Aristida divaricata

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Aristida

Perennials , less often annuals or suffruticose . Culms tufted . Leaf blades usually basal, rolled or rarely flat. Inflorescence a narrow or open panicle. Spikelets with 1 floret; glumes scarious , narrow, unequal with the upper usually longer , 1(-3) -veined; floret callus bearded , obtuse to pungent or 2-toothed; lemma narrowly cylindrical or laterally compressed , convolute, glabrous or sparsely hairy ; awn 3-branched, branches arising directly from lemma apex or seated on a straight or twisted column, persistent or disarticulating either at base or apex of column (always persistent in China), scabrid . Stamens 3.

About 300 species: widely distributed in tropical and warm-temperate regions of the world; ten species (six endemic) in China.

This genus is found on poor, dry soils in areas of low rainfall, but does not usually penetrate into true desert.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,793 meters (0 to 9,163 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring • Fruit/Seed Period End: Summer • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: Low • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 4.5 • Maximum pH: 6.5 • Fertility Requirement: Low

Sunlight: Shade Tolerance: Intermediate

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High • Minimum Precipitation: 7 • Maximum Precipitation: 45 • Moisture Use: Low

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): -8 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 180

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Aristida

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 65 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. adscensionis (Six-Weeks Three-Awn Grass) · A. adscensionis var. adscensionis (Sixweeks Threeawn) · A. arizonica (Arizona Three-Awn Grass) · A. basiramea (Forked Three-Awn) · A. beyrichiana (Beyrich Threeawn) · A. californica (California Three-Awn Grass) · A. californica var. californica (California Threeawn) · A. californica var. glabrata (Santa Rita Threeawn) · A. chaseae (Chase's Threeawn) · A. cognata (Spreading Threeawn) · A. condensata (Big Three-Awned Grass) · A. desmantha (Curly Threeawn) · A. dichotoma (Churchmouse Threeawn) · A. dichotoma var. curtissii (Curtis' Threeawn) · A. dichotoma var. dichotoma (Churchmouse Threeawn) · A. divaricata (Poverty Threeawn) · A. floridana (Key West Threeawn) · A. gypsophila (Gypsum Threeawn) · A. gyrans (Corkscrew Three-Awn Grass) · A. havardii (Harvard Threeawn) · A. lanosa (Woolly Three-Awn) · A. longespica (Slim-Spike Three-Awn Grass) · A. longespica geniculata (Spiked Needlegrass) · A. longespica longespica (Kearney´s Three-Awn) · A. longespica var. geniculata (Slimspike Threeawn) · A. longispica (Slimspike Threeawn) · A. longispica var. geniculata (Slimspike Threeawn) · A. longispica var. longispica (Slimspike Threeawn) · A. mohrii (Mohr's Three-Awn Grass) · A. oligantha (Oldfield Threeawn) · A. orcuttiana var. orcuttiana (Single Threeawn) · A. palustris (Longleaf Three-Awn) · A. pansa (Wooton Threeawn) · A. pansa var. pansa (Wooton's Threeawn) · A. patula (Tall Three-Awn Grass) · A. portoricensis (Pelos Del Diablo) · A. purpurascens (Arrowfeather Threeawn) · A. purpurascens var. purpurascens (Arrowfeather Threeawn) · A. purpurascens var. tenuispica (Arrowfeather Threeawn) · A. purpurascens var. virgata (Arrowfeather Threeawn) · A. purpurea (Democrat Grass) · A. purpurea var. fendleriana (Fendlers Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. longiseta (Fendlers Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. micrantha (Red Three-Awn) · A. purpurea var. nealleyi (Blue Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. parishii (Parish Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. perplexa (Purple Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. purpurea (Purple Threeawn) · A. purpurea var. wrightii (Wrights Threeawn) · A. ramosissima (Branched Three-Awn Grass) · A. ramosissima var. ramosissima (S-Curve Threeawn) · A. refracta (Islandthicket Threeawn) · A. rhizomophora (Florida Three-Awn Grass) · A. schiedeana (Single Threeawn) · A. schiedeana var. orcuttiana (Orcutt's Threeawn) · A. simpliciflora (Southern Three-Awned Grass) · A. spiciformis (Bottlebrush Threeawn) · A. stricta (Pineland Three-Awn Grass) · A. stricta var. beyrichiana (Wiregrass) · A. suringarii (St. Eustatius Threeawn) · A. swartziana (Swartz's Threeawn) · A. ternipes (Spider Three-Awn Grass) · A. ternipes var. gentilis (Mesa Threeawn) · A. ternipes var. ternipes (Spidergrass) · A. tuberculosa (Seabeach Needlegrass)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 100.
• American plants. .. [Descriptions, bibliographical notes, synonymy, and other information, comp. from many sources] Charles Russell Orcutt, editor. San Diego, Calif., [1907]-1910. url p. 420.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] url p. 124, p. 125.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 178, p. 183.
• Bio-ecology, by Frederic E. Clements. .. and Victor E. Shelford. .. New York, J. Wiley & Sons, inc.;1939. url p. 287.
• Biologia centrali-americana; or, Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna and flora of Mexico and Central America. London, Pub. for the editors by R. H. Porter and Dulau & co., 1879-88. url , .
