all or inner) ± equally 4-angled and linear-fusiform, rarely subterete, margins (± corky-winged in B. aristosa, B. cernua, and B. polylepis) usually retrorsely, sometimes patently or antrorsely, barbed or ciliate , apices sometimes attenuate, not beaked [beaked], faces smooth , striate, or ± tuberculate , glabrous or hairy , each sometimes with 2 grooves ; pappi 0, or persistent, of (1) 24(8) usually retrorsely, sometimes antrorsely, barbellate or ciliate, rarely smooth, awns . x = 13.

Species 150-250+: widespread, especially in subtropical , tropical , and warm-temperate North America and South America.

Within species of Bidens, leaves may be simple, 1-pinnately compound, or 1-3-pinnatisect or -pinnately or -ternately lobed. For compound leaves, leaflets are described; for leaves mostly 1-pinnately lobed, primary lobes are described; for leaves 2-3-pinnatisect or -pinnately lobed, the ultimate lobes are described. Involucres in Bidens species are subtended by more or less herbaceous (sometimes foliaceous) bractlets or bracts; collectively, they constitute calyculi and they often well surpass the phyllaries. Together, phyllaries constitute involucres. In keys and descriptions here, shapes , heights , and diameters given for involucres are for involucres at flowering; involucres are sometimes notably larger in fruit. In some Bidens species, the outer and inner cypselae are obcompressed (unequally 3-4-angled) to flat, are mostly cuneate to obovate or nearly linear (broadest at or near apices), and are more or less similar except for sizes (outer smaller) ; in other species, the outer cypselae are obcompressed to flat and obovate to cuneate or linear and the inner are more or less equally 4-angled (in cross section ) and linear-fusiform (thickest near their middles and more or less attenuate toward their tips ).[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Meadows, along streams ; 1800-2600 m. Reports of Bidens tenuisecta from Maryland, Massachusetts, and New York may be based on ephemeral introductions[2].

 

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: CONABIO, Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos, Euro+Med. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:6AE877FF-1A68-4408-AF33-70AC92E791C1

Last scrutiny: 16-Oct-09

Similar Species

Members of the genus Bidens

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 90 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

