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Arnoglossum album

(Bay County Indian-Plantain)

Overview

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Critically Endangered

Threat status

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Bay County Indian-Plantain

Description

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Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Senecioneae

The Senecioneae are a tribe of closely related genera that can be recognized most readily by the nature of the pappus and the involucral bracts or phyllaries. The phyllaries are basically in one well developed, often partially or wholly connate series of equal length that closely envelope the head . Frequently there are a few, very much smaller and mostly randomly distributed, often necrotic-tipped bracts near the base of the main series. The pappus is of fine, soft, often pure white capillary hairs . Heads may be either discoid or radiate . -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Arnoglossum

Perennials , 30-300 cm. Stems usually 1, erect (unbranched proximal to heads ). Leaves basal and cauline; alternate; petiolate or sessile; blades palmately nerved, mostly cordate, deltate, elliptic , hastate, ovate , or reniform , sometimes lanceolate or lance-linear , margins entire, ± dentate to denticulate , sinuate , or lobed , faces usually glabrous . Heads discoid , in corymbiform arrays. Calyculi 0. Involucres cylindric to turbinate , 2.5-5 mm diam. Phyllaries persistent , 5 in 1-2 series, erect (spreading in fruit), distinct , ovate or oblong to linear (midveins sometimes winged ), ± equal, margins scarious (hyaline ). Receptacles flat or convex (usually with central cusp 0.5-2 mm), foveolate, epaleate. Ray florets 0. Disc florets 5, bisexual , fertile ; corollas usually creamy or greenish white, rarely purplish distally, tubes longer than to equaling campanulate to funnelform throats , lobes 5, spreading or recurved, lanceolate; style branches: stigmatic areas continuous, apices truncate or truncate-penicillate (appendages essentially 0). Cypselae clavate , cylindric, ellipsoid , or ± fusiform , (4-) 10-15-ribbed or -nerved, glabrous (resinous ) ; pappi persistent, fragile, or readily falling, of 100-120+, white, smooth or barbellate bristles . x = 28.

Species 8: e North America.

The name Cacalia Linnaeus has been misapplied to Arnoglossum.[1]

Physical Description

Species Arnoglossum album

Plants 80-100+ cm. Stems strongly ridged . Basal leaves: (petioles 12-18+ cm) blades (lateral veins appressed to midveins 2-4 cm, then spreading ) broadly ovate to narrowly oblong-lanceolate, 15-37 cm, margins usually entire, rarely sinuate or serrulate-denticulate. Cauline leaves: proximal petiolate , blades ovate (12-18+ cm, bases cuneate), margins serrate (apices acuminate) ; distal sessile, smaller. Involucres 10-12.5+ mm. Phyllaries (chalky white) ± ovate, midvein wings highest at bases. Corollas white, rarely tinged with pink, 9-10.5 mm. Cypselae cylindric to narrowly clavate , 4.2-5 mm; pappi 6-7 mm. 2n = 50. [source]

Flowers: Bloom Period: May, June, July.

Habitat

Poorly drained, acidic loamy sands, savannas , open pinewoods ; of conservation concern; 0-10 m [2].

Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of -17 meters (-56 feet).[3]

Biome: Coastal.

Taxonomy

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Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:E477F3D0-68E1-4D3E-A750-9443D41E9352

Last scrutiny: 10-Aug-09

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Arnoglossum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. album (Bay County Indian-Plantain) · A. atriplicifolium (Pale Indian Plaintain) · A. diversifolium (Variable-Leaved Indian-Plantain) · A. floridanum (Florida Cacalia) · A. muehlenbergii (Great Indian Plaintain) · A. ovatum (Egg-Leaf Indian-Plantain) · A. plantagineum (Arnoglossum) · A. sulcatum (Georgia Indian Plaintain)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 24, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Loran C. Anderson "Arnoglossum". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 542, 622. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Arnoglossum album". in Flora of North America Vol. 20 Page 623. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Standard Deviation = 24.100 based on 6 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/16/2012