Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Jun-Aug
Description
Family Primulaceae
Herbs perennial
or annual
, rarely suffruticose
. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled
, often all basal, simple
, entire to lobed
. Flowers solitary or in panicles, racemes
, or umbels, usually with bracts, perfect
, (4- or) 5(--9) -merous, often heterostylous (Primula) . Calyx persistent
. Corolla gamopetalous, actinomorphic
, rarely absent (Glaux) . Stamens as many as and opposite corolla lobes
, ± epipetalous
, occasionally with scalelike staminodes. Filaments
free
or connate
into a tube
at base
. Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior (Samolus), unilocular
; placentation free central; style simple; stigma inconspicuous, capitate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves
, rarely circumscissile or indehiscent. Seeds many or few; embryo small, straight, surrounded by endosperm.
The family
contains 22 genera and ca.
1000 species, occurring mainly in temperate
and mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere. Twelve genera and 517 species are widely distributed throughout China, but are represented mostly in the S and W regions. The centers of diversity
for Primula, Androsace, and Omphalogramma are W Sichuan, E Xizang, and NW Yunnan. Lysimachia is also highly developed in provinces
S of the Chang Jiang, while Pomatosace is an endemic genus confined to a small area of NW Sichuan and Qinghai.
Many species of Primula and Androsace are cultivated for their attractive flowers as pot plants
, in rock gardens, or in garden borders
. Some species of Lysimachia are used medicinally. Cyclamen persicum Miller is frequently cultivated as a pot plant.[1]
Genus Ardisia
Trees
, shrubs
, suffrutescent
[or rarely herbs]. Leaves alternate or pseudoverticillate
, usually punctate
or punctate-lineate. Inflorescences paniculate
, cymose
, corymbose
, or umbellate
, rarely racemose. Flowers bisexual
, often punctate, 5- or rarely 4-merous. Calyx campanulate
or cupular; sepals free
or barely united
at base
, imbricate or quincuncial, usually punctate or punctate-lineate. Corolla campanulate, often punctate; lobes
united at base, overlapping to right
or very rarely to left, imbricate, or quincuncial, often conical
in bud. Stamens attached at base or middle
of corolla tube
; filaments
very short, broad at base; anthers
dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores
. Ovary ovoid
or subglobose, as long as or longer
than petals; ovules 3 to many. Style base persistent; stigma minute, apiculate
. Fruit drupaceous
, 1-seeded, punctate, sometimes longitudinally ribbed
, with somewhat fleshy
exocarp
and crusty or slightly bony endocarp. Seeds covered by membranous remnants of placenta.
About 400-500 species: primarily tropical
E and SE Asia, Americas, Australia, and Pacific Islands; 65 species in China.[2]
Physical Description
Species Ardisia densilepidotula
Trees 3-8(-15) m tall, densely reddish brown scaly on branchlets , petioles and inflorescence rachis. Branchlets angular, 5-7 mm in diam. Petiole narrowly marginate , deeply canaliculate , ca. 1 cm; leaf blade obovate or broadly oblanceolate , 11-17(-24) × 4-6(-10) cm, cartilaginous , inconspicuously punctate , scrobiculate , base cuneate and narrowly decurrent, margin entire, revolute , apex broadly acute; lateral veins numerous , raised on both surfaces, marginal vein present. Inflorescences terminal or subterminal , pyramidal paniculate , branches subumbellate, 10-14 cm. Flowers leathery, pink or purplish red, ca. 3 mm. Pedicel 3-8 mm. Sepals lanceolate, 1-1.5 mm, inconspicuously pellucid punctate, glabrous , margin ciliate, apex acute. Petals nearly free , ovate , inconspicuously pellucid punctate, glabrous, margin entire, apex obtuse . Stamens subequalling petals; filaments to 1 mm; anthers ovate, not punctate dorsally, apiculate . Pistil as long as or longer than petals in bud; ovary ovoid , glabrous; ovules ca. 14, in 2 or 3 close series. Fruit purplish red to black, globose , ca. 6 mm in diam., inconspicuously pellucid punctate. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Oct-Nov. [source]
Habitat
Dense broad-leaved forests , valleys, hillsides; 300-2000 m. (Ref. 110980).
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Primulanae
(
)
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1996
- Order:
Ericales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Primulaceae
(
)
- Batsch ex Borkh., 1797, nom. cons.
- primevères, primroses
- Subfamily:
Myrsinoideae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Myrsinoideae
(
- Family:
Primulaceae
(
- Order:
Ericales
(
- Superorder:
Primulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Merr. Publication : Lingnan Sc. Journ. 1928, vi. 284 (1930).
Similar Species
Members of the genus Ardisia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. crenata (Coral Ardisia) · A. crispa (Ardisia) · A. densilepidotula (Jun-Aug) · A. elliptica (Shoe-Button Ardisia) · A. escallonioides (Marlberry) · A. escallonoides (Island Marlberry) · A. glauciflora (Ausubon) · A. japonica (Japanese Ardisia) · A. japonica 'Chirimen' (Chirimen Marlberry) · A. lateriflora (Quiebrahacha) · A. luquillensis (Mountain Marlberry) · A. obovata (Guadeloupe Marlberry) · A. opaca (Mala Sombra) · A. pulverulenta (Blossomberry Grape) · A. revoluta (Ardisia) · A. solanacea (Jet Berry) · A. standleyana (Frutita De Paloma) · A. subsessilifolia (Hoja Lisa) · A. wallichii (Ardisia)
More Info
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Further Reading
- Chen Feng-hwai, Hu Chi-ming, Fang Yun-yi, Cheng Chao-zong, Yang Yong-chang & Huang Rong-fu In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(1): 1-217
- Hu Chi-ming In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (2). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(2): 1-321.
- Chen Chieh. 1979. Myrsinaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 58: 1-147.
Notes
Contributors
- "Ardisia densilepidotula". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 16. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3422754
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15634837
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:586928-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 586928-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1088736
Footnotes
- Qiming Hu & Sylvia Kelso "Primulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 39. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Ardisia". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 10. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
