Arabis holboellii

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Arabis

Herbs annual , biennial, or perennial , rarely subshrubs or shrubs . Trichomes stellate , dendritic , or stalked forked , sometimes mixed with fewer simple ones, rarely primarily simple. Stems simple or branched apically. Basal leaves petiolate , rosulate, simple, often entire, sometimes dentate , rarely lyrate-pinnatifid. Cauline leaves sessile and auriculate , sagittate , or amplexicaul , very rarely petiolate, entire or dentate. Racemes ebracteate or rarely bracteate throughout or only basally, sometimes in panicles, elongated in fruit. Fruiting pedicels erect , ascending , divaricate , or reflexed . Sepals ovate or oblong , base of lateral pair saccate or not, margin membranous. Petals white, pink, or purple; blade spatulate , oblong, or oblanceolate , rarely obovate , apex obtuse or emarginate ; claw shorter than sepals. Stamens 6, tetradynamous ; filaments usually not dilated at base; anthers ovate, oblong, or linear , obtuse at apex. Nectar glands confluent , subtending bases of all stamens; median glands sometimes toothlike and free , rarely absent; lateral glands semiannular or annular . Ovules 12-110 per ovary. Fruit dehiscent siliques, linear, latiseptate , sessile or rarely shortly stipitate ; valves papery , with an obscure or prominent midvein , smooth or torulose ; replum rounded ; septum complete , membranous, translucent , veinless; style obsolete or distinct ; stigma capitate, entire or slightly 2-lobed. Seeds uniseriate or biseriate , winged or margined , oblong or orbicular , flattened; seed coat smooth or minutely reticulate , not mucilaginous when wetted; cotyledons accumbent .

About 70 species: temperate Asia, Europe, North America; 14 species (one endemic) in China.

The limits of Arabis are highly artificial, and the genus is defined primarily on the basis of having branched trichomes, flattened, linear fruit, and accumbent cotyledons . However, this combination of characters has evolved independently several times in the Brassicaceae. A critical study of the genus on worldwide basis is much needed.[1]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Biennial, Perennial • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring • Fruit/Seed Period End: Summer • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: None • CaCO3 Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 5.4 • Maximum pH: 7.4 • Fertility Requirement: Medium

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun . • Shade Tolerance: Intermediate

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: Medium • Minimum Precipitation: 14 • Maximum Precipitation: 60 • Moisture Use: Medium

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): -33 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 60

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Boechera holboellii< /i> (Hornem.) Á. Löve & D. Löve • Erysimum holboellii (Hornem.) Kuntze

Notes

Publishing author : Hort.Hafn. ex Trevir. Publication : in Flora , xvi. (1833) 124

Publishing author: B .Boivin Publication: Canad. Field-Naturalist 65: 17 1951

Basionym author: (Fernald)

Publishing author: Böcher Publication: Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 48: 38 1954

Publishing author: G.A.Mulligan Publication: Rhodora 97: 155 1995

Basionym author: (Greene)

Basionym: Brassicaceae Arabis consanguinea Greene

Publishing author: B.Boivin Publication: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 54: 510 1955

Basionym author: (Greene)

Publishing author: Rydb. Publication: in Mem. N. York Bot. Gard. i. 186.

Publishing author: Jord. Publication: in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s., vii. 480 (1861).

Publishing author: Tidestr. Publication: Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash . 36: 182 1923

Publishing author: Greene Publication: Leafl. Bot. Observ. Crit. 2: 80 1910

Publishing author: Á.Löve & D.Löve Publication: Taxon 31: 125 1982

Basionym author: (Fernald)

Basionym: Brassicaceae Arabis collinsii Fernald

Basionym author: (Fern.)

Basionym: Brassicaceae Arabis retrofracta Graham

Basionym author: (Graham)

Publishing author: B.L.Rob. Publication: Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(1): 164 1895

Publishing author: A.Nelson Publication: New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt . 229 1909

Publishing author: Fernald Publication: Rhodora vii. 32.

Publishing author: Greene Publication: Pittonia 4: 190 1900

Publishing author: A.Nelson Publication: Bull . Torrey Bot. Club 26: 123 1899

Publishing author: Jeps. Publication: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 430 1925

Basionym author: (Howell)

Publishing author: A.Nelson Publication: Bot. Gaz. 30: 191 1900

Publishing author: A.Nelson Publication: Coult. Bot. Gaz. xxx. 192.

