Overview
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Extinct |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Greensword
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Physical Description
Species Argyroxiphium virescens
Erect , single-stemmed and moncarpic or branched and polycarpic rosette shrub , the flowering stems up to about 1.5 m high. Diagnostic features of the species include green, 5-9-nerved, linear-ligulate leaves 17-30 cm long and 3.5-6.5 mm wide, and pappus of disk florets mostly 2.5-4.5 mm long. Flowering specimens were collected in August.
Habit: Shrub
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [1].
Ecology:
A single-stemmed or branched rosette shrub
of moist to wet subalpine
forests
and shrublands.[1].
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.9 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.7 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude [more info]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Class:
Spermatopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
()
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
()
- Tribe:
Helenieae
()
- Subtribe:
Madiinae
()
- Genus:
Argyroxiphium
()
- A.P. de Candolle, 1836
- Specific epithet:
virescens
- Hillebr.
- Botanical name: - Argyroxiphium virescens Hillebr.
- Specific epithet:
virescens
- Hillebr.
- Genus:
Argyroxiphium
(
- Subtribe:
Madiinae
(
- Tribe:
Helenieae
(
- Subfamily:
Asteroideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Argyroxiphium forbesii St. John
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Similar Species
Members of the genus Argyroxiphium
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 10 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. caliginis (Eke Silversword) · A. grayanum (Greensword) · A. kai (Kai Silversword) · A. kauense (Kau Silversword) · A. sandwicense (East Maui Silversword) · A. sandwicense macrocephalum (East Maui Silversword) · A. sandwicense sandwicense (Mauna Kea Silversword) · A. sandwicense subsp. macrocephalum (Haleakala Silversword) · A. virescens (Greensword) · A. x kai (Kai Silversword)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 149.
- Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1988 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 95.
- Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society. Honolulu: Hawaiian Entomological Society url , , , p. 116, p. 91.
- The indigenous trees of the Hawaiian Islands / by Joseph F. Rock. Honolulu: J.F. Rock; 1913. url p. 281, p. 371, p. 489, p. 501, p. 79, p. 81.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium virescens. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.
- Bruegmann, M.M. and Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium virescens. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
- Carr, Gerald
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum: Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- USDA PLANTS: USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2659566
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-38730
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:178842-1
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 38730
- IUCN ID: 192634
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDAST0P070
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARFO
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 22579
Footnotes
- Bruegmann, M.M. & Caraway, V. 2003. Argyroxiphium virescens. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 January 2012. [back]