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 388.
• Bulletin / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington: G.P.O., 1901-1913. url p. 15.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url , , p. 20, p. 26, p. 33.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url , , p. 119, p. 145, p. 146, p. 147, p. 148, p. 177.
• Circular / United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Agrostology. Washington, D.C.: The Division, 1895-1901. url p. 5.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 46 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 151, p. 164, p. 275, p. 279, p. 530, p. 547, p. 548, p. 549, p. 551, p. 599, p. 601, p. 62, p. 63, p. 70, p. 728, p. 729, p. 77, p. 82, p. 83, p. 85, p. 91.
• Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium. 9 1966 Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan, 1939- url p. 47, p. 51, p. 87.
• Erythea. a journal of botany, West American and general. 2 1894 Berkeley, Calif., University of California, 1893-1922. url p. 78.
• Essays in geobotany in honor of William Albert Setchell, edited by T.H. Goodspeed. Berkeley, Calif., University of California Press, 1936. url p. 126, p. 93, p. 95.
• Flora of New Mexico / by E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Washington: G.P.O., 1915. url p. 62, p. 63.
• Flora of New Mexico. By E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off.1915 url p. 62, p. 63.
• History of Pasadena, comprising an account of the native Indian, Pasadena, Cal., Pasadena history company, 1895. url p. 628.
• Illustrations of North American grasses. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1891-93. url , p. 89.
• Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada / by Nathaniel Lord Britton. New York: Holt, 1905. url p. 96.
• Manual of the grasses of the United States / by A.S. Hitchcock. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1935. url p. 449, p. 450, p. 798.
• Memoirs of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 12 1981 San Diego, Calif.: The Society, 1931-1989. url p. 102.
• North American fauna. Washington: Fish and Wildlife Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 22.
• Phytologia memoirs. Plainfield, N.J.: H.N. Moldenke and A.L. Moldenke, 1980- url p. 62, p. 64.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 21.
• Plant indicators: the relation of plant communities to process and practice. WashingtonCarnegie Institution of Washington1920 url p. 119, p. 145, p. 146, p. 147, p. 148, p. 177, p. xii.
• Range plant handbook. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1937. url p. vi.
• Scientific memoirs, selected from the transactions of foreign academies of science, and from foreign journals. Natural history. Ed. by Arthur Henfrey and Thomas Henry Huxley. London, Taylor and Francis, 1853. url p. 289.
• Studies in West Indian plants. New York, 1908-26. url p. 458.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 52 1992 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url allred, page 41, fig. 2, page 44.
• The University of Kansas science bulletin. 48 1970 [Lawrence]: University of Kansas, 1902-1996. url p. 890.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. 7 1897 London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 224, p. 224.
• The forests and flora of British Honduras / by Paul C. Standley and Samuel J. Record; in cooperation with the Conservator of Forests and the Agricultural Officer of the Colony. 12 1936 Chicago: [Field Museum of Natural History], 1936. url p. 69.
• The grasses and grass-like plants of New Mexico / E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Agricultural College, N.M.: New Mexico College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, Agricultural Experiment Station, 1912. url p. 55, p. 56.
• Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: W.Y. Morgan, 1903- url p. 91.
• Transactions of the. .. annual meetings of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: Kansas Pub. House, 1883-1901. url p. 164.
• Year book - Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington url p. 349, p. 350.
• Year book / Carnegie Institution of Washington. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1903- url p. 349, p. 350.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2661442
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-41416
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13753869
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:389380-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 453500
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 41416
• MoBot NameID: 25507385
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PMPOA0K0D0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARDI5
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 22646

Footnotes

1. Sheng-lian Lu, Shou-liang Chen & Sylvia M. Phillips "Aristida". in Flora of China Vol. 22 Page 453. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 1,355.770 meters (4,448.064 feet), Standard Deviation = 585.510 based on 132 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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