Overview
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Critically Endangered |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Kau Silversword, Ka`i Silversword, Mauna Loa Silversword
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Physical Description
Species Argyroxiphium kauense
Erect , single stemmed and monocarpic or sparingly branched and polycarpic shrub , the flowering stems up to 2.5 m high. Diagnostic features of the species include greyish or silvery sericeous , narrowly linear-ligulate leaves mostly 2-4 dm long and 3-7 mm wide at midpoint and rosettes elevated on vegetative stems commonly 5-70 cm long. The few flowering specimens available were collected in August and September.
Habit: Shrub
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [1].
Ecology:
A shrub
, found primarily in bogs
or openings in wet forests
at elevations
ranging from about 1,625 to 1,900 m.
[1].
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.9 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane [more info]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
()
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
()
- Tribe:
Helenieae
()
- Subtribe:
Madiinae
()
- Genus:
Argyroxiphium
()
- A.P. de Candolle, 1836
- Specific epithet:
kauense
- (Rock & M.Neal) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
- Botanical name: - Argyroxiphium kauense (Rock & M.Neal) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
- Specific epithet:
kauense
- (Rock & M.Neal) O.Deg. & I.Deg.
- Genus:
Argyroxiphium
(
- Subtribe:
Madiinae
(
- Tribe:
Helenieae
(
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Argyroxiphium sandwicense var. kauense Rock and Neal
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Comment: Data Providers: New Zealand Plant Name Database, Govaerts
World Compositae Checklist
A-G, IPNI, Tropicos. GCC LSID: urn
:lsid:compositae.org:names:F94BA79B-ED9B-4CA3-8C56-465833F0AAC4
Last scrutiny: 04-Sep-09
Similar Species
Members of the genus Argyroxiphium
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 10 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. caliginis (Eke Silversword) · A. grayanum (Greensword) · A. kai (Kai Silversword) · A. kauense (Kau Silversword) · A. sandwicense (East Maui Silversword) · A. sandwicense macrocephalum (East Maui Silversword) · A. sandwicense sandwicense (Mauna Kea Silversword) · A. sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum (Haleakala Silversword) · A. virescens (Greensword) · A. x kai (Kai Silversword)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 149.
- Compositae newsletter. Columbus, Ohio: Dept. of Botany, Ohio State University, 1975- url p. 20.
- Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium. 22 1999 Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan, 1939- url p. 144.
- World Plant Conservation Bibliography WCMC, Royal Botanic Gardens url p. 549, p. 622.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium kauense. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.
- Bruegmann, M.M. and Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium kauense. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
- Carr, Gerald
- GCC: Global Compositae Checklist. Release date: November 18, 2009
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 26, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3875202
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-5849
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178839-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 319809
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 38728
- IUCN ID: 192632
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST0P040
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Identifier: Q1T2
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARKA2
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 22582
Footnotes
- Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium kauense. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 January 2012. [back]
