Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Afrikaans:
Apeneutjie, Grondboontjie
Common Names in Arabic:
Fûl Sûdânî, Ful Sudane
Common Names in Aymara:
Chokopa
Common Names in Azerbaijani:
Erfyndygy
Common Names in Chinese:
Chang Sheng Guo, Hua Sheng, Luo Hua Sheng
Common Names in Czech:
Podzemnice Olejná
Common Names in Danish:
Jordnød, Jordnødder, Jordnoedder
Common Names in Dutch:
Aardnoot, Grondnoot, Pindaplant
Common Names in English:
Arachide, Cacahou, Cacahoute, Cacahu, Cacahute, Cacahutes, Earth-Nut, Earthnut, Goober, Goober Pea, Ground Nut, Ground-Nut, Groundnut, Man, ManÁ, ManÁ Largo, Monkey Nut, Monkeynut, Peanut, Pindels, Pistach, Pistache, Pistache De Terre
Common Names in Estonian:
Maapähkel
Common Names in Finnish:
Maapähkinä, Maapaehkinae, Maapahkina
Common Names in French:
Arachide, Cacahuète, Pistache De Terre, Pistachier De Terre
Common Names in German:
Echte Erdnuss, Erdmandel, Erdnuß, Erdnuss
Common Names in Greek:
Arahida, Arapico Fistiki
Common Names in Guarani:
Manduvi
Common Names in Hawaiian:
Mumphali, Mungphali
Common Names in Hindi:
Moong Phali, Mung-Phali, Muungaphalii, मूगफली
Common Names in Italian:
Arachide, Aracide, Mandorla Di Terra, Nocciolina, Pistacchio Di Terra
Common Names in Japanese:
Nankin-Mame, Nankinmame, Piinatsu, Piinattsu, Rakkasei
Common Names in Korean:
Ttang Kong
Common Names in Malay:
Katjang Tanah
Common Names in Malayalam:
Nellakkadalai
Common Names in Moldavian:
Alune Depemynt
Common Names in Mongolian:
Khuasan
Common Names in Nepalese:
Mungphalii
Common Names in Polish:
Amendoim, Mancarra, Mendobi, Orzacha Podziemna, Orzech Ziemny
Common Names in Portuguese:
Amendoim, Amendoim Verdadeiro (Brazil), Aráquida, Jinguba, Mancarra, Mendoim (Brazil), Mendubi, Mondubim (Brazil), Mudubim, Mudubim (Brazil)
Common Names in Quechua:
Inchik, Inchis
Common Names in Russian:
Alune Americane, Arachis, Arakhis, Arakhis Podzemnyi, Kitaiskie Oreshki, Zemljanoj Orech, Zemlyanoi Orekh, арацхис, земляной орецх
Common Names in Spanish:
Alcagüeses, Aráquido, Avellana Americana, Cacachuet, Cacahuate, Cacahueta, Cacahuete, Maní, Manî, Mani
Common Names in Swedish:
Jordnød, Jordnöt
Common Names in Swiss:
Jordnot
Common Names in Tamil:
Verikaddalai
Common Names in Thai:
Thùa Lísong
Common Names in Ukrainian:
Kitaiski Boby, Zemlyani Gorikhy
Common Names in Urdu:
Mugphalii
Common Names in Uzbek:
Eryongok
Description
Genus Arachis
Herbs, annual
or perennial
, erect
or prostrate
. Leaves with partly adnate
stipules, paripinnately 3-4-foliolate, stipels
absent. Inflorescence solitary or 2-7-flowered spikes; bracts membranous, primary
ones biapiculate. Calyx membraneous, filiform
, 5-lobed, the 4 upper lobes
united
, the lower more or less free
. Flowers yellow, sometimes striped with red. Vexillum, rounded
, shortly narrowed at the base
, wings
free, keel beaked
, incurved
. Stamens 8-10, monadelphous
, 4-5 anthers
elongate
, alternating with 4-5 short ones. Ovary subsessile
, linear
1-7-ovuled, style very long, soon deciduous; stigma minute, terminal
. Fruit 1-6-seeded, slightly constricted
, functionally indehiscent, thick walled, developing below the soil, having been pushed beneath
by the considerable lengthening of the gynophore
. Seeds ovoid
or oblong
; cotyledons rich in oil
.