B. alba (Romerillo) · B. alba var. radiata (Bidens) · B. alba var. radiata (Sch.Bip.) Ballard ex T.E.Melchert (Bidens) · B. amplectens (Koko'olau) · B. amplissima (Vancouver Island Beggar-Ticks) · B. aristosa (Bearded Beggarticks) · B. asymmetrica (Asymmetrical Beggar-Ticks) · B. aurea (Arizona Beggar-Ticks) · B. bidentoides (Delmarva Beggarticks) · B. bigelovii (Bigelow Beggarticks) · B. bipinnata (Spanish Needles) · B. campylotheca (Campylotheca Bidens) · B. campylotheca campylotheca (Koko`olau) · B. campylotheca pentamera (Viper Beggarticks) · B. campylotheca waihoiensis (Koko`olau) · B. campylotheca subsp. pentamera (Viper Beggarticks) · B. campylotheca subsp. waihoiensis (Waihoi Beggarticks) · B. cernua (Bur Marigold) · B. cernua var. Cernua (Bur Marigold) · B. cervicata (Kauai Beggarticks) · B. conjuncta (Bog Beggarticks) · B. connata (Purple-Stem Beggarticks) · B. coronata (Crowned Beggarticks) · B. cosmoides (Cosmos-Flower Beggar-Ticks) · B. cuneata (Cuneate Bidens) · B. cynapiifolia (West Indian Beggar-Ticks) · B. discoidea (Discord Beggarticks) · B. eatoni (Eaton's Beggar-Ticks) · B. eatonii (Eaton's Beggar-Ticks) · B. ferulifolia 'Goldie' (Apache Beggarticks) · B. ferulifolia 'Gold Marie' (Apache Beggarticks) · B. ferulifolia 'Klebf07003' (Fern-Leaved Beggar-Ticks 'klebf07003') · B. ferulifolia 'Klebf07570' (Fern-Leaved Beggar-Ticks 'klebf07570') · B. ferulifolia 'Peter's Gold Carpet' (Bur Marigold) · B. ferulifolia 'Smiley' (Apache Beggarticks) · B. ferulifolia 'Solaire Yellow' (Apache Beggarticks) · B. forbesii (Coastalbluff Beggarticks) · B. forbesii kahiliensis (Apache Beggar-Ticks) · B. forbesii subsp. kahiliensis (Kahili Beggarticks) · B. frondosa (Beggar Ticks) · B. gardneri (Ridge Beggartick) · B. hawaiensis (Hawai'i Beggarticks) · B. heterodoxa (Connecticut Beggar-Ticks) · B. heterodoxa var. heterodoxa (Connecticut Beggarticks) · B. heterosperma (Rocky Mountain Beggarticks) · B. hillebrandiana polycephala (Hillebrand's Beggar-Ticks) · B. hillebrandiana subsp. polycephala (Seacliff Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea (Estuary Beggar-Ticks) · B. hyperborea Greene var. gaspensis Fern. (Estuary Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea Greene var. hyperborea Greene (Estuary Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea Greene var. svensonii Fassett (Svenson's Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea var. arcuans (Estuary Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea var. gaspensis (Estuary Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea var. hyperborea (Estuary Beggarticks) · B. hyperborea var. svensonii (Svenson's Beggarticks) · B. laevis (Burmarigold) · B. lemmonii (Lemmon's Beggar-Ticks) · B. leptocephala (Few-Flower Beggar-Ticks) · B. macrocarpa (Large-Fruit Beggar-Ticks) · B. mauiensis (Maui Beggarticks) · B. menziesii filiformis (Mauna Loa Beggarticks) · B. menziesii subsp. filiformis (Mauna Loa Beggarticks) · B. micrantha ctenophylla (Grassland Beggarticks) · B. micrantha kalealaha (Grassland Beggarticks) · B. micrantha micrantha (Grassland Beggarticks) · B. micrantha subsp. ctenophylla (Grassland Beggarticks) · B. micrantha subsp. kalealaha (Kalealaha Beggarticks) · B. mitis (Florida Marigold) · B. molokaiensis (Molokai Beggar-Ticks) · B. multiceps (Beggartick) · B. pilosa (Beggar's Tick) · B. pilosa var. radiata (Beggar's Tick) · B. polycephala (Seacliff Beggarticks) · B. populifolia (Oahu Beggarticks) · B. reptans (Manzanilla Trepador) · B. reptans var. reptans (Manzanilla Trepador) · B. reptans var. urbanii (Urban's Beggartick) · B. sandvicensis confusa (Hawaiian Islands Beggar-Ticks) · B. sandvicensis sandvicensis (Shrubland Beggarticks) · B. sandvicensis subsp. confusa (Shrubland Beggarticks) · B. sulphurea (Sulphur Cosmos) · B. tenuisecta (Slim-Lobe Beggar-Ticks) · B. torta (Cork-Screw Beggar-Ticks) · B. tripartita (Three-Lobe Beggar-Ticks) · B. valida (Robust Bidens) · B. vulgata (Big Devils Beggartick) · B. wiebkei (Wiebke's Beggarticks) · B. amplissima (Hong Kong Orchid Tree) · B. x multiceps (Beggartick) · B. amplissima (Ottawa Barberry)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A popular flora of Denver, Colorado, / by Alice Eastwood. San Francisco: Zoe Publishing Company. .., [1893]. url p. 25, p. 25.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 729.
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 10, p. 111, p. 19, p. 38, p. 8, p. 82.
• Aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern United States, by Donovan S. Correll and Helen B. Correll. [Washington]Environmental Protection Agency; [For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.]1972. url p. 1671.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 1033.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 187, p. 377.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 13 1909-1912 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 165, p. 219, p. 704, p. 705.
• Flora of Colorado, Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url .
• Flora of Colorado, by P. A. Rydberg, PH. D. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 375.
• Flora of Colorado, by P.A. Rydberg. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 375, p. 375.
• Flora of New Mexico / by E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Washington: G.P.O., 1915. url p. 705.
• Flora of New Mexico. By E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off.1915 url p. 705.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 935.
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 10, p. 19, p. 38, p. 8, p. 82.
• New manual of botany of the central Rocky mountains (vascular plants) Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1909] url , .
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 302, p. 334.
• Plant indicators: the relation of plant communities to process and practice. WashingtonCarnegie Institution of Washington1920 url p. 187, p. 377.
• Plantae Fendlerianae Novi-Mexicanae: an account of a collection of plants made chiefly in the vicinity of Santa Fe? New Mexico, by Augustus Fendler /with descriptions of the new species, critical remarks and characters of other undescribed or little known plants from surrounding regions by Asa Gray. 1848 Boston, 1848 url p. 86.
• Proceedings of the Rochester Academy of Science. Rochester, N.Y.: The Academy.1889- url p. 62.
• Report of the State Botanist. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1898-1925. url , p. 10, p. 111, p. 19, p. 8.
• Reports of explorations and surveys, to ascertain the most practicable and economical route for a railroad from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean. Made under the direction of the secretary of war, in 1853-[6]. .. 4 1856 Washington, A.O.P. Nicholson, Printer [etc.]1855-60. url p. 104.
• Rydberg, P. A. Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, and British Columbia /by P. A. Rydberg... 1917 New York: The author, 1917. url p. 935.
• Smithsonian contributions to knowledge. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1848-1916. url p. 109.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 31 1888 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 297.
• Synoptical flora of North America. New York, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, and Co. [etc., etc.]1878-1884. url , p. 297.
• Synoptical flora of North America: the Gamopetalæ, being a second edition of vol. I, part II, and vol. II, part I, collected. London, Iverson, Blakeman, Taylor, and Company;1886. url .
• The University of Missouri studies. Columbia, Mo.: The University, 1905-[1918] url p. 244, p. 392.
• The flora of Boulder, Colorado, and vicinity, by Francis Potter Daniels. .. [Columbia, Mo.]The University of Missouri, 1911. url p. 244.
• The genus Bidens. .. by Earl Edward Sherff. 16 1937 Chicago, 1937. url p. 376, p. 379, p. 411, p. 7, plate XCIII.
• Torrey, J. Report on the United States and Mexican boundary survey: made under the direction of the secretary of the Interior /by William H. Emory, major First Cavalry, and United States commissioner. Washington: C. Wendell, printer, 1857-59. url p. 91, p. 91.
• Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: Geo. W. Martin url p. 127.
• Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences. New York: New York Academy of Sciences. url p. 42.
• University studies of the University of Nebraska. Lincoln. url p. 335.
• Hall, G. W. 1967. A Biosystematic Study of the North American Complex of the Genus Bidens (Compositae). Ph.D. dissertation. Indiana University.
• Sherff, E. E. 1937. The genus Bidens. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 16.
• Weedon, R. R. 1973. Taxonomy and Distribution of the Genus Bidens (Compositae) in the North-central Plains States. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Kansas.

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 02, 2008:

• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Colorado Museum, Zoological specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657389
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-4157
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13746110
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:185277-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 316587
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 35734
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST181J0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BITE
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 24342

Footnotes

1. John L. Strother, Ronald R. Weedon "Bidens". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 184, 185, 205, 206. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Bidens tenuisecta". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 207, 210. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.