Overview
|
Endangered |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Dutch:
Echt Rozenhout
Common Names in English:
Car-Cara
Common Names in French:
Car-cara
Description
Family Lauraceae
Shrubs
to tall trees
, evergreen
or rarely deciduous ( Cassytha a parasitic vine
with leaves reduced to scales
), usually aromatic
. Leaves alternate, rarely whorled
or opposite, simple
, without stipules, petiolate
. Leaf blade
: unlobed (unlobed or lobed
in Sassafras ), margins
entire, occasionally with domatia (crevices or hollows serving as lodging for mites
) in axils of main lateral
veins (in Cinnamomum ) . Inflorescences in axils of leaves or deciduous bracts, panicles (rarely heads
), racemes
, compound
cymes, or pseudoumbels (spikes in Cassytha ), sometimes enclosed by decussate bracts. Flowers bisexual
or unisexual
, bisexual only, or staminate
and pistillate
on different plants
, or staminate and bisexual on some plants, pistillate and bisexual on others; flowers usually yellow to greenish or white, rarely reddish; hypanthium well developed, resembling calyx tube
, tepals and stamens perigynous; tepals 6(-9), in 2(-3) whorls of 3, sepaloid
, equal or rarely unequal, if unequal then usually outer 3 smaller than inner 3 (occasionally absent in Litsea ) ; stamens (3-) 9(-12), in whorls of 3, but 1 or more whorls frequently staminodial or absent; stamens of 3d whorl with 2 glands
near base
; anthers
2- or 4-locular, locules opening by valves
; pistil 1, 1-carpellate; ovary 1-locular; placentation basal; ovule 1; stigma subsessile
, discoid
or capitate. Fruits drupes, drupe borne on pedicel with or without persistent
tepals at base, or seated in ± deeply cup-shaped receptacle (cupule), or enclosed in accrescent
floral tube
. Seed 1; endosperm absent.
Genera ca.
50, species 2000-3000 (9 genera, 13 species in the flora
) : pantropical
, a few species also in subtropical
and temperate
regions
Cassytha is sometimes placed in its own family
, Cassythaceae; it is here retained in Lauraceae.[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Magnoliidae
(
)
- Novák ex Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lauranae
(
)
- (Perleb, 1826) Takhtajan, 1997
- Superorder:
Lauranae
(
- Subclass:
Magnoliidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Ducke Publication : Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Colon. 1928, viii. 845 (1930); et in Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio deJaneiro, v. 109 (1930).
Similar Species
Members of the genus Aniba
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 3 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. bracteata (Canelillo) · A. rosaeodora (Car-Cara) · A. rosaeodora var. amazonica (Brazilian Rosewood)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 324.
- Conservation and sustainable management of trees, report of the second regional workshop, held at CATIE, Turrialba, Costa Rica, 18-20 November 1996 WCMC url p. 55.
- Contribution to an evaluation of tree species using the new CITES Listing Criteria CITES url p. 154, p. 435, p. 6.
- Novon a journal of botanical nomenclature from the Missouri Botanical Garden. 10 2000 St. Louis, MO: Missouri Botanical Garden, url p. 275.
- Plants in Danger: what do we know? IUCN url p. 340.
- The World List of Threatened Trees WCMC, IUCN url p. 56.
- Wood, C. E. Jr. 1958. The genera of the woody Ranales in the southeastern United States. J. Arnold Arbor. 39: 296-346.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Varty, N. 1998. Aniba rosaeodora. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3479281
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15549491
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:462598-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 462598-1
- IUCN ID: 191148
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1021961
Footnotes
- Henk van der Werff "Lauraceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 3. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
