Austrostipa scabra
(No common name)Conservation Status
Population Analysis
- For the 288,752 species in the Class Liliopsida (Monocotyledons), we average 3.97 observations each in our database; for Austrostipa scabra, we have 188 observations. Compared to other species in this Class, this species is moderately common.
- A two-sample t-test can be used to determine whether the trend in observations of Austrostipa scabra is the same as the trend in observations of Liliopsida. Is this species just as common, as a proportion of all observations, as it once was? The answer is no, changes in observation rate of this species significantly differ from changes in observation rate of its Class. (t=5.608, p<0.001)
- How do observation rates of Austrostipa scabra differ from those of Liliopsida? To answer this, we examined the percentage of observerations for Liliopsida that were observations of Austrostipa scabra each year. We then correlated this percentage with observation year. If observations of Austrostipa scabra are becoming more common relative to other species of Liliopsida, the correlation should be positive, but if it is becoming less common, the correlation should be negative. In fact, the correlation is negative (r=-.44), with a negative slope (m = -.001), suggesting that Austrostipa scabra may be in decline relative to other species of Liliopsida. This correlation is statistically significant. (F = 26.85, p<.05)
- The scatter chart to the right shows the percentage of all observations for Liliopsida each year that were observations of Austrostipa scabra.
Taxonomy
- Domain: Eukaryota
Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Cronquist, Takhtajan & W. Zimmermann, 1966 - Flowering Plants
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
auct.
- Class: Liliopsida
Scopoli, 1760 - Monocotyledons
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder: Poanae
(Small, 1903) Takhtajan, 1997 ex Reveal & Doweld, 1999
- Order: Poales
Small, 1903
- Family: Poaceae
(poh-AY-see-ay)
(R. Brown) Barnhart, 1895 - Grass Family
- Subfamily: Pooideae
- Tribe: Stipeae
- Genus: Austrostipa
Jacobs, S.W.L. and Everett, J., 1996
- Specific epithet: scabra
- Botanical name: Austrostipa scabra (Lindl.) S. W. L. Jacobs & J. Everett
- Specific epithet: scabra
- Genus: Austrostipa
Jacobs, S.W.L. and Everett, J., 1996
- Tribe: Stipeae
- Subfamily: Pooideae
- Family: Poaceae
(poh-AY-see-ay)
(R. Brown) Barnhart, 1895 - Grass Family
- Order: Poales
Small, 1903
- Superorder: Poanae
(Small, 1903) Takhtajan, 1997 ex Reveal & Doweld, 1999
- Subclass: Commelinidae
Takhtajan, 1967
- Class: Liliopsida
Scopoli, 1760 - Monocotyledons
- Infraphylum: Angiospermae
auct.
- Subphylum: Spermatophytina
(auct.) Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Seed Plants
- Phylum: Magnoliophyta
Cronquist, Takhtajan & W. Zimmermann, 1966 - Flowering Plants
- Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae
Cavalier-Smith, 1981 - Green Plants
- Kingdom: Plantae
Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
Notes:
Place of publication: Telopea 6:588. 1995
Name verified on 10-Mar-1997 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-May-1997
Physical Description
Family Poaceae:
Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos. Flowering stems (culms) jointed, internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks, differentiated into sheath, blade, and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins, modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate, veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, an open, contracted, or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired, or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes) empty, subtending 1 to many florets; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn), glumes also sometimes awned. Flowers bisexual or unisexual; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary, anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear.
About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.[1]
Images:
Distribution
Range and Population
Native: .
Similar Species
Members of the genus Austrostipa:
There are approximately 71 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus: A. acrociliata · A. aphylla · A. aquarii · A. aristiglumis · A. aristoglumis · A. bigeniculata · A. blackii · A. blakei · A. breviglumis · A. campylachne · A. centralis · A. compressa · A. crinita · A. curticoma · A. densiflora · A. dongicola · A. drummondii · A. echinata · A. elegantissima · A. eremophila · A. exilis · A. feresetacea · A. flavescens · A. geoffreyi · A. gibbosa · A. hemipogon · A. juncifolia · A. lanata · A. macalpinei · A. metatoris · A. mollis · A. muelleri · A. multispiculis · A. mundula · A. nitida · A. nivicola · A. nodosa · A. nullanulla · A. nullarborensis · A. oligostachya · A. petraea · A. pilata · A. platychaeta · A. plumigera · A. puberula · A. pubescens · A. pubinodis · A. pycnostachya · A. ramosissima · A. rudis · A. rudis australis · A. rudis nervosa · A. rudis rudis · A. rudis subsp. australis · A. rudis subsp. nervosa · A. scabra · A. scabra falcata · A. scabra scabra · A. scabra subsp. falcata · A. semibarbata · A. setacea · A. stipoides · A. stuposa · A. tenuifolia · A. trichophylla · A. tuckeri · A. variabilis · A. velutina · A. verticillata · A. vickeryana · A. wakoolica
Bibliography
- Chen Shouliang, Jin Yuexing, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Liu Liang, Wu Zhenlan, Lu Shenglian, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao, Wang Song, Sun Xiangzhong, Wang Huiqin, Yang Xilin, Wang Chaopin, Li Binggui & Wen Shaobin. 1990. Gramineae (Poaceae) (4). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(1):1401
- Chen Shouliang, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Jin Yuexing, Liu Liang, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao & Wang Song. 1997. Gramineae (Poaceae) (5). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(2): 1301
- Jacobs, S.W.L. and Everett, J. (1996) Austrostipa, a new genus, and new names for the Australasian species formerly included in Stipa (Gramineae). Telopea 6(4) : 579-595.
- Liu Liang, Zhu Taiping, Chen Wenli, Wu Zhenlan & Lu Shenglian. Gramineae (Poaceae) (2). In: Liu Liang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 1405
- Lu Sheng-lian, Sun Yong-hua, Liu Shang-wu, Yang Yong-chang, Wu Zhen-lan, Kuo Pen-chao, Yang Hsi-ling, Wang Chao-pin & Tsui Nai-ran. 1987. Gramineae (3). In: Kuo Pen-chao, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 1329
- Wang Zhengping, Ye Guanghan, Yang Yaling, Yu Zehua, Hu Chenhua, Geng Bojie, Feng Xuelin, Jia Liangzhi, Xia Nianhe, Li Dezhu, Zhang Weiping, Xue Jiru, Zhu Zhengde, Zhao Qiseng, Chen Shouliang, Sheng Guoying, Chen Shaoyun, Yao Changyu, Lu Jionglin, Sun Jiliang, Lin Wantao, Yi Tongpei, Zhao Huiru, Wen Taihui & Dai Qihui. 1996. Gramineae (Poaceae) (1).
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Notes
Contributors:
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 15, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 6 providers.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)
Data Sources:
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 15, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
- National Herbarium of New South Wales: NSW herbarium collection
- Utah State University: USU-UTC Specimen Database
Identifiers:
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15747156
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:989858-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1035075
Footnotes:
- Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
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