Avena barbata

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Avena

Annuals . Culms erect , fairly robust . Leaf blades linear , flat; ligule membranous. Inflorescence a large loose panicle. Spikelets large, pendulous, oblong to gaping , florets 2 to several, the uppermost reduced; rachilla pilose or glabrous , disarticulating below each floret or only below the lowest, or not disarticulating (cultivated species) ; glumes lanceolate to elliptic , usually subequal and as long as spikelet, rarely strongly unequal or shorter than spikelet, herbaceous to membranous, 7-11-veined, back rounded , smooth , apex acuminate; floret callus acute to pungent , bearded ; lemmas lanceolate-oblong, usually leathery, occasionally papery , back rounded, 5-9-veined, glabrous to hispid , awned usually from near middle of back, apex papery, 2-toothed to 2-fid, lobes sometimes extended into fine bristles , awn geniculate with twisted column, sometimes reduced or absent (cultivated species) ; palea usually shorter than lemma, keels ciliate . Ovary densely hairy . Caryopsis with long linear hilum.

About 25 species: centered on the Mediterranean region and SW Asia, extending to N Europe and N Asia, widely introduced to other temperate and cold regions; five species (all introduced) in China.

Avena includes several species cultivated as cereal crops (oats) and is also used for fodder and fiber production . A few species have become widespread as weeds of crops in temperate regions .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,107 meters (0 to 16,755 feet).[2]

Biology

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Avena alba var. barbata (Pott Ex Link) Maire & Weiller • Avena Barbata • Avena hirsuta Moench • Avena sativa L. var. barbata (Pott Ex Link) Fiori