Publishing author: Graham Publication: in Edinb. Phil. Journ. (1827) 7

Publishing author: N.Busch Publication: in Journ. Bot. URSS, 1935, xx. 87.

Publishing author: Greene Publication: Pittonia iv . 189.

Publishing author: Á.Löve & D.Löve Publication: Bot. Not. 128(4): 513 (1975publ. 1976)

Basionym author: (Bocher)

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: Fl. dan. 11(32):5, t. 1879. 1827

Name verified on 22-Jan-2004 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-Jan-2004

Similar Species

Members of the genus Arabis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 227 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

A. aculeolata (Waldo Rock-Cress) · A. alpina (Alpine Rock Cress) · A. androsacea (Rock Cress) · A. arendsii 'Compinkie' (Rock Cress) · A. arenicola (Arctic Rock-Cress) · A. aubrietioides (Rockcress) · A. beckwithii (Beckwith's Rockcress) · A. blepharophylla (Coast Rock Cress) · A. blepharophylla 'Red Sensation' (Pink Rock Cress) · A. blepharophylla 'Spring Charm' (Pink Rock Cress) · A. bodiensis (Bodie Hill Rock Cress) · A. boivinii (Boivin's Rockcress) · A. breweri (Brewer's Rock-Cress) · A. breweri var. austiniae (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. breweri var. austiniae (Greene) Rollins (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. breweri var. breweri (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. breweri var. breweri S.Watson (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. breweri var. pecuniaria (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. breweri var. pecuniaria Rollins (Brewer's Rockcress) · A. bryoides (Rockcress) · A. calderi (Calder's Rockcress) · A. canadensis (Sicklepod) · A. carduchorum (Rockcress) · A. caucasica (Gray Rockcress) · A. caucasica 'Compinkie' (Compinkie Arabis) · A. caucasica 'Rosea' (Rock Cress) · A. caucasica 'Snowcap' (Rock Cress) · A. caucasica 'Snow Cap' (Snow Cap Rock Cress) · A. caucasica 'Spring Charm' (Spring Charm Arabis) · A. cobrensis (Gray Rockcress) · A. codyi (Cody's Rockcress) · A. collina rosea (Rockcress) · A. constancei (Constance's Rock Cress) · A. crandallii (Crandall's Rock-Cress) · A. crucisetosa (Cross-Haired Rock Cress) · A. cusickii (Cusick's Rockcress) · A. davidsonii (Davidson's Rockcress) · A. davidsonii var. davidsonii (Davidson's Rockcress) · A. davidsonii var. parva (Davidson's Rockcress) · A. demissa (Nodding Rockcress) · A. demissa var. demissa (Nodding Rockcress) · A. demissa var. demissa Greene (Nodding Rockcress) · A. demissa var. languida (Nodding Rockcress) · A. demissa var. languida Rollins (Nodding Rockcress) · A. dispar (Pinyon Rockcress) · A. divaricarpa (Spreading Rockcress) · A. drummondii (Canadian Rockcress) · A. eschscholtziana (Eschscholtz's Hairy Rockcress) · A. falcatoria (Grouse Creek Rockcress) · A. falcifructa (Elko Rockcress) · A. fecunda (Sapphire Rockcress) · A. fendleri (Fendler Rock-Cress) · A. fendleri var. fendleri (Fendler's Rockcress) · A. fendleri var. spatifolia (Spoonleaf Rockcress) · A. fendleri var. spatifolia (Rydb.) Rollins (Fendler Rockcress) · A. ferdinandi-coburgii (Rockcress) · A. ferdinandi-coburgii 'Old Gold' (Arabis) · A. ferdinandi-coburgii 'Variegata' (Rockcress) · A. ferdinandi-coburgi 'Old Gold' (Alpine Wall Cress) · A. fernaldiana (Fernald Rock-Cress) · A. fernaldiana Rollins var. fernaldiana Rollins (Rockcress) · A. fernaldiana Rollins var. stylosa (S.Watson) Rollins (Rockcress) · A. fernaldiana var. fernaldiana (Park Rockcress) · A. fernaldiana var. stylosa (Park Rockcress) · A. fructicosa (Fruit Rock Cress) · A. furcata (Cascade Rockcress) · A. furcata S.Watson var. furcata S.Watson (Columbia Gorge Rockcress) · A. furcata S.Watson var. olympica (Piper) Rollins (Columbia Gorge Rockcress) · A. furcata var. furcata (Columbia Gorge Rockcress) · A. furcata var. olympica (Columbia Gorge Rockcress) · A. georgiana (Georgia Rock-Cress) · A. glabra (Tower Rockcress) · A. glabra var. glabra (Tower Rockcress) · A. glaucovalvula (Blue-Pod Rockcress) · A. gracilipes (Flagstaff Rockcress) · A. gunnisoniana (Gunnison's Rockcress) · A. hastatula (Eared Rockcress) · A. hirshbergiae (Cuyamaca Rockcress) · A. hirsuta (Hairy Rockcress) · A. hirsuta pycnocarpa (Hairy Rockcress) · A. hirsuta sagittata (Hairy Rockcress) · A. hirsuta var. glabrata (Hairy Rockcress) · A. hirsuta var. hirsuta (Hairy Rockcress) · A. hirsuta var. pycnocarpa (Creamflower Rockcress) · A. hoffmannii (Hoffmann's Rock Cress) · A. holboellii (Holboell Rock-Cress) · A. holboellii Hornem. var. pendulocarpa (A.Nelson) Rollins (Dropseed Rockcress) · A. holboellii Hornem. var. pinetorum (Tidestr.) Rollins (Holboell's Rockcress) · A. holboellii var. collinsii (Holboell's Rockcress) · A. holboellii var. holboellii (Holboell's Rockcress) · A. holboellii var. pendulocarpa (Dropseed Rockcress) · A. holboellii var. pinetorum (Holboell's Rockcress) · A. holboellii var. retrofracta (Holboell Rock-Cress) · A. inyoensis (Inyo Rockcress) · A. johnstonii (Johnston's Rock Cress) · A. kamchatica (Kamchatica Rockcress) · A. kennedyae (Troodos Rockcress) · A. koehleri (Koehler Rock-Cress) · A. koehleri T.J.Howell var. koehleri T.J.Howell (Koehler's Rockcress) · A. koehleri T.J.Howell var. stipitata Rollins (Koehler's Rockcress)

