Androsace filiformis

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Primulaceae

Herbs perennial or annual , rarely suffruticose . Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled , often all basal, simple , entire to lobed . Flowers solitary or in panicles, racemes , or umbels, usually with bracts, perfect , (4- or) 5(--9) -merous, often heterostylous (Primula) . Calyx persistent . Corolla gamopetalous, actinomorphic , rarely absent (Glaux) . Stamens as many as and opposite corolla lobes , ± epipetalous , occasionally with scalelike staminodes. Filaments free or connate into a tube at base . Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior (Samolus), unilocular ; placentation free central; style simple; stigma inconspicuous, capitate. Fruit a capsule, dehiscing by valves , rarely circumscissile or indehiscent. Seeds many or few; embryo small, straight, surrounded by endosperm.

The family contains 22 genera and ca. 1000 species, occurring mainly in temperate and mountainous regions of the northern hemisphere. Twelve genera and 517 species are widely distributed throughout China, but are represented mostly in the S and W regions. The centers of diversity for Primula, Androsace, and Omphalogramma are W Sichuan, E Xizang, and NW Yunnan. Lysimachia is also highly developed in provinces S of the Chang Jiang, while Pomatosace is an endemic genus confined to a small area of NW Sichuan and Qinghai.

Many species of Primula and Androsace are cultivated for their attractive flowers as pot plants , in rock gardens, or in garden borders . Some species of Lysimachia are used medicinally. Cyclamen persicum Miller is frequently cultivated as a pot plant.[1]

Genus Androsace

Herbs perennial , annual , or biennial, acaulescent , rarely caulescent with ascending or decumbent shoots from a caudex . Leaves forming a rosette, rarely alternate; rosettes solitary or clustered, forming lax mats or compact cushions . Inflorescences umbellate , rarely a solitary flower, with bracts. Flowers 5-merous, homostylous. Calyx campanulate to subglobose, shallowly to deeply lobed . Corolla white, pink, purple, or dark red, rarely yellow; tube usually ± inflated , ca. as long as to shorter than calyx; throat constricted ; lobes entire or emarginate . Stamens included , inserted on corolla tube; filaments very short; anthers ovate , apex obtuse . Style not longer than corolla tube. Capsule subglobose, dehiscing nearly to base . Seeds few to many.

Approximately 100 species widely distributed in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere; 73 species native to China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Damp meadows, river banks, near bogs and ditches, open woodlands; 1000--2000 m [3].

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Retz. Publication : Observ. Bot. (Retzius) 2: 10 1781