A genus with 19 S. American species, one of which is widely cultivated throughout the warmer parts.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Herb • Climbing: Not Climbing
Flowers: Flower Color: yellow
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-12" tall.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,333 meters (0 to 10,935 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Annual
Growth
Culture: Space 24-36" apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 5.1 • Maximum pH: 6.5
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Rosanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Fabales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Series:
servation Press (
)
- Family:
Leguminosae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily:
Papilionoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Dalbergieae
(
)
- Genus:
Arachis
(
)
- C. Linnaeus, 1753
- Peanut
- Specific epithet:
hypogaea
- L.
- Form:
a href="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/title/4
- Botanical name: - Arachis hypogaea L.
- Form:
a href="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/title/4
- Specific epithet:
hypogaea
- L.
- Genus:
Arachis
(
- Tribe:
Dalbergieae
(
- Subfamily:
Papilionoideae
(
- Family:
Leguminosae
(
- Series:
servation Press (
- Order:
Fabales
(
- Superorder:
Rosanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Arachis hypogaea oleifera A. Chev. • Arachis nambyquarae Hoehne
Notes
Publishing author : L. Publication : Species Plantarum 1753 (1 May 1753)
Similar Species
Members of the genus Arachis
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 75 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. appressipila (Amendoim Bravo) · A. archeri (Amendoim Do Campo Limpo) · A. glabrata (Hagenbeck's Peanut) · A. glabrata var. glabrata (Mendoim Do Campo Baixo) · A. hypogaea (Arachide) · A. hypogaea fastigiata (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea hypogaea (Virginian Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Argentine' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Comet' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Dixie Spanish' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Florispan' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Gfa Spanish' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Improved Spanish 2b' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Natal Common' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Shaffers Spanish' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Spancross' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Spanette' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Spanhoma' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Spantex' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Starr' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea var. fastigiata 'Wilco I' (Spanish Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Agratech 1-1' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Agratech 108' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Agratech 120' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Andru 93' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Andru Ii' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Ap-3' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Bradford Runner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'C-99r' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Carolina Black' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Carver' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Carwile's Virginia' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Deakin' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Dixie Runner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Early Runner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Flavor Runner 458' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Florida Mdr 98' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Florunner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Forde' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Georgia Bold' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Georgia Green' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Georgia Runner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Gk-7' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Gregory' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Holt' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Marc I' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Menzies' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Middleton' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Nc V11' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Norden' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Perry' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Shulamit' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'So95r' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Southern Runner' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Sunoleic 97r' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Tennessee Red' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Va 92r' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Vc2' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Virginia Jumbo' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Virugard' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea 'Wheeler' (Peanut) · A. hypogaea ''southeastern Runner 56-15'' (Peanut) · A. kuhlmannii (Amendoim Bravo) · A. macedoi (Amendoim Do Resfriado) · A. major (Amendoim De Aquidauana) · A. monticola (Peanut) · A. pintoi (Forage Peanut) · A. prostrata (Grassnut) · A. pusilla (Amendoim De Caracar) · A. repens (Amendoim Rasteiro) · A. sylvestris (Amendoim Do Porco) · A. triseminata (Mundubí) · A. tuberosa (Amendoim De T) · A. villosulicarpa (Amendoim Bravo) · A. williamsii (Manicillo)
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Further Reading
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 29 providers.
- ILDIS World Database of Legumes. Release date: May 1, 2007
- ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
- Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
- Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
- International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), EURISCO
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
- SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
- SysTax, SysTax
- The Swedish Museum of Natural History
- , Lund Botanical Museum
- UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
- US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
- University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-1295
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:133564-3
- GRIN Nomen Number: 3785
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 26463
- Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDFAB0E010
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARHY
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19225
Footnotes
- "Arachis". in Flora of Pakistan Page 356.. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 605.260 meters (1,985.761 feet), Standard Deviation = 745.120 based on 272 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