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Further Reading

• A Yosemite flora; a descriptive account of the ferns and flowering plants, including the trees, of the Yosemite National Park; with simple keys for their identification. .. by Harvey Monroe Hall and Carlotta Case Hall. San Francisco, Elder, 1912. url p. 109, p. 110.
• A flora of California, by Willis Linn Jepson. San Francisco, Calif., Cunningham, Curtis & Welch, 1909- url p. 66, p. 67.
• A preliminary classification of the plant communities of northeastern Montana / Robert L. DeVelice [et al.]. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1991. url , , , , , , , , , , .
• A study of the vegetation of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho. .. Lincoln, Neb.[1917] url p. 68, p. 70.
• Atlas of the rare vascular plants of Ontario / Ottawa: Botany Division, National Museum of Natural Sciences = Division de la botanique, Musée national des sciences naturelles, 1982-1987. url .
• Botanical survey of the Scratchgravel Hills, Lewis and Clark County, Montana / Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1998. url .
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. 11 1970 Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url p. 24.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 187.
• Classification of the plant communities of Beaverhead, Silver Bow, and Madison Counties, Montana / for Bureau of Land Management, State Office, Billings, Montana. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1992] url p. 71, p. 76, p. 81, p. 87.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 25 1925 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 243, p. 245, p. 291.
• Distribution of vascular plant species of special concern and limited distribution in the Pryor Mountain Desert; Carbon County, Montana / prepared by Peter Lesica and Peter L. Achuff; prepared for USDI Bureau of Land Management, Montana State Office. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1992] url .
• Flora of Nebraska; a list of the conifers and flowering plants of the state with keys for their determination. Plainview, Neb.[c1912] url , .
• Flora of Nebraska; a list of the ferns, conifers and flowering plants of the state with keys for their determination. Plainview, Neb., 1923 url p. 73, p. 74.
• Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: New Era, 1914. url p. 117.
• Flora of the southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1914. url .
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 293.
• Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. url p. 293.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 248, p. 250, p. 80.
• Miscellaneous papers on the botany of Michigan, by C. K. Dodge. Prepared under the direction of Alexander G. Ruthven. Published as a part of the Annual report of the Board of Geological Survey for 1920. Lansing, Mich., Wynkoop Hallenbeck Crawford, State Printers, 1921. url p. 46.
• Novon a journal of botanical nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden. 13 2003 St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden, url p. 383, p. 390, p. 520.
• Phytogeography of Nebraska. 1. General survey by Roscoe Pound and Frederic E. Clements. Lincoln, Neb.Published by the Seminar1900 url p. 419.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 490, p. 83.
• Plant community classification for vegetation on BLM lands, Pryor Mountains, Carbon County, Montana / Robert L. DeVelice & Peter Lesica; for USDI Bureau of Land Management, State Office. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1993. url p. 46.
• Rare plant inventory and plant community descriptions of the Sweet Grass Hills, Proposed Area of Critical Environmental Concern (PACEC), Toole and Liberty Counties, Montana / prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management; prepared by Western Technology and Engineering, Inc. in cooperation with Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena, MT: Western Technology and Engineering, Inc., [1989] url .
• Rare plant inventory of the outstanding natural areas of the Rocky Mountain Front / prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management; prepared by Lisa Ann Schassberger. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1988] url p. 23.
• Report on the conservation status of Penstemon lemhiensis, a candidate threatened species: Montana / by J. Stephen Shelly. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1990] url p. 24, p. 59.
• Sensitive plant species survey at the southern end of the Elkhorn Mountains, Broadwater and Jefferson Counties, Montana / prepared by Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Bureau of Land Management. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1995] url .
• Sensitive plant species survey, Ashland District, Custer National Forest, Powder River and Rosebud Counties, Montana / by Bonnie L. Heidel and Hollis Marriott; for Custer National Forest. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1996] url .