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Avena

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 26 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. abyssinica (Abyssinian Oat) · A. arvensis (Field Brome) · A. barbata (Slender Oat) · A. barbata barbata (Slender Oat) · A. fatua (Common Wild Oats) · A. fatua sativa (Oatgrass (Common)) · A. ludoviciana (Winter Wild Oat) · A. maroccana (Moraccan Oat) · A. meridionalis (Hybrid Oat) · A. nuda (Naked Oat) · A. occidentalis (Western Oat) · A. orientalis (Tartarian Oats) · A. pratensis (Meadow Oatgrass) · A. sativa (Cat Grass) · A. sativa nuda (Small Naked Oat) · A. sativa sativa (Oatgrass (Common)) · A. sativa sativa var. contracta (Tree Oat) · A. sativa sterilis (Animated Oat) · A. sativa 'French Black' (Black Ornamental Oats) · A. sativa 'Rodeo' (Cat Grass) · A. spicata (Poverty Oatgrass (Canada)) · A. sterilis (Animated Oat) · A. sterilis ludoviciana (Animated Oat) · A. sterilis sterilis (Animated Oat) · A. sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (Animated Oat) · A. strigosa (Lop-Side Oat)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 132.
• A flora of western middle California, Berkeley, Cal., Encina Publishing Company, 1901. url , .
• A manual of farm grasses, Washington, D. C., The author, 1921. url , , p. 133, p. 169.
• A manual of farm grasses, by A. S. Hitchcock. Washington, D. C.: The author, 1921. url p. 133.
• A manual of farm grasses. Washington, Hitchcock, 1921. url p. 133, p. 166, p. 169.
• A preliminary list of the Uredinales of California, by Walter C. Blasdale. Berkeley: University of California press, 1919. url p. 121, p. 154.
• A text-book of grasses with especial reference to the economic species of the United States, by A. S. Hitchcock. New York, Macmillan, 1914. url p. 211.
• A text-book of grasses: with especial reference to the economic species of the United States / by A.S. Hitchock. New York: Macmillan, 1914. url p. 211, p. 46.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] url p. 170, p. 171.
• An introduction to cytology, by Lester W. Sharp. .. New York [etc.]McGraw-Hill book company, inc., 1921. url p. 348.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 116, p. 124, p. 17, p. 229, p. 249, p. 249, p. 273, p. 281, p. 309, p. 379, p. 398, p. 398, p. 452, p. 452, p. 82.
• Annual report Missouri Botanical Garden. 10 1899 St. Louis: Board of Trustees, 1890-1912. url p. 173.
• Beef cattle production [by] Kenneth A. Wagnon, Reuben Albaugh [and] George H. Hart. New York, Macmillan[1960] url p. 378, p. 382.
• Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 511.
• Botanical Museum leaflets, Harvard University. 16 1953-1954 Cambridge, Mass.: Botanical Museum, Harvard University, 1932- url p. 287.
• Botanical abstracts. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co. url p. 281.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 1033, p. 296, p. 314, p. 335, p. 569, p. 864.
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden record. 19 1930 [Brooklyn]: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1912-44. url p. 285, p. 38, p. 55, p. 56.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 125.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. Washington: G.P.O., 1904-1916. url p. 147, p. 43.
• Bulletin / United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Agrostology. Washington, D.C.: The Division, 1895-1901. url p. 79.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1918 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 336.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1971- url p. 61, p. 62, p. 79.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url p. 10.
• California fish and game. [San Francisco, etc.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Fish and Game. url p. 135, p. 155, p. 202, p. 241, p. 249, p. 329.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 32, p. 82.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 48 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 126, p. 127, p. 128, p. 131, p. 134, p. 135, p. 137, p. 327, p. 360, p. 361, p. 397, p. 545, p. 550, p. 629.
• Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 382.
• Energy and environmental stress in aquatic systems: selected papers from a symposium held at Augusta, Georgia, November 2-4, 1977 / sponsored by Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Assistant Secretary for Environment, U.S. Department of Energy, Savannah River National Environmental Resea [Washington]: Technical Information Center, U.S. Dept. of Energy; 1978. url p. 467.
• Erythea. a journal of botany, West American and general. Berkeley, Calif., University of California, 1893-1922. url p. 134, p. 29, p. 64, p. 85.
• Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. url p. 230, p. 750.
• Field crops for the cotton-belt, New York, The Macmillan company, 1917. url , .
• Field crops for the cotton-belt, by James Oscar Morgan. New York: The Macmillan company, 1917. url p. 273, p. 273, p. 443, p. 443.
• Flora of Los Angeles and vicinity / by LeRoy Abrams. Stanford University, Cal. 1917. url p. 36.
• Flora of Peru... by J. Francis Macbride. 13 1936 Chicago, 1936- url p. 150.
• Flora of Santa Catalina island (California) / Charles Frederick Millspaugh and Lawrence William Nuttall. 5 1923 Chicago, 1923. url p. 331.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. 2 1934 [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 207, p. 210.
• Florula Mortolensis. An enumeration of the plants growing wild at La Mortola. Ventimiglia, Billi, 1905. url .
• Flowering plants of the Riviera: a sescriptive account of 1800 of the more interesting species / by H. Stuart Thompson; with an introduction on Riviera vegetation by A. G. Tansley London; New York: Longmans, Green, 1914. url p. 234.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url p. 57.
• Journal of a tour in Marocco and the Great Atlas, London, Macmillan and co., 1878. url p. 109, p. 492.
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• Leaflets of western botany. San Fransisco:[J. T. Howell], 1932-1966. url p. 19, p. 269, p. 56.
• Manual of the grasses of the United States / by A.S. Hitchcock. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1935. url p. 294, p. 295, p. 297, p. 803.
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• Memoirs of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History. Honolulu: [Bishop Museum Press], 1899-1949. url p. 142, p. 143, p. 225.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 17, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain, BDBCV BioBlitz in Penyagolosa
• GBIF-Spain, Botánica, Universidad de León: LEB-Cormo
• GBIF-Spain, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación de la Junta de Extremadura(DGIDTI): HSS
• GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
• GBIF-Spain, Hortus Botanicus Sollerensis Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Institut Botanic de Barcelona, BC
• GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Almería, HUAL
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Extremadura, UNEX
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO
• Herbarium Hamburgense, Impetus - Herbarium Hamburgense
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), EURISCO
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
• Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
• , IPK Genebank
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, Justus-Liebig-Universitat Giessen
• SysTax, SysTax
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2661471
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-41456
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:391337-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 6089
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 41456
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA0S010
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: AVHI
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 23366

Footnotes

1. Zhen-lan Wu & Sylvia M. Phillips "Avena". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 316, 323. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 272.210 meters (893.077 feet), Standard Deviation = 726.970 based on 1,056 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.