Similar Species

Members of the genus Androsace

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 46 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. alpina (Rock Jasmine) · A. brevis (Rock Jasmine) · A. carnea (Rock Jasmine) · A. chamaejasme (Rock Jasmine) · A. chamaejasmeersonii (Anderson's Rockjasmine) · A. chamaejasme andersonii (Anderson's Rockjasmine) · A. chamaejasme subsp. andersonii (Anderson's Rockjasmine) · A. chamaejasme subsp. carinata (Sweetflower Rockjasmine) · A. chamaejasme subsp. lehmanniana (Lehmann's Rockjasmine) · A. ciliata (Rock Jasmine) · A. cylindrica (Rock Jasmine) · A. delavayi (Rock Jasmine) · A. elongata (California Rock-Jasmine) · A. elongata acuta (Lehmann Sweet-Flowered Fairy-Candelabra) · A. elongata subsp. acuta (California Rockjasmine) · A. filiformis (Filiform Rockjasmine) · A. globifera (Rock Jasmine) · A. hausmannii (Rock Jasmine) · A. hedraeantha (Rock Jasmine) · A. hirtella (Rock Jasmine) · A. lanuginosa (Rock Jasmine) · A. maxima (Greater Rockjasmine) · A. muscoidea (Rock Jasmine) · A. occidentalis (Western Rock Jasmine) · A. pyrenaica (Rock Jasmine) · A. sarmentosa (Rock Jasmine) · A. sempervivoides (Rock Jasmine) · A. septentrionalis (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis glandulosa (Pygmyflower Rock Jasmine) · A. septentrionalis glandulosa var. glandulosa (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis puberulenta (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis robusta (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis septentrionalis (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis subulifera (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis subumbellata (Northern Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis subsp. glandulosa (Pygmyflower Rock Jasmine) · A. septentrionalis subsp. puberulenta (Pygmy-Flower Rock-Jasmine) · A. septentrionalis subsp. robusta (Pygmyflower Rockjasmine) · A. septentrionalis subsp. subulifera (Pygmyflower Rock Jasmine) · A. septentrionalis subsp. subumbellata (Pygmyflower Rockjasmine) · A. subulifera (Pygmyflower Rock Jasmine) · A. subumbellata (Pygmyflower Rockjasmine) · A. vandellii (Rock Jasmine) · A. villosa (Rock Jasmine) · A. wulfeniana (Rock Jasmine) · A. 'Millstream' (Rock Jasmine)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A flora of northwest America, containing brief descriptions of all the known indigenous and naturalized plants growing without cultivation north of California, west of Utah, and south of British Columbia. Portland, Or., 1903. url .
• A vegetation index of biotic integrity for small-order streams in southwest Montana and a floristic quality assessment for western Montana wetlands / [Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2005]. url , .
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url p. 396, p. 517.
• An illustrated flora of the Pacific States: Washington, Oregon, and California. Stanford University, Stanford University Press, 1923-[60] url p. 337.
• Annual report. United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories. 1st-12th, 1867-1878. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1867-83. url p. 478, p. 486.
• Bulletin / University of Montana. Missoula: University of Montana, 1901-1910. url p. 43.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1903 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 3, p. 3.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 46 1919 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 309, p. 319, p. 463.
• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 890.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Compiled by the Royal Society of London. London, C.J. Clay and Sons, 1867-1902 [etc.] Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1914-25. url p. 890.
• Contributions from the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1899- url .
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 25 1925 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 410, p. 411.
• Elementary flora of the Northwest, by Theodore C. Frye. .. and George B. Rigg. .. Cincinnati [etc.]American book company[c1914] url p. 177.
• First report on the flora of Wyoming / Aven Nelson. Laramie: Wyoming Experiment Station, 1896. url p. 149.
• Flora of Colorado, Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url .
• Flora of Colorado, by P. A. Rydberg, PH. D. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 263.
• Flora of Colorado, by P.A. Rydberg. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 263, p. 263.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 649.
• Flora of the Yellowstone National Park / by Frank Tweedy. Washington, D.C.: F. Tweedy, 1886. url p. 53.
• Flora of the northwest coast, including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon. Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1915. url .
• Flora of the northwest coast: including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: Press of the New era printing company, 1915. url p. 285.
• Forests and forestry of northern Russia and lands beyond / comp. by John Croumbie Brown. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd; [etc., etc.]1884- url p. 187.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 497.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 77.
• Hooker, W. J. Botanical miscellany. London: J. Murray, 1830-1833. url p. 248.
• International catalogue of scientific literature. London: Published for the International Council by the Royal Society of London, 1902-1919. url p. 1007.
• Manual of the botany (Phaenogamia and Pteridophyta) of the Rocky mountain region, from New Mexico to the British boundary. By John M. Coulter. and Chicago: Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, and company, 1885. url p. 234.
• New manual of botany of the central Rocky mountains (vascular plants) Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1909] url , .
• Pittonia: a series of papers relating to botany and botanists /by Edward L. Greene. 4 1899-1901 Berkeley, Calif. [etc.]: Doxey & Co. [etc.], 1887-1905. url p. 148.
• Report of the transactions of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society for the year. .. with preliminary observations. [S.l.: s.n.], 1839. url p. 53.
• Sensitive plant survey in the Horse Prairie Creek drainage, Beaverhead County, Montana, Butte District, Bureau of Land Management / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land management, Dillon Resource Area. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1995. url p. 41.
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Big Belt and Elkhorn Mountains, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Helena National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jackie M. Poole and Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Helena National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url , .
• Studies on Rocky Mountain flora. New York, New York Botanical Garden, 1899-1913. url p. 463.
• Synoptical flora of North America. New York, American Book Company, 1878-1895/97 [v.2, pt. 1, 1878] url p. 60.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 406.
• The Book of gardening; a handbook of horticulture. London, C. Scribner's Sons, 1900. url .
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 44.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 41 1981 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 5.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 522, p. 80.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 41 1912-13 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 431, p. 558, p. 584.
• The vegetation of the Siberian-Mongolian frontiers (the Sayansk region) [Trondhjem]K. Norske Videnskabers Selskab[1921] url .
• Transactions of the Botanical Society. Edinburgh: Botanical Society of Edinburgh, 1841-1891. url p. 317.
• Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: Geo. W. Martin url p. 25.
• Vascular plant and sensitive plant species inventory for the highland mountains, Deerlodge National Forest; prepared for Deerlodge National Forest / prepared by Peter Lesica. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1992] url p. 25, p. 47.
• Chen Feng-hwai, Hu Chi-ming, Fang Yun-yi, Cheng Chao-zong, Yang Yong-chang & Huang Rong-fu In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(1): 1-217
• Hu Chi-ming In Chen Feng-hwai & Hu Chi-ming, editors. 1990. Primulaceae (2). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 59(2): 1-321.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 12, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2649360
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-23940
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13845076
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:700272-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 23940
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 700272-1
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: PDPRI02040
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ANFI
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 21256

Footnotes

1. Qiming Hu & Sylvia Kelso "Primulaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 39. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Androsace". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 80. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. "Androsace filiformis". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 88. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.