Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Schofield's Andreaea Moss
Description
Family Andreaeaceae
Plants dark green to black, small to large, often in dense turf
. Stems erect
, irregularly branched, bearing rhizoids at base
; central strand absent. Leaves erect or secund
, sometimes falcate-secund, short- to long-lanceolate or panduriform; costa absent or single or branched, narrow to broad, percurrent
or ending before the apex; in section
of uniform
cells
, lamellae absent; margins
plane
to weakly incurved
, seldom recurved; laminal
cells short throughout or occasionally elongate
in leaf base, 1-stratose or 2- to multistratose. Specialized asexual
reproduction rare, as filamentous
gemmae from laminal cells. Sexual condition usually autoicous
, mainly cladautoicous
but occasionally gonioautoicous
or dioicous; perichaetial leaves commonly differentiated, larger, convolute-sheathing. Sporophytes terminal
on an elongate gametophytic stalk
, the pseudopodium. Seta essentially absent. Capsule erect, elliptic
, opening by usually 4 lateral
longitudinal
valves
; stomata, annulus, operculum and peristome absent. Calyptra tiny, campanulate-mitrate, often fugacious
. Spores spheric, oval
or tetrahedral
, small to large, 10 to occasionally more than 100 µm, papillose
.
Genus 1, species ca.
45 (11 in the flora
) : cosmopolitan
.
The Andreaeaceae shares with Sphagnaceae the sporophyte raised on a pseudopodium, but the spore sac
is derived from the endothecium, not the amphithecium as in the latter family
. The spore sac arches over the massive, persistent
columella. The longitudinal valves bulge open when the capsules are dry, closing when wet. Erect, thallose
protonemal appendages
are common and distinctive.[1]
Genus Andreaea
Plants commonly cemented to substrate. Stems with stalked
mucilage hairs
in leaf axils
, stalks
usually brown. Leaves spiraling around stem in several rows
, usually brittle, commonly ending in a distinct
apiculus
of a single cell
; costa sometimes poorly differentiated, sometimes not reaching the leaf insertion
; laminal
cells with thick longitudinal
walls and often pitted
or sinuose, transverse
walls thin. Capsule 0.5-2 mm.
Species about 45: cosmopolitan
.
Andreaea is easily recognized in the field
by the dark green to blackish dense turf
strongly adherent
to a rock habitat
, the brittle leaves, and capsule opening by four longitudinal lateral slits. These species are largely temperate
montane
to arctic-alpine
in distribution, not uncommon on exposed acid rock surfaces. The present treatment follows B
. M.
Murray's (1987, 1988, 1988b) detailed and thorough study closely except that Andreaea alpestris is treated as a synonym of A. rupestris and A. crassinervia as a synonym of A. rothii, following M. F. V. Corley et al.
(1981), while infraspecific
taxa are not recognized. The costa may be interpreted as strongly excurrent when it fills
the leaf subula.[2]
Physical Description
Species Andreaea schofieldiana
Plants greenish brown to brown-black. Leaves spreading
,
straight to secund
, broadly subulate
from an ovate
base
or lanceolate,
widest in proximal
half of leaf, apex symmetric
; costa present, percurrent
and usually filling the leaf apices, moderately differ-entiated to
more often strong
, terete
, commonly reaching the leaf insertion;
leaf margins entire or occasionally weakly crenulate
; basal laminal
cells
rectangular, marginal
cells grading
to short-rectangular, walls
usually sinuose, sometimes slightly pitted
; medial
laminal cells
rounded-quadrate, 2-stratose entirely or in large patches except
near costa where commonly 1-stratose, rarely 1-stratose throughout,
lumens
rounded
; laminal papillae rare, low. Sexual condition
cladautoicous
; perichaetial leaves differentiated, convolute-sheathing.
Spores 20-30 µm. [source]
The small spores immediately separate Andreaea schofieldiana
from the similar A. rothii. [source]
Habit: Nonvascular
Habitat
Dry rock outcrops; moderate elevations [3].
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Bryophyta
(
)
- A. Braun, in Ascherson, 1860
- Mosses
- Subphylum:
Musci
(
)
- (Linnaeus, 1753) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Infraphylum:
Bryatae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Class:
Andreaeopsida
(
)
- Order:
Andreaeales
(
)
-
- Family:
Andreaeaceae
(
)
- Dum.
- Genus:
Andreaea
(
)
- J. Hedwig, 1801
- [For J. G. R. Andreae, 1724-1793, apothecary of Hanover, Germany]
- Specific epithet:
schofieldiana
- B. M. Murray, 1987
- Botanical name: - Andreaea schofieldiana B. M. Murray, 1987
- Specific epithet:
schofieldiana
- B. M. Murray, 1987
- Genus:
Andreaea
(
- Family:
Andreaeaceae
(
- Order:
Andreaeales
(
- Class:
Andreaeopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Bryatae
(
- Subphylum:
Musci
(
- Phylum:
Bryophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 19-Jul-2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Andreaea
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 14 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
A. alpestris (Andreaea Moss) · A. blyttii (Blytt's Andreaea Moss) · A. crassinervia (Andreaea Moss) · A. heinemannii (Heinemann's Andreaea Moss) · A. megistospora (Andreaea Moss) · A. megistospora B.Murr. var. epapillosa (B.Murr.) Crum & Anderson (Andreaea Moss) · A. mutabilis (Andreaea Moss) · A. nivalis (Andreaea Moss) · A. obovata (Obovate Andreaea Moss) · A. rothii (Roth's Andreaea Moss) · A. rupestris var. papillosa (Andreaea Moss) · A. rupestris var. rupestris (Andreaea Moss) · A. schofieldiana (Schofield's Andreaea Moss) · A. sinuosa (Andreaea Moss)
More Info
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Further Reading
- Murray, B. M. 1988b. The genus Andreaea in Britain and Ireland. J. Bryol. 15: 17-82.
- Schultze-Motel, W. 1970. Monographie der Laubmoosgattung Andreaea. 1. Die costaten Arten. Willdenowia 6: 25-110.
Notes
Contributors
- "Andreaea schofieldiana". in Flora of North America Vol. 27 Page 103, 107. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 27, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- MOST: Moss TROPICOS Database. Release date: July 19, 2004
- Moss TROPICOS: the World Checklist of Mosses
- Moss TROPICOS DatabaseJul 1, 2004.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 27, 2008:
- UNIBIO, IBUNAM: MEXU/Colección de Briofitas
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3866499
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: MOS-35183415
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 547533
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ANSC11
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 21050
Footnotes
- Richard H. Zander "Andreaeaceae". in Flora of North America Vol Page. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Andreaea". in Flora of North America Vol. 27 Page 3, 10, 11, 43, 102, 103, 108, 109. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Andreaea schofieldiana". in Flora of North America Vol. 27 Page 103, 107. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
