Overview
This shrubby, climbing species from Africa is one of several from the genus that are grown in Hawaii as ornamentals . The genus is readily recognized by the two-lobed leaves with a small tooth in the sinus.
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
African Plume, Bahninia Rouge, Bauhinia Rouge, Bois De Boeuf Rouge, Nasturtium Bauhinia, Orchid Tree, Pride of De Kaap, Red Bauhinia, Red Butterfly Tree, Red Butterfly-Tree, Sabot Boeuf Rouge
Common Names in Informal Latinized N:
Bauhinia Rouge
Description
Family Fabaceae
The Fabaceae are herbs, vines , shrubs , trees , and lianas found in both temperate and tropical areas. They comprise one of the largest families of flowering plants , numbering 630 genera and 18,000 species. The leaves are stipulate , nearly always alternate, and range from bipinnately or palmately compound to simple . The petiole base is commonly enlarged into a pulvinus that commonly functions in orientation of the leaves (sometimes very responsively, as in the sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica). The flowers are usually bisexual , actinomorphic to zygomorphic, slightly to strongly perigynous, and commonly in racemes , spikes, or heads . The perianth commonly consists of a calyx and corolla of 5 segments each. The androecium consists of commonly 1- many stamens (most commonly 10), distinct or variously united , sometimes some of them reduced to staminodes. The pistil is simple, often stipitate , comprising a single style and stigma, and a superior ovary with one locule containing 2-many marginal ovules. The fruit is usually a legume, sometimes a samara, loment, follicle, indehiscent pod, achene, drupe, or berry. The seeds often have a hard coat with hourglass-shaped cells , and sometimes bear a u-shaped line called a pleurogram. [Carr]
Subfamily Caesalpinioideae
Mostly trees or shrubs . Leaves mostly pinnate, sometimes bipinnate, rarely apparently simple . Corolla usually showy, zygomorphic, the petals imbricate, posterior (upper or banner ) petal innermost in bud. Stamens 10 or fewer, distinct , usually not showy, some commonly reduced to staminodes. Pollen released in monads . Seeds with u-shaped line (pleurogram) usually lacking. [Carr]
Genus Bauhinia
Trees
, shrubs
or climbers
. Leaves alternate, simple
, usually consisting of two lobes
or almost bifoliolate
with midrib
between the two leaflets
produced
as a small spur. Flowers are showy, arranged in simple or panicled
, terminal
or axillary
racemes
. Hypanthium sometimes long and cylindrical, sometimes short and turbinate
. Calyx entire
or spathaceous
, or cleft
into two or five teeth. Petals 5, slightly unequal, narrowed at the base
into a claw
, variously coloured. Stamens 10, or reduced to 5 or there, filaments
free
or shortly connate
, filiform
, anthers
versatile, Dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary seated on a stalk
(gynophore
), ovules many, style
long or short and usually curved
, stigma capitate, fruit a linear
pod, dehiscent
or indehiscent.
A genus with c.
570 species, mostly distributed in tropics and warm temperate regions
of both the hemispheres."Bauhinia". in Flora of Pakistan . Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Physical Description
Habit: Shrub , Subshrub , Vine
Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: red-orange
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-8' tall.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 8-10' apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Flowering Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Fabanae
(
)
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1993
- Order:
Fabales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Fabaceae
(
)
- Lindley, 1836
- Bean Family
- Subfamily:
Caesalpinioideae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Caesalpinioideae
(
- Family:
Fabaceae
(
- Order:
Fabales
(
- Superorder:
Fabanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Perlebia galpinii (N.E.Br.)A.Schmitz
Misapplied Names
- Bauhinia punctata sensu Bolle
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny:
Place of publication
: Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 9:728. 1891 Jun "galpini" (D. Oliver in Hooker's Icon. Pl. 20: t. 1994. 1891 August)
Name verified on 12-Apr-1989 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 16-Aug-2006
Similar Species
Members of the genus Bauhinia
There are approximately 668 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
B. acuminata · B. abyssinica · B. accrescens · B. acreana · B. aculeata (White Orchid Tree) · B. aculeata aculeata · B. aculeata grandiflora · B. aculeata subsp. grandiflora · B. acuminata (Bauhinia) · B. acuruana · B. acuruana var. acuruana · B. acuruana var. nitida · B. aherniana · B. aherniana var. aherniana · B. aherniana var. subglabra · B. aimouta · B. alata · B. altiscandens · B. amambayensis · B. amatlana · B. ampla · B. ampla var. ampla · B. ampla var. schlechteri · B. anamesa · B. anatomica · B. andersonii · B. andrieuxii · B. angulicaulis · B. angulosa · B. angulosa var. bahiana · B. angulosa var. densiflora · B. angulosa var. meridionalis · B. ankarafantsikae · B. anomala · B. apertilobata · B. arborea · B. argentinensis · B. argentinensis var. argentinensis · B. argentinensis var. megasiphon · B. armata · B. aromatica · B. articulata · B. augusti · B. augustii · B. aurantiaca · B. aurea · B. aureifolia (Gold Leaf Bauhinia) · B. aureopunctata · B. ayabacensis · B. bahiachalensis · B. baina · B. bartlettii (Orchid Tree) · B. bassacensis (Bauhinia) · B. bassacensis var. backeri · B. bassacensis var. bassacensis · B. bauhinioides · B. beguinotii · B. beguinotii var. beguinotii · B. beguinotii var. gorgonae · B. benthami · B. benzoin · B. bequaertii · B. bicolor · B. bidentata (Orange Bauhinia) · B. bidentata bicornuta · B. bidentata subsp. bicornuta · B. bidentata var. bidentata · B. bidentata var. breviflora · B. bidentata var. cornifolia · B. bidentata var. fraseri · B. bidentata var. gracilipes · B. bidentata var. monticola · B. binata · B. blackeana · B. blakeana (Hong Kong Orchid Tree) · B. bohniana · B. bombaciflora · B. bongardi · B. bowkeri · B. brachycalyx · B. brachycarpa · B. brachycarpa var. brachycarpa · B. brachycarpa var. cavaleriei · B. brachycarpa var. densiflora · B. brachycarpa var. microphylla · B. bracteata · B. bracteata astylosa · B. bracteata bracteata · B. bracteata subsp. astylosa · B. brasiliensis · B. brevicalyx · B. brevipedicellata · B. brevipes · B. bryoniflora · B. burbidgei · B. burchellii · B. burkeana · B. buscalionii · B. calciphila · B. calliandroides
Bibliography
- Dyer, R. A. et al., eds. 1963–. Flora of southern Africa. (F SAfr)
- Howard, R. 1974–1989. Flora of the lesser Antilles. (F LAnt) [cult.].
- Isely, D. 1975. Leguminosae of the United States: II. Subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 25(2):23.
- Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3) [= B. punctata Bolle].
- Smith, A. C. 1979–1991. Flora vitiensis nova. (F Viti) [cult.].
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr) [mentions].
- Wit, H. C. D. de. 1956. A revision of the Malayan Bauhinieae. Reinwardtia 3:398.
- Wunderlin, R. P. et al. 1987. Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae). Biol. Skr. 28:17.
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 5, 2007.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 24, 2006. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- ILDIS World Database of Legumes
- ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
- van der Maesen, LJG, 2001-03 (from ILDIS).
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 29, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2664375
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-476
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13624570
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:481322-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 6567
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 192877
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDFAB0J0R0
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: BAPU80
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 24336