• Sensitive plant species survey, Garfield and McCone Counties, Montana / prepared by Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Bureau of Land Management. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994] url .
• Sensitive plant survey in the Horse Prairie Creek drainage, Beaverhead County, Montana, Butte District, Bureau of Land Management / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land management, Dillon Resource Area. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1995. url p. 39.
• Sensitive plant survey in the Tendoy Mountains, Beaverhead County, Montana / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst and Peter Lesica; prepared for Bureau of Land Management, Butte District. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994]. url .
• Sensitive plant survey of the Sage Creek Area, Beaverhead County, Montana, Dillon Resource Area, Bureau of Land Management / prepared by Peter Lesica and Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for USDI Bureau of Land Management, Butte District. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1995] url p. 38.
• Sensitive plant survey of the Tendoy Mountains, in the Beaverhead National Forest, Beaverhead County, Montana / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for United States Forest Service, Beaverhead National Forest. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1995] url p. 63.
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Big Belt and Elkhorn Mountains, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Helena National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jackie M. Poole and Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Helena National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url , .
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Bull River and adjacent drainages, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Kootenai National Forest, Montana / prepared by Lisa Ann Schassberger and J. Stephen Shelly. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1990]. url p. 55.
• Sensitive plant surveys, 1989: U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, Gallatin National Forest / prepared for United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; prepared by Sarah Y. Mathews. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1989] url p. 7.
• Status review of Cirsium subniveum on the Beaverhead National Forest, U.S.D.A., Forest Service, Region 1, Montana / prepared by Lisa Schassberger Roe. Helena, Mt.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1991] url p. 25, p. 7.
• Status review update and establishment of demographic monitoring studies: Penstemon lemhiensis / prepared for U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Beaverhead and Bitterroot National Forest, Montana; prepared by J. Stephen Shelly. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1990] url p. 47.
• Survey for sensitive plant species on BLM lands in the vicinity of Lemhi Pass, Beaverhead County / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for Bureau of Land Management, Butte District. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994]. url .
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 12, p. 14, p. 20, p. 21, p. 41, p. 61, p. 64.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. 70 1956 Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 116, p. 145, p. 15, p. 176, p. 265, p. 268, p. 292, p. 313, p. 332, p. 333, p. 336, p. 340, p. 341, p. 410, p. 432, p. 438, p. 454, p. 461, p. 494, p. 55, p. 570, p. 612, p. 613, p. 621.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 38 1978 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 143, p. 261, p. 281, p. 285, p. 425, p. 443, p. 565, p. 7, p. 82.
• The plants of Michigan; simple keys for the identification of the native seed plants of the state, by Henry Allan Gleason. Ann Arbor, G. Wahr, c1918. url p. 46.
• University studies of the University of Nebraska. Lincoln. url p. 68.
• Vascular plant and sensitive plant species inventory for the highland mountains, Deerlodge National Forest; prepared for Deerlodge National Forest / prepared by Peter Lesica. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1992] url p. 22.

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 02, 2008:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Colorado Museum, Zoological specimens
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2648414
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-22702
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13742015
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:278279-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 414201
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 22702
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 278279-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDBRA060W0
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ARHO2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 21921

Footnotes

1. "Arabis". in Flora of China Vol. 8 Page 113. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